Journals / Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 21 - Sayı: 1

Variation in chemical compounds of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves with tree age

Adi ceviz (Juglans regia L.) ağacı yapraklarının kimyasal bileşiklerinin ağaç yaşına bağlı değişimi

Pages
124–133
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In general, the results showedthat mean chlorophyll pigments were increased with increasing the age.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In this present study, we investigated the chemical compounds in the fresh leaves of ancient walnuttrees (Juglans regia L.) aged 25, 75, 100, and over 400 year.
📊
Key Findings & Data:In addition, the oxidative stress level was determined by measuring lipid peroxidation (MDAmalondialdehyde)and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In general, the results showedthat mean chlorophyll pigments were increased with increasing the age.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In this present study, we investigated the chemical compounds in the fresh leaves of ancient walnuttrees (Juglans regia L.) aged 25, 75, 100, and over 400 year. Under similar environmental conditions,the fresh leaves of walnut trees were collected and analysed for chlorophyll molecules as chlorophylla, chlorophyll b and carotenoids, enzymatic compounds (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT)and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities) and non-enzymatic compounds (proline, total solubleprotein, total phenolic compounds), flavonoid and reducing sugars (glucose, sucrose, total solublesugar). In addition, the oxidative stress level was determined by measuring lipid peroxidation (MDAmalondialdehyde)and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Significant differences in the chemical compositionof the fresh leaves were found between the 4 different tree age classes. In general, the results showedthat mean chlorophyll pigments were increased with increasing the age. There was also a generaltrend that mean glucose and starch concentrations increased with the age, while mean sucroseconcentration decreased, but no changes were noted for mean total soluble carbohydrate. On theother hand, mean SOD concentration decreased with increasing the age. Other chemical compounds(mean proline, total soluble protein, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, APX and CAT), however,did not show clear trends with the age. As a result, these pioneer study have provided valuable insightinto the variation in the chemical constituents of walnut tree leaves in relation to the age, and it canbe used to better understanding, managing and fighting against pathogens of walnut ecosystems infuture studies.

Özet

Bu çalışmada ortalama yaşı 25, 75, 100 ve 400 yaş üzeri Adi ceviz (Juglans regia L.) olan ağacı yeşil yapraklarının kimyasal bileşikleri araştırılmıştır. Aynı yetişme ortamındaki, adi ceviz ağaçlarından toplanan yeşil yaprak örneklerinin içerdiği fotosentetik pigmentler (klorofil a, klorofil b ve karotenoit, askorbat peroksidaz (APX), katalaz (CAT), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) enzim aktiviteleri, prolin, toplam çözünür protein, toplam fenolik bileşikleri, flavonoid gibi enzimatik olmayan bileşikleri ve indirgenmiş şekerlerden, glikoz ve sukroz miktarı ile toplam çözünür şeker miktarları belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak, yeşil yapraklar oksidatif stres seviyesi ile lipit peroksidasyonu (malondialdehit-MDA) ve hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) konsantrasyonları için analiz edilmiştir. Bu kimyasal bileşiklerden bazıları, ağaç yaşına bağlı olarak istatistiksel farklılıklar göstermiştir. Genel olarak, fotosentetik pigmentler, ağaç yaşı arttıkça artış göstermiştir. Glikoz ve nişasta miktarı ağaç yaşı ile artma eğilimi gösterirken, sukroz miktarı azalmış, fakat toplam çözünür karbohidrat içeriği ağaçlar arasında önemli bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Bunun yanında, SOD aktivitesi yaş arttıkça azalmıştır. Çalışmada incelenen diğer kimyasal bileşiklerle (prolin, toplam çözünür protein, MDA, H2O2, APX ve CAT) ağaç yaşı arasında belirgin bir ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, öncü niteliğindeki bu bulgular, ceviz ağacı yapraklarının yaşa bağlı olarak kimyasal yapılarındaki değişimi hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamış olup, ceviz ekosistemlerinin daha iyi anlaşılması, yönetimi ve zararlarına karşı uygulanacak mücadele yöntemlerine karar vermede gelecekteki çalışmalarda kullanılabilecektir.

🔖

Cite This Article

SARIYILDIZ, T., TURFAN, N., SAVACI, G. (2022). Variation in chemical compounds of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves with tree age. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 21 - Sayı: 1, 124–133. https://ajindex.com/articles/450618

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (15)

  1. Akça Y, Ozgen M, Erturk U, Ercisli S (2012) The effects of AVG and GA3 treatments on pistillate (female) flower abortion in ‘Sebin’ walnut cultivar. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 11(4):179-185
  2. Amaral JS, Seabra RM, Andrade PB, Valentao P, Pereira JÁ, Ferreres F (2004) Phenolic profile in the quality control of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves. Food Chemistry, 88: 373-379
  3. Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15
  4. Augspurger CK, Bartlett EA (2003) Differences in leaf phenology between juvenile and adult trees in a temperate deciduous forest. Tree Physiology, 23: 517-525
  5. Bates L, Waldern RP, Teare ID (1973) Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207
  6. Bergmeyer J, Grabl M (1983) Methoden der Enzymatischen Analyse (Methods of enzymatic analysis) Akademie Verlag (Academy publishing house), 1: 190-302
  7. Bertamini M, Nedunchezhian N, Broghi B (2001) Effect of iron deficiency induced changes on photosynthetic pigments, ribulose- 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and photosystem activities in field grown grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir) leaves. Photosynthetica, 39(1): 59-65
  8. Bradford MM (1976) A rapid sensitive method for the quantitation of micro program quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254
  9. Cakmak I (1994) Activity of ascorbate-dependent H2O2-scavenging enzymes and leaf chlorosis are enhanced in magnesium and potassium deficient leaves, but not in phosphorus deficient leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 45: 1259-1266
  10. Cakmak I. Engels C. (1999) Role of mineral nutrients in photosynthesis and yield formation, in Rengel, Z.: Mineral Nutrition of Crops: Mechanisms and Implications. The Haworth Press,
  11. New York, USA, pp 141-168
  12. Cakmak, I. (2005) The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 168(4), 521-530.
  13. Del Tredici P (1998) Aging and rejuvenation in trees. Combined Proceedings of the International Plant propagators Society, 48: 637-642
  14. Dickson RE, Tomlinson PT, Isebrands JG (2000) Partitioning of current photosynthate to different chemical fractions in leaves, stems and roots of northern red oak seedlings during episodic growth. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30: 1308-1317
  15. Duran C (2017) Local distribution of the temperature and precipitation in Kastamonu province