Journals / Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi / 2022 / Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 3

Clinical, Radiological and Etiological Spectrum of Acute Transverse Myelitis Cases: A Single Center Experience and Review of the Literature

Akut Transvers Miyelit Olgularının Klinik, Radyolojik ve Etiyolojik Spektrumu: Tek Merkez Deneyimi ve Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi

Pages
306–312
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion: Although Transverse Myelitis is a rare condition, the clinical picture is a neurological emergency and a quick practical approach provides clues to the specific etiology and appropri- ate treatment.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Acute Transverse Myelitis is the focal inflammation of the spinal cord either idiopathic or secondary to an infection or systemic disease without the compression of the cord.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Material and Methods: In this retrospective study consisting of 35 ATM cases, idiopathic ATM was detected in 31.4% of the patients, and etiological diagnosis was provided in 68.6% of them.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: Although Transverse Myelitis is a rare condition, the clinical picture is a neurological emergency and a quick practical approach provides clues to the specific etiology and appropri- ate treatment.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Acute Transverse Myelitis is the focal inflammation of the spinal cord either idiopathic or secondary to an infection or systemic disease without the compression of the cord. Acute or subacute clinical presentation with sensory level, weak- ness of the extremities, and autonomic invovement of the bladder and rectum can be seen completely or partially in accordance with the degree of involvement of the spinal cord. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study consisting of 35 ATM cases, idiopathic ATM was detected in 31.4% of the patients, and etiological diagnosis was provided in 68.6% of them. Demo- graphic and clinical characteristics, CSF examination results, and spinal MRI findings were compared between idiopathic and non-idiopathic ATM groups. Results: The mean age of the group with idiopathic ATM was statisti- cally significantly lower than the non-idiopathic ATM group and the mean symptom duration was shorter. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of myelitis clinical findings. Thoracic spinal cord location was the most common in both groups. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of lesion location. Long segment involve- ment was observed in 66.66% of the non-idiopathic ATM group and 27.27% in the idiopathic ATM group, and a signifi- cant statistical difference was found between both groups in terms of segment findings on MRI. Conclusion: Although Transverse Myelitis is a rare condition, the clinical picture is a neurological emergency and a quick practical approach provides clues to the specific etiology and appropri- ate treatment.

Özet

Amaç: Akut transvers Miyelit (ATM), omuriliğin idiyopatik veya kordda kompresyon olmaksızın bir enfeksiyon veya sistemik hastalığa ikincil olarak fokal enflamasyonudur. Omuriliğin tam veya kısmi tutulum derecesine göre ekstremitelerde güçsüzlük, duyu kusuru, mesane ve rektumun otonomik bozukluğu ile karakterize akut veya subakut bir klinik tablo görülür. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada kliniğimizde yatarak izlenen 35 akut transvers miyelit hastasının dosyası retrospektif olarak incelendi. Dejeneratif omurilik kompresyonuna yol açan kompresif miyelopati ve intramedüller neoplazili olgular ile bilinen Multiple Skleroz tanısı olup miyelit epizodu ile başvuran olgular çalışmaya dahil edilmedi. Hastaların %31,4’ünde idiyopatik akut transvers miyelit saptanırken, %68,6’sında etiyolojik tanıya ulaşıldı. Hastalar idiyopatik ATM olguları ile idiyopatik olmayan ATM olguları şeklinde iki gruba ayrılarak gruplar arası demografik ve klinik özellikler, BOS inceleme sonuçları ve spinal MRG bulguları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: İdiyopatik ATM’li grubun yaş ortalaması idiyopatik olmayan ATM grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük, ortalama semptom süresi daha kısa bulundu. Miyelit klinik bulguları açısından her iki grup arasında istatistiksel anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Oligoklonal band (OKB) pozitifliği idiyopatik olmayan ATM’li 5 hastada tespit edildi. Torakal omurilik yerleşimi her iki grupta da en sık görüldü. Ancak lezyon yerleşimi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı istatistiksel farklılık saptanmadı. Uzun segment tutulum idiyopatik olmayan ATM grubunda %66,66 oranında, idiyopatik ATM grubunda ise %27,27 oranında görülmüş olup MRG’de tutulan segment bulguları açısından her iki grup arasında anlamlı istatistiksel farklılık saptandı. Sonuç: Transvers Miyelit nadir bir durum olmasına rağmen klinik tablo nörolojik bir acil durumdur ve pratik hızlı bir yaklaşım, spesifik etiyolojiye ve uygun tedaviye yönelik ipuçlarını ortaya koyar.

🔖

Cite This Article

AKAN, O., EMİR, C., ÜÇLER, S. (2022). Clinical, Radiological and Etiological Spectrum of Acute Transverse Myelitis Cases: A Single Center Experience and Review of the Literature. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 3, 306–312. https://ajindex.com/articles/434206

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (12)

  1. Transverse Myelitis Consortium Working Group. Proposed diagnostic criteria and nosology of acute transverse myelitis. Neurology 2002;59: 499–505
  2. Scott TF, Frohman E.M, De Seze J, Gronseth G S, Weinshenker BG. Evidence-based guideline, Clinical evaluation and treatment of transverse myelitis: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2012; 77(24):2128–34
  3. Contentti EC, Hryb JP, Diego A, Pace JLD, Perassolo M. Etiologic spectrum and functional outcome os the acute inflammatory myelitis. Acta Neurol Belg. 2017; 507-13
  4. Weinshenker BG, Vukusic S, Wingerchuk DM, Vukusic S, Linbo L, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti C F, Lennon VA. Neuromyelitis optica IgG predicts relapse after longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Ann Neurol. 2006; 59 (3):566-9
  5. Seze J, Stoikovic T, Breteau G, Lucas C, Pasturel UM, Gauvrit JY, Hachulla E, Vehier FM, Pruvo JP, Leys D, Destee A, Hatron PY, Vermersch P. Acute myelopathies. Clinical, laboratory and outcome profiles in 79 cases. Brain 2001;124: 1509–21
  6. Annunziata P, Masi G, Cioni C, Gastaldi M, Marchioni E, D’amico E, Patti F, Laroni A, Mancardi G, Vitetta F, Sola P. Clinical, laboratory features, and prognostic factors in adult acute transverse myelitis: an Italian multicenter study. Neurol sciences 2019; 40: 1383-91
  7. Cree BAC, Wingerchuck DM. Acute transvers myelitis İs the idiopathic” form vanishing? Neurology 2005; 65:1857-8
  8. Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, de Seze J, Fujihara K, Greenberg B, Jacob A, Jarius S, Lana-Peixoto M, Levy M, Simon JH, Tenembaum S, Traboulsee AL, Waters P, Wellik KE, Weinshenker BG. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 2015; 85(2): 177–89
  9. Carroll WM. 2017 McDonald MS diagnostic criteria: Evidence-based revisions. Mult Scler 2018;24 (2):92-5
  10. Gastaldi M, Marchioni M, Banfi P, Mariani V, Lodovico LD, Bergamaschi R, Alfonsi E, Borrelli P, Ferraro OE, Zardini E, Pichiecchio A, Cortese A, Waters P, Woodhall M, Ceroni M, Mauri M, Franciotta D. Predictors of outcome in a large retrospective cohort of patients with transverse myelitis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2017: 1-10
  11. Cohen EG, Konen O, Nevo Y, Cohen R, Halevy A, Shuper Aİ Aharoni S. Prognostic Parameters of Acute Transverse Myelitis in Children. Journal of Child Neurology 2020: 1-5
  12. Goh C, Desmond PM, Phal PM. MRI in Transverse Myelitis. Journa