Journals / Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Pediatric Convulsive Status Epilepticus in the PICU: Clinical Outcomes and Prognostic Factors

Pediatrik Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Konvülsif Status Epileptikus: Klinik Sonuçlar ve Prognostik Faktörler

Merve Yavuz(Gaziantep City Hospital)0000-0002-7143-0943
İbrahim Bingöl(Gaziantep City Hospital)0000-0002-2795-4360
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-10-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Further prospective multicenter studies are required to validate these findings and define the clinical utility of lactate in pediatric status epilepticus.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a life-threatening condition in children.
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Methods: This retrospective single-center study included patients aged 2 months to 18 years admitted to a tertiary PICU between 2024 and 2025 with convulsive SE.
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Conclusion & Impact:Further prospective multicenter studies are required to validate these findings and define the clinical utility of lactate in pediatric status epilepticus.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2024 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Prognostik faktörler · Status epileptikus · Nöbet

Abstract

Objective: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a life-threatening condition in children. Early identification of prognostic factors is important for improving outcomes. This study evaluated clinical features and predictors of outcome, with a focus on serum lactate levels, in children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Material and Methods: This retrospective single-center study included patients aged 2 months to 18 years admitted to a tertiary PICU between 2024 and 2025 with convulsive SE. Patients were classified as SE, refractory SE (RSE), or super-refractory SE (SRSE). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed. Lactate levels at admission and at 6 hours, as well as lactate clearance, were assessed. Logistic regression and ROC analyses were performed. Results: A total of 190 patients were included; 20.0% developed RSE and 7.9% developed SRSE. Mortality was 7.9%, and 18.9% developed new neurological deficits. The highest mortality was observed in central nervous system infections (30.4%). Refractory cases had longer PICU stays (p<0.001). The 6-hour lactate level was independently associated with RSE (OR=1.75, p<0.001) and SRSE (OR=1.99, p<0.001), but not with mortality. ROC analysis demonstrated good discriminatory performance for RSE (AUC=0.76; optimal cut-off 2.06 mmol/L) and SRSE (AUC=0.75; optimal cut-off 3.55 mmol/L). Lactate clearance was not an independent predictor. Higher PRISM III scores were also associated with RSE. Conclusion: Etiology is the principal determinant of mortality in pediatric SE, with CNS infections carrying the highest risk. Persistent elevation of serum lactate at 6 hours was independently associated with RSE and SRSE and may represent a candidate biomarker of ongoing seizure burden and metabolic stress. However, its discriminatory performance for predicting mortality was modest, limiting its use as a stand-alone prognostic marker of death. Further prospective multicenter studies are required to validate these findings and define the clinical utility of lactate in pediatric status epilepticus.

Özet

Amaç: Konvülsif status epileptikus (SE), çocukluk çağında yaşamı tehdit eden bir nörolojik acildir ve prognozu belirleyen faktörlerin erken dönemde tanımlanması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, pediatrik yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edilen konvülsif SE olgularında klinik özellikler ve prognostik faktörler, özellikle serum laktat düzeyleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif, tek merkezli çalışmaya, 2024–2025 yılları arasında üçüncü basamak pediatrik yoğun bakım ünitesine konvülsif SE tanısıyla yatırılan 2 ay–18 yaş arası hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar SE, refrakter SE (RSE) ve süper-refrakter SE (SRSE) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Demografik, klinik ve laboratuvar verileri analiz edilmiş; başvuru ve 6. saat serum laktat düzeyleri ile laktat klirensi değerlendirilmiştir. Lojistik regresyon ve ROC analizleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Toplam 190 hastanın %20’sinde RSE ve %7,9’unda SRSE gelişmiştir. Mortalite oranı %7,9, yeni nörolojik defisit oranı %18,9’dur. En yüksek mortalite santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonlarında (%30,4) gözlenmiştir. Refrakter olgularda yoğun bakımda kalış süresi daha uzundur (p<0,001). Altıncı saat serum laktat düzeyi, RSE (OR=1,75; p<0,001) ve SRSE (OR=1,99; p<0,001) ile bağımsız olarak ilişkili bulunmuş, ancak mortalite ile ilişkili bulunmamıştır. ROC analizinde 6. saat laktat düzeyi RSE için AUC=0,76 ve optimal kesim noktası 2,06 mmol/L; SRSE için ise AUC=0,75 ve optimal kesim noktası 3,55 mmol/L olarak saptanmıştır. Yüksek PRISM III skorları da RSE ile ilişkilidir. Sonuç: Pediatrik SE'de mortalitenin temel belirleyicisi etiyolojidir ve santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonları en yüksek riski taşır. Altıncı saatte persistan serum laktat yüksekliği, RSE ve SRSE ile bağımsız olarak ilişkili olup, devam eden nöbet yükünü ve metabolik stresi yansıtan aday bir biyobelirteç olabilir. Ancak mortaliteyi öngörmedeki ayırt edici gücü sınırlıdır. Bulguların doğrulanması ve klinik uygulamadaki yerinin belirlenmesi için prospektif, çok merkezli çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.

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Cite This Article

Yavuz, M., Bingöl, İ. (2026). Pediatric Convulsive Status Epilepticus in the PICU: Clinical Outcomes and Prognostic Factors. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.1951537

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