Journals / Uluslararası Halkla İlişkiler ve Reklam Çalışmaları Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

EMOTIONAL LOAD MANAGEMENT AND THE INDIVIDUALIZATION OF RESPONSIBILITY IN PUBLIC RELATIONS: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT

HALKLA İLİŞKİLERDE DUYGUSAL YÜK YÖNETİMİ VE SORUMLULUĞUN BİREYSELLEŞTİRİLMESİ: ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Özgenur Reyhan Güler(İSTİNYE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0899-2297
Ebru Özgen(MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-4103-2386
Pages
21–59
Publication Date
2026-09-24
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings reveal that responsibilization operates through three framing functions: reaching ethical sensitivity through emotional representation, transferring the responsibility for solutions onto the individual, and framing the process in a manner that strengthens corporate reputation.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study examines a communicative pattern in which brands, while conveying social and environmental problems to the public, largely transfer the responsibility for solutions onto the individual, and particularly onto the consumer.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The research adopts Hsieh and Shannon's directed content analysis protocol; its coding categories are derived from the four functions of Entman's framing theory (problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation) and from two indicators drawn from the responsibilization literature (corporate action consistency and reputation framing).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings reveal that responsibilization operates through three framing functions: reaching ethical sensitivity through emotional representation, transferring the responsibility for solutions onto the individual, and framing the process in a manner that strengthens corporate reputation.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Halkla ilişkiler · sorumluluğun bireyselleştirilmesi · duygusal yük yönetimi

Abstract

This study examines a communicative pattern in which brands, while conveying social and environmental problems to the public, largely transfer the responsibility for solutions onto the individual, and particularly onto the consumer. Conceptualized in the critical governmentality literature as "responsibilization," this pattern is analysed here through the concept of emotional load management, which the study proposes. The research adopts Hsieh and Shannon's directed content analysis protocol; its coding categories are derived from the four functions of Entman's framing theory (problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation) and from two indicators drawn from the responsibilization literature (corporate action consistency and reputation framing). This six-category scheme was applied to five international campaigns implemented between 2011 and 2024, with each campaign analyzed through a three-level intensity rating reflecting the salience of the categories within the campaign discourse. The findings reveal that responsibilization operates through three framing functions: reaching ethical sensitivity through emotional representation, transferring the responsibility for solutions onto the individual, and framing the process in a manner that strengthens corporate reputation. The analysis further shows that the ethical legitimacy of the strategy is directly related to corporate action consistency and transparency; in the absence of these conditions, the risks of emotional manipulation and compassion fatigue increase.

Özet

Bu çalışma, markaların toplumsal ve çevresel sorunları kamuoyuna iletirken çözüm sorumluluğunu büyük ölçüde bireye, özellikle de tüketiciye aktardığı bir iletişim örüntüsünü incelemektedir. Eleştirel yönetimsellik yazınında "sorumluluğun bireyselleştirilmesi" (responsibilization) olarak kavramsallaştırılan bu örüntü, çalışmada, bu araştırmanın önerdiği duygusal yük yönetimi kavramı aracılığıyla çözümlenmektedir. Araştırma, Hsieh ve Shannon'ın yönlendirilmiş içerik analizi (directed content analysis) protokolünü benimsemekte; kodlama kategorilerini Entman'ın çerçeveleme kuramının dört işlevinden (sorun tanımı, nedensel yorum, ahlaki değerlendirme, çözüm önerisi) ve responsibilization yazınından türetilen iki göstergeden (kurumsal eylem tutarlılığı, itibar çerçeveleme) oluşturmaktadır. Bu altı kategoriden oluşan çerçeve, 2011–2024 yılları arasında uygulanan beş uluslararası kampanyaya uygulanmış; her kampanya, kategorilerin söylemdeki belirginliğine göre üç düzeyli yoğunluk derecelendirmesiyle çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular, sorumluluğun bireyselleştirilmesinin, duygusal temsil yoluyla etik duyarlılığa ulaşmak, çözüm sorumluluğunu bireye aktarmak ve süreci kurumsal itibarı güçlendirecek biçimde çerçeveleme şeklinde üç çerçeveleme işlevi aracılığıyla işlediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çözümleme ayrıca, stratejinin etik meşruiyetinin kurumsal eylem tutarlılığı ve şeffaflıkla doğrudan ilişkili olduğunu; bu koşullar sağlanmadığında duygusal manipülasyon ve şefkat yorgunluğu riskinin arttığını göstermektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Güler, Ö. R., Özgen, E. (2026). EMOTIONAL LOAD MANAGEMENT AND THE INDIVIDUALIZATION OF RESPONSIBILITY IN PUBLIC RELATIONS: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT. Uluslararası Halkla İlişkiler ve Reklam Çalışmaları Dergisi, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 21–59. https://doi.org/10.61766/hire.2010011

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (42)

  1. Ashforth, B. E., ve Humphrey, R. H. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity. Academy of Management Review, 18(1), 88–115.
  2. Banet-Weiser, S. (2018). Empowered: Popular feminism and popular misogyny. Duke University Press.
  3. Butler, J. (2004). Precarious life: The powers of mourning and violence. Verso.
  4. Carrington, M. J., Zwick, D., ve Neville, B. (2016). The ideology of the ethical consumption gap. Marketing Theory, 16(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593115595674
  5. Chouliaraki, L. (2006). The spectatorship of suffering. Sage.
  6. CNN. (2013, 14 Ocak). Coca-Cola weighs in on obesity fight. 26 Ağustos 2026 tarihinde https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/14/health/coke-obesity/index.html adresinden erişilmiştir.
  7. The Coca-Cola Company. (2020). Active healthy living. 3 Haziran 2026 tarihinde https://www.coca-colacompany.com adresinden erişilmiştir.
  8. Dean, M. (1999). Governmentality: Power and rule in modern society. Sage.
  9. Dezeen. (2019, 2 Ağustos). H&M called out for "greenwashing" in its Conscious fashion collection. https://www.dezeen.com/2019/08/02/hm-norway-greenwashing-conscious-fashion-collection-news/
  10. Dorfman, L., Cheyne, A., Friedman, L. C., Wadud, A., ve Gottlieb, M. (2012). Soda and tobacco industry corporate social responsibility campaigns: How do they compare? PLoS Medicine, 9(6), e1001241. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001241
  11. Dove. (2024). The Dove Real Beauty Pledge. 1 Haziran 2026 tarihinde https://www.dove.com/us/en/campaigns/purpose/real-beauty-pledge.html adresinden erişilmiştir.
  12. Du, S., Bhattacharya, C. B., ve Sen, S. (2010). Maximizing business returns to corporate social responsibility (CSR): The role of CSR communication. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00276.x
  13. Edwards, L., ve Hodges, C. E. M. (Ed.). (2011). Public relations, society and culture: Theoretical and empirical explorations. Routledge.
  14. Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  15. Figley, C. R. (Ed.). (1995). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. Brunner/Mazel.
  16. Foucault, M. (1991). Governmentality. G. Burchell, C. Gordon ve P. Miller (Ed.), The Foucault effect: Studies in governmentality içinde (s. 87–104). University of Chicago Press.
  17. Giesler, M., ve Veresiu, E. (2014). Creating the responsible consumer: Moralistic governance regimes and consumer subjectivity. Journal of Consumer Research, 41(3), 840–857. https://doi.org/10.1086/677842
  18. Gill, R. (2007). Postfeminist media culture: Elements of a sensibility. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 10(2), 147–166.
  19. Grunig, J. E. (Ed.). (1992). Excellence in public relations and communication management. Lawrence Erlbaum.
  20. H&M Group. (2011). Conscious collection – sustainable style at H&M. 6 Mayıs 2026 tarihinde https://hmgroup.com/news/conscious-collection-sustainable-style-at-hm/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  21. Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. University of California Press.
  22. Hsieh, H.-F., ve Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687
  23. Hwang, C., Lee, Y., Diddi, S., ve Karpova, E. (2016). "Don't buy this jacket": Consumer reaction toward anti-consumption apparel advertisement. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 20(4), 435–452. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-12-2014-0087
  24. Illouz, E. (2007). Cold intimacies: The making of emotional capitalism. Polity Press.
  25. Iyengar, S. (1991). Is anyone responsible? How television frames political issues. University of Chicago Press.
  26. Karatepe, S., ve Ozan, M. S. (2017). Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve kurumsal itibar ilişkisi üzerine bir değerlendirme. Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 8(2), 80–101.
  27. Klein, N. (2000). No logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. Picador.
  28. L'Etang, J. (2008). Public relations: Concepts, practice and critique. Sage.
  29. Lyon, T. P., ve Montgomery, A. W. (2015). The means and end of greenwash. Organization & Environment, 28(2), 223–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026615575332
  30. Moeller, S. D. (1999). Compassion fatigue: How the media sell disease, famine, war and death. Routledge.
  31. Murray, D. P. (2013). Branding "real" social change in Dove's Campaign for Real Beauty. Feminist Media Studies, 13(1), 83–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2011.647963
  32. NRK. (2019, 7 Haziran). Forbrukertilsynet: H&M driver ulovlig miljømarkedsføring. https://www.nrk.no/tromsogfinnmark/forbrukertilsynet-refser-h_m-for-ulovlig-miljomarkedsforing-1.14578730
  33. Osprey Initiative. (2019). Coca-Cola installs first "Litter Gitter" system in southwest Atlanta. 26 Ağustos 2026 tarihinde https://osprey.world/coca-cola-installs-first-litter-gitter-bandalong-system-in-southwest-atlanta adresinden erişilmiştir.
  34. Patagonia. (2011). Don't buy this jacket, Black Friday and the New York Times. 10 Haziran 2026 tarihinde https://www.patagonia.com/stories/planet/activism/dont-buy-this-jacket-black-friday-and-the-new-york-times/story-18615.html adresinden erişilmiştir.
  35. Rose, N. (1999). Powers of freedom: Reframing political thought. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511488856
  36. Savaş, S. (2015). Bütünleşik kurumsal iletişimin bir unsuru olarak çerçeveleme. Akdeniz İletişim Dergisi, (24), 148–167.
  37. Semetko, H. A., ve Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A content analysis of press and television news. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02843.x
  38. Shamir, R. (2008). The age of responsibilization: On market-embedded morality. Economy and Society, 37(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085140701760833
  39. UNHCR. (2015). IKEA's Brighter Lives for Refugees campaign raises €10.8 million. 17 Mart 2026 tarihinde https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/ikeas-brighter-lives-refugees-campaign-raises-eu108-million adresinden erişilmiştir.
  40. UNHCR (2015). The IKEA campaign "Brighter Lives for Refugees" raises €7.7 million for UNHCR in its first year 6 Mayıs 2026 tarihinde https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/ikea-campaign-raises-%E2%82%AC7-7-million-brighten-lives-refugees adresinden erişilmiştir.
  41. Unilever. (2024). 20 years on: Dove and the future of Real Beauty. 17 Mart 2026 tarihinde https://www.unilever.com/news/news-search/2024/20-years-on-dove-and-the-future-of-real-beauty/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  42. Vredenburg, J., Kapitan, S., Spry, A., ve Kemper, J. A. (2020). Brands taking a stand: Authentic brand activism or woke washing? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 444–460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620947359