Journals / Turkish Academic Research Review / 2026 / Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Dualism and Materialism in Gregory David Roberts’ Shantaram

Gregory David Roberts’ın Shantaram Romanında Düalizm ve Materyalizm

Cenk Tan(Pamukkale Üniversitesi)0000-0003-2451-3612
Pages
3–17
Publication Date
2022-03-23
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

All in all, the study concludes that Shantaram exhibits depictions of Cartesian dualism through the protagonist’s experiences in the slums of Bombay and determines that dualism overcomes materialism in Roberts’ story as the mind/soul asserts its autonomy over the body and its physical sphere.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Gregory David Roberts is a contemporary Australian author who had been involved in several criminal activities and was therefore convicted to prison sentence earlier in his life.
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Key Findings & Data:In 2003, he published the semi-autobiographical novel Shantaram largely based on his experiences in the Indian city of Bombay.
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Conclusion & Impact:All in all, the study concludes that Shantaram exhibits depictions of Cartesian dualism through the protagonist’s experiences in the slums of Bombay and determines that dualism overcomes materialism in Roberts’ story as the mind/soul asserts its autonomy over the body and its physical sphere.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2003 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Shantaram · Gregory David Roberts · Kartezyen Düalizm

Abstract

Gregory David Roberts is a contemporary Australian author who had been involved in several criminal activities and was therefore convicted to prison sentence earlier in his life. In 2003, he published the semi-autobiographical novel Shantaram largely based on his experiences in the Indian city of Bombay. The novel, which became a best-seller around the globe is an astounding account of a westerner’s spiritual voyage in the outskirts of India. Shantaram deals with a great many themes and issues such as ethics, violence and good vs. evil, but the theme which lies at the core of the narrative is the binary opposition between dualism and materialism. While dualism defends the autonomy of the mind/soul over the body, materialism affirms that all living beings are bound to material laws. This article aims to analyse Roberts’ Shantaram through the binary opposition of dualism and materialism, and specifically from a dualistic perspective. As the founder of modern philosophy and dualism, René Descartes’ theories will be applied to the text as opposed to the contrasting philosophy of materialism. In this respect, dualism is compared and contrasted with materialism and physicalism with reference to several influential thinkers who contributed to this thought from Greek antiquity to modern philosophy such as Aristotle, Plato, Lucretius, Kant and George Berkeley. Thus, a Cartesian analysis is implemented to Shantaram in order to expose the dualism emphasised in the subtext of Roberts’ narrative. All in all, the study concludes that Shantaram exhibits depictions of Cartesian dualism through the protagonist’s experiences in the slums of Bombay and determines that dualism overcomes materialism in Roberts’ story as the mind/soul asserts its autonomy over the body and its physical sphere.

Özet

Gregory David Roberts, hayatının önceki dönemlerinde pek çok suç eylemlerine karışmış ve bunlardan ötürü ülkesinde mahkûmiyet cezası almış çağdaş Avustralyalı bir yazardır. 2003 yılında yazar, çoğunluğunu Hint şehri Bombay’da yaşadığı deneyimlere dayanan yarı otobiyografik Shantaram romanını yayımlar. Dünya çapında ilgiyle karşılanan ve en iyi satanlar listesine giren roman, batılı bir maceraperestin Hint şehirlerinde deneyimlediği manevi yolculuğun şaşırtıcı hikâyesini anlatır. Shantaram, ahlak’tan şiddete ve iyiyle kötünün mücadelesine kadar pek çok farklı mesele ve temayı ele almaktadır fakat kurgunun odak noktasında yer alan tema ise düalizm ve materyalizm arasındaki ikili karşıtlıktır. Bu anlamda Roberts, bireysel arayışı dualizm ile materyalizm arasındaki karşıtlığı simgeleyen ve açığa çıkaran batılı figürün büyüleyici bir öyküsünü resmediyor. Düalizm, aklın/ruhun beden üzerindeki özerkliğini savunurken, materyalizm ise tüm canlıların maddi yasalara bağlı olduğunu iddia eder. Bu makale, Roberts’ın Shantaram romanını düalizm ve materyalizm ikili karşıtlığı üzerinden, özel anlamda ise düalist bir bakış açısıyla analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Modern felsefe ve düalist düşüncenin kurucusu olarak kabul edilen René Descartes’ın kuramı, onun felsefesi karşısında konumlanan materyalist düşünce ile birlikte metne uygulanacaktır. Bu bağlamda, düalizm, Aristoteles, Plato, Lucretius, Kant ve George Berkeley gibi, antik çağdan modern felsefeye kadar, bu düşünceye katkıda bulunan birçok etkili düşünür referans alınarak, materyalizm ve fizikalizm ile karşılaştırılmaktadır. Böylece, Shantaram romanına Kartezyen analiz uygulanarak Roberts’ın hikâyesinin alt-metninde vurgulanan düalizm açığa çıkarılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırma, Shantaram romanının, ana karakteri olan Lin’in Bombay’da bulunan varoşlardaki deneyimlerinden yola çıkarak Kartezyen düalizmin tezahürlerini ortaya koyduğu ve Gregory David Roberts'ın anlatısında, zihnin/ruhun, beden ve fiziksel alan üzerindeki özerkliğini savunurken, düalizmin materyalizme baskın geldiği sonucuna varmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Tan, C. (2022). Dualism and Materialism in Gregory David Roberts’ Shantaram. Turkish Academic Research Review, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 3–17. https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1009329

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