SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for Older People

Yaşlı Bireyler İçin X16 Denge Test Testinin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlilik Ve Güvenilirliği

Ayşe Abit Kocaman(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü)0000-0002-6694-3015
Meral Sertel(KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES)0000-0002-7575-9762
Pages
32–42
Publication Date
2023-05-30
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Due to its simplicity and quickness to use, it is practical to be used for balance evaluation.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for older people.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The test-retest process was completed with all individuals for intra-rater agreement.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Due to its simplicity and quickness to use, it is practical to be used for balance evaluation.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:yaşlanma · denge testi ölçeği · güvenilirlik

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for older people. Materials and Method: Three hundred and forty five older people were included in the study. The test-retest process was completed with all individuals for intra-rater agreement. For validity, the correlation with Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) were applied. Results: For intra-rater agreement of the X16 Balance Testing Scale obtained as a result of the initial testing and retesting, results were found to be highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.904, 0.902, respectively). Test-retest reliability was found to be at a quite high or excellent level in all domains. A high correlation was found between the X16 Balance Testing Scale total score and the total scores of BBS and POMA (r=0.710, 0.706 respectively). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale was found to be valid and reliable in older people. Due to its simplicity and quickness to use, it is practical to be used for balance evaluation.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yaşlı bireyler için 'X16 Denge Test Ölçeği'nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 345 yaşlı kişi dahil edildi. Değerlendirici içi uyum için tüm bireylerle test-tekrar test tamamlandı. Geçerlilik için Berg Denge Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Tinetti Performans Odaklı Mobilite Değerlendirmesi (POMA) ile korelasyonu uygulandı. Bulgular: X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği'nin değerlendirici içi uyum için birinci ve tekrar test sonuçlarının oldukça güvenilir olduğu bulundu (sırasıyla Cronbach alfa katsayısı = 0.904, 0.902). Test-tekrar test güvenirliği tüm alanlarda oldukça yüksek veya mükemmel düzeyde kaydedildi. 'X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği toplam puanı ile BDÖ, POMA toplam puanı arasında yüksek korelasyon bulundu (sırasıyla r=0.710, 0.706). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak yaşlı bireylerde X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği'nin Türkçe versiyonu geçerli ve güvenilir olarak kaydedildi.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kocaman, A. A., Sertel, M. (2023). The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for Older People. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 32–42. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1223143

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (26)

  1. Angın, E., Can, F., İyigün, G., Kırmızıgil, B., Malkoç, M., & Değer, Ü. (2016). Does balance influence daily living activities and quality of life in community-dwelling older people?, Physiotherapy 102, e227-e228.
  2. Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(24), 3186-3191.
  3. Berg, K. O., Maki, B. E., Williams, J. I., Holliday, P. J., & Wood-Dauphinee, S. L. (1992). Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 73(11), 1073-1080.
  4. Berg, K. O., Wood-Dauphinee, S. L., Williams, J. I., & Maki, B. (1992). Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can J Public Health, 83 Suppl 2, S7-11.
  5. Bolding, D. J., & Corman, E. (2019). Falls in the Geriatric Patient. Clin Geriatr Med, 35(1), 115-126. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2018.08.010
  6. Campbell, A. J., Robertson, M. C., Gardner, M. M., Norton, R. N., Tilyard, M. W., & Buchner, D. M. (1997). Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women. Bmj, 315(7115), 1065-1069. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1065
  7. Castro-Costa, E., Fuzikawa, C., Uchoa, E., Firmo, J. O., & Lima-Costa, M. F. (2008). Norms for the mini-mental state examination: adjustment of the cut-off point in populationbased studies (evidences from the Bambui health aging study). Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 66(3a), 524-528.
  8. Ercan, İ., & İsmet, K. (2004). Ölçeklerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik. Journal of Uludag University Faculty of Medicine 30(3), 211-216.
  9. Erkorkmaz Ü, Etikan İ, Demir O ve ark. (2013) Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve uyum indeksleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 33:210-23.
  10. Faber, M. J., Bosscher, R. J., & van Wieringen, P. C. (2006). Clinimetric properties of the performance-oriented mobility assessment. Phys Ther, 86(7), 944-954.
  11. Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., & Gruber, M. (2012). A qualitative review of balance and strength performance in healthy older adults: impact for testing and training. J Aging Res, 2012, 708905. doi:10.1155/2012/708905
  12. Ju, J., Jiang, Y., Zhou, P., Li, L., Ye, X., Wu, H.,. Xia, Q. (2018). Evaluation of the reliability and validity for X16 balance testing scale for the elderly. BMC Geriatr, 18(1), 112. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0803-6
  13. Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med, 15(2), 155-163. doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
  14. Kornetti, D. L., Fritz, S. L., Chiu, Y. P., Light, K. E., & Velozo, C. A. (2004). Rating scale analysis of the Berg Balance Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85(7), 1128-1135.
  15. Masud, T., & Morris, R. O. (2001). Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing, 30 Suppl 4, 3-7. doi:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.3 Neuls, P. D., Clark, T. L., Van Heuklon, N. C., Proctor, J. E., Kilker, B. J., Bieber, M. E.,. Newton, R. A. (2011). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale to predict falls in the elderly. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 34(1), 3-10. doi:10.1097/JPT.0b013e3181ff2b0e
  16. Noll, D. R. (2013). Management of falls and balance disorders in the elderly. J Am Osteopath Assoc, 113(1), 17-22.
  17. Peel, N. M. (2011). Epidemiology of falls in older age. Can J Aging, 30(1), 7-19. doi:10.1017/s071498081000070x
  18. Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Ozmaden, A., Kotevolu, N., Sahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 31(1), 32-37.
  19. Schülein, S. (2014). [Comparison of the performanceoriented mobility assessment and the Berg balance scale. Assessment tools in geriatrics and geriatric rehabilitation]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 47(2), 153-164. doi:10.1007/s00391-013-0492-x
  20. Tinetti, M. E. (1986). Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc, 34(2), 119-126.
  21. Vellas, B. J., Wayne, S. J., Romero, L. J., Baumgartner, R. N., & Garry, P. J. (1997). Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers. Age Ageing, 26(3), 189-193. doi:10.1093/ageing/26.3.189
  22. Wang, C. Y., Hsieh, C. L., Olson, S. L., Wang, C. H., Sheu, C. F., & Liang, C. C. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Berg Balance Scale in a community-dwelling elderly resident population in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc, 105(12), 992-1000. doi:10.1016/s0929-6646(09)60283-7
  23. Yücel, S. D., Şahin, F., Doğu, B., Şahin, T., Kuran, B., Gürsakal, S. J. E. R. o. A., & Activity, P. (2012). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment I. 9(2), 149.
  24. Angın, E., Can, F., İyigün, G., Kırmızıgil, B., Malkoç, M., & Değer, Ü. (2016). Does balance influence daily living activities and quality of life in community-dwelling older people?, Physiotherapy 102, e227-e228.
  25. Ju, J., Jiang, Y., Zhou, P., Li, L., Ye, X., Wu, H.,. Xia, Q. (2018). Evaluation of the reliability and validity for X16 balance testing scale for the elderly. BMC Geriatr, 18(1), 112. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0803-6
  26. Masud, T., & Morris, R. O. (2001). Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing, 30 Suppl 4, 3-7. doi:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.3 Neuls, P. D., Clark, T. L., Van Heuklon, N. C., Proctor, J. E., Kilker, B. J., Bieber, M. E.,. Newton, R. A. (2011). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale to predict falls in the elderly. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 34(1), 3-10. doi:10.1097/JPT.0b013e3181ff2b0e