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Journals / Anadolu İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Globalization, Energy Consumption, and Air Transportation Effects on CO₂ Emissions in G7 Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

G7 Ülkelerinde Küreselleşme, Enerji Tüketimi ve Hava Taşımacılığının CO₂ Emisyonları Üzerindeki Etkileri: Panel Veri Analizi

Didem Erşen(ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-9273-6407
Alper Aslan(ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-1408-0921
Pages
42–59
Publication Date
2026-04-24
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Granger causality tests show that the relationships are predominantly unidirectional, running from CO₂ emissions to the other variables.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The acceleration of globalisation has supported countries’ economic and social development by increasing energy demand, thereby bringing environmental pollution and environmental quality issues to the forefront.
📊
Key Findings & Data:This study aims to analyse the effects of globalisation, energy consumption, and air transportation on environmental quality in G7 countries for the period 1997–2020.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Granger causality tests show that the relationships are predominantly unidirectional, running from CO₂ emissions to the other variables.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Enerji tüketimi · hava kargo taşımacılığı · küreselleşme

Abstract

The acceleration of globalisation has supported countries’ economic and social development by increasing energy demand, thereby bringing environmental pollution and environmental quality issues to the forefront. This study aims to analyse the effects of globalisation, energy consumption, and air transportation on environmental quality in G7 countries for the period 1997–2020. The results obtained from the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (CCE–ARDL) Mean Group estimator indicate that, in the short run, energy consumption has a statistically significant and positive effect on CO₂ emissions, whereas the short-run effects of air freight transportation and globalisation are not statistically significant. The negative, significant error-correction coefficient confirms the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. Granger causality tests show that the relationships are predominantly unidirectional, running from CO₂ emissions to the other variables.

Özet

Küreselleşmenin hız kazanması, ülkelerin ekonomik ve sosyal gelişimini destekleyerek enerji talebini artırmış; bu durum çevre kirliliği ve çevre kalitesi sorunlarını gündeme taşımıştır. Bu çalışma, 1997–2020 dönemine ait verilerle G7 ülkelerinde küreselleşme, enerji tüketimi ve hava taşımacılığının çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çevresel kaliteyi temsilen CO₂ emisyonu bağımlı değişken olarak kullanılmış; bağımsız değişkenler ise genel küreselleşme endeksi, enerji tüketimi ve hava kargo yük miktarı olarak belirlenmiştir. Dinamik Ortak İlişkili Etkiler (CCE–ARDL) tahminlerinin sonuçları, kısa dönemde enerji tüketiminin CO₂ emisyonlarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediğini, hava kargo taşımacılığı ve küreselleşmenin kısa dönemli etkilerinin anlamlı olmadığını göstermektedir. Hata düzeltme katsayısının negatif ve anlamlı olması, değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir denge ilişkisinin varlığını sergiler. Granger nedensellik testleri, CO₂ emisyonlarının diğer değişkenlere doğru tek yönlü olduğunu göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

Erşen, D., Aslan, A. (2026). Globalization, Energy Consumption, and Air Transportation Effects on CO₂ Emissions in G7 Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Anadolu İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 42–59. https://doi.org/10.59293/anadoluiid.1835031

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