Journals / Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2019 / Cilt: 18 Özel Sayı

A Divine Cause for Abandoning Reason in Shakespeare’s King Lear

Shakespeare’in Kral Lear Oyununda Mantığı Terketmek için Kutsal Sebep

Gül Kurtuluş(İHSAN DOĞRAMACI BİLKENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-8743-6736
Pages
150–158
Publication Date
2019-12-31
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It aims to look into the various aspects madness that proceeds from chaos to order through the characters of King Lear and Edgar, and from blindness to healthy eyesight both in metaphoric and literal sense through the characters of King Lear and Gloucester who see better and become wiser in the end.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:King Lear can be considered as one of the most powerful tragedies written by Shakespeare.
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Key Findings & Data:Written nearly 400 years ago, it appeals to todays’ literary critiques, psychologists and psychiatrists.
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Conclusion & Impact:It aims to look into the various aspects madness that proceeds from chaos to order through the characters of King Lear and Edgar, and from blindness to healthy eyesight both in metaphoric and literal sense through the characters of King Lear and Gloucester who see better and become wiser in the end.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Kral Lear · çılgınlık · psikoloji

Abstract

King Lear can be considered as one of the most powerful tragedies written by Shakespeare. Written nearly 400 years ago, it appeals to todays’ literary critiques, psychologists and psychiatrists. Shakespeare’s construction of madness is so deep that psychiatrists diagnose the type of madness King Lear suffers from with its various aspects, such as mental disorder, mania, and dementia. One of the elements that triggers his dementia is stress which can be found in Lear’s case due to the corrupted relationship with daughters. Lear has unsolved problems with all of his daughters. Lear does not love them as a father, he loves them as a mother would do hence, their abandonment leads to his collapse. In the father-dominant family model of Elizabethan times King Lear was written, this idea is emphasized in the play further with the exclusion of a mother. King Lear does not only maintain kingly authority but also as the only head of the family and care-giver for his daughters, he maintains both a father’s and mother’s authority role. King Lear does not have a wife to consult when he’s distressed and ask for comfort, however he has his daughters. The play starts off exactly with Lear asking for consolation and love from his daughters. Cordelia’s refusal to give a solid consolation to him results in chaos for Lear who is in desperate need to receive affection. From the very beginning of the play, there is a fight between chaos and order in the kingdom and in King Lear’s mind. In this chaos, madness does not only act as the accelerating power of chaos but also as the remedy of it. In other words, the madness in the play also leads the play back to order. When talking about madness in the play, King Lear and Edgar come to mind as one goes mad and one pretends to be mad. This essay explores King Lear’s madness in the light of new literary studies. It aims to look into the various aspects madness that proceeds from chaos to order through the characters of King Lear and Edgar, and from blindness to healthy eyesight both in metaphoric and literal sense through the characters of King Lear and Gloucester who see better and become wiser in the end.

Özet

Kral Lear Shakespeare’in yazdığı trajik oyunların en önemlilerinden biri diye düşünülebilir. Yaklaşık 400 yıl once yazılan eser günümüzde edebi eleştirmenlerin, psikologların ve psikiyatrların ilgisini çekmeye devam ediyor. Shakespeare’ın eserinde sergilediği çılgınlık örneği öylesine derin ki psikiyatrlar bu hastalığı ruhsal bozukluk, delilik ve demans gibi farklı yönleriyle teşhis ediyorlar. Lear’ın maruz kaldığı demans durumu kızlarıyla arasındaki bozuk ilişkinin sebep olduğu stres dolayısıyla artmıştır. Lear’ın tüm kızlarıyla arasında henüz çözümlenmeyen problem vardır. Lear kızlarını sadece bir baba olarak değil tıpkı bir annenin hissettiği aşkla sevmektedir. Kral Lear Elizabeth döneminin baba-erkil aile yapısını yansıtmaktadır ve baba figürü anne figürünün yokluğunda daha fazla vurgulanmıştır. Lear kendi krallığının en üst seviyesinde olan yönetici ve lider otorite sembolü olmakla birlikte ailesinin yegane ebeveyni ve reisi olarak kızlarına sevgi, şefkat veren anne ve baba rolünü birlikte üstlenmektedir. Kral Lear’ın gergin ve sıkıntılı zamanlarında başvurarak teselli alacağı ve kendini rahat hissedebileceği bir eşi yok ama kızları var. Oyun tam olarak Lear’ın kızlarından sevgi ve avuntu istediği bir sahneyle başlar. Cordelia babasının teselli isteğine olumsuz yanıt vererek çaresizlik içinde sevgi açlığı çeken Lear’ı tam bir karmaşanın içine iter. Eserin başından itibaren Lear’ın zihninde ve yönettiği krallıkta karmaşa ve düzen çatışması belirgindir. Böylesi bir karmaşa ortamında çılgınlık hem karmaşayı artıran hem de sonlandıran bir güç olarak görülür. Bir başka deyişle, çılgınlık oyunda tekrar düzen haline dönülmesi için etkili olur. Çılgınlıkla ilgili düşünürken ve tartışırken oyunda iki karakter ön plana çıkar: Çılgına dönen Kral Lear ve çılgın gibi davranıp o role bürünen Edgar. Bu çalışma King lear’ın çılgınlık olarak tanımlanan hastalığını yeni edebi yaklaşımlar ve çalışmalar ışığında araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma karmaşadan düzen haline dönen süreçte Kral Lear ve Edgar karakterlerindeki çılgınlıkla ilgili özellikleri ve hem mecazi hem de gerçek anlamda körlükten sağlıklı görme yeteneğine kavuşarak etraflarındaki olayları daha iyi anlayıp daha bilge karakterlere dönüşen Kral Lear ve Gloucester karakterleri incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.

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Cite This Article

Kurtuluş, G. (2019). A Divine Cause for Abandoning Reason in Shakespeare’s King Lear. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 18 Özel Sayı, 150–158. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.595324

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