Journals / Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1

Supply Methods and Usage Areas of Pack and Mount Animals as Logistic Elements in the Eastern Frontier Units of the Roman Empire

Roma’nın Doğu Sınır Birliklerinde Lojistik Unsur Olarak Yük ve Binek Hayvanlarının Temin Yöntemleri ve Kullanım Alanları

Abdurrahman Uzunaslan(GAZİANTEP ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-8964-3317
Erdal Kaya(GAZİANTEP ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-0090-9738
Pages
178–196
Publication Date
2025-01-28
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study reveals the details of the methods by which the pack and mount animals needed by the frontier units were supplied during the military operations of Rome in the east, in the light of ancient sources, epigraphic materials and modern literature.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Throughout the republican and imperial eras, the most important element of the Roman Army and fighting force was strong pack and mount animals.
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Key Findings & Data:However, it is known that a significant number of different types of animals were used for transportation and transport purposes, carrying war materials, provisions, tents and other loads of the army.
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Conclusion & Impact:This study reveals the details of the methods by which the pack and mount animals needed by the frontier units were supplied during the military operations of Rome in the east, in the light of ancient sources, epigraphic materials and modern literature.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Roma Ordusu · Doğu sınır Birlikleri · Yük ve Binek Hayvanı

Abstract

Throughout the republican and imperial eras, the most important element of the Roman Army and fighting force was strong pack and mount animals. Among these, the first priority was undoubtedly the cavalry horses. However, it is known that a significant number of different types of animals were used for transportation and transport purposes, carrying war materials, provisions, tents and other loads of the army. The Roman Empire developed different methods of supplying pack animals and mounts needed by the frontier units serving in different geographies. Especially in times of peace, it appears that a serious and regular organization was planned to ensure a regular supply of livestock. The most important purpose of the organization in question was to carefully select healthy and strong animals needed in the army and then train them to make them ready for war. However, it should be emphasized that these rules are more flexible in times of emergency such as war and rebellion. For this reason, when the army's urgent needs and qualified animal reserves were decreasing, Rome resorted to different supply methods. The most common methods are purchase or seizure by force, provision through mutual agreement or loot, and aid from allies. The methods of procurement listed here can be proven especially through epigraphic documents. This study reveals the details of the methods by which the pack and mount animals needed by the frontier units were supplied during the military operations of Rome in the east, in the light of ancient sources, epigraphic materials and modern literature.

Özet

Cumhuriyet ve İmparatorluk dönemleri boyunca Roma ordusu ve savaş gücünün en önemli unsurunu güçlü yük ve binek hayvanları oluşturmuştur. Bunlar arasında birinci önceliği, şüphesiz süvari atları almıştır. Bununla birlikte, ulaşım ve nakliye amacıyla kullanılan ve savaş gereçlerini, erzak, çadır ve ordunun diğer yüklerini taşıyan önemli sayıda ve farklı türde hayvanın kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Roma İmparatorluğu, farklı coğrafyalarda görev yapan sınır birliklerinin ihtiyaç duyduğu yük ve binek hayvanları için farklı temin yöntemleri geliştirmiştir. Özellikle barış dönemlerinde, düzenli hayvan tedarikini sağlamak için ciddi ve düzenli bir organizasyonun planlandığı görülmektedir. Söz konusu organizasyonun en önemli amacı, orduda ihtiyaç duyulan sağlıklı ve yeterli güce sahip hayvanları özenle seçmek ve ardından savaşa hazır hâle getirecek eğitimlerden geçirmekti. Ancak, savaş ve isyanların yaşandığı olağanüstü zamanlarda bu kuralların daha esnek olduğunu vurgulamak gerekir. Bu nedenle ordunun acil ihtiyaçları ve nitelikli hayvan rezervinin azaldığı durumlarda Roma, farklı temin yöntemlerine de başvurmuştur. Söz konusu yöntemler arasında en yaygın olanlar; satın alma veya zorla el koyma, karşılıklı anlaşma veya ganimet yoluyla temin, ayrıca müttefiklerden gelen yardımlar şeklinde sıralanabilir. Burada sıralanan temin yöntemleri özellikle epigrafik belgeler yoluyla ispatlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Roma’nın doğuda yaptığı askerî operasyonlar sırasında, sınır birliklerinin ihtiyaç duyduğu yük ve binek hayvanlarının hangi yöntemlerle tedarik edildiğine ilişkin ayrıntıları; antik kaynaklar, epigrafik materyaller ve modern literatür ışığında ortaya koymaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Uzunaslan, A., Kaya, E. (2025). Supply Methods and Usage Areas of Pack and Mount Animals as Logistic Elements in the Eastern Frontier Units of the Roman Empire. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 178–196. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1583845

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