Journals / OANNES - Uluslararası Eskiçağ Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi / 2022 / Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 2

Political Power and Victory Coins in the Visual Propaganda of the Principatus Period

Principatus Dönemi Görsel Propagandasında Politik Güç ve Zafer Sikkeleri

Pages
353–378
Publication Date
2022-10-19
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this study, the image of power, i.e. visual propaganda, during the Principate was discussed, and the coin samples of each emperor, which stood out mainly with military victories, were examined and their policies were tried to be evaluated.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Coins, which were part of daily life in Principate like during the Republic as they were used by common people in transactions or the state to pay the salaries of soldiers, were also one of the most convenient tools used for visual propaganda in Rome.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Raised close to a competent leader like Caesar, Octavian was inspired by Caesar’s strategic practices and propaganda on one hand, and learned from his guardian Caesar’s mistakes and determined his own strategic moves more carefully and applied them step by step, when it was his time of rule, on the other.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In this study, the image of power, i.e. visual propaganda, during the Principate was discussed, and the coin samples of each emperor, which stood out mainly with military victories, were examined and their policies were tried to be evaluated.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Propaganda · Görsel Propaganda · Principatus

Abstract

Coins, which were part of daily life in Principate like during the Republic as they were used by common people in transactions or the state to pay the salaries of soldiers, were also one of the most convenient tools used for visual propaganda in Rome. Although they were used as a tool of propaganda towards the end of the Republican Era, coins were never became an effective and systematic propaganda tool as much as during the reign of Octavian. Raised close to a competent leader like Caesar, Octavian was inspired by Caesar’s strategic practices and propaganda on one hand, and learned from his guardian Caesar’s mistakes and determined his own strategic moves more carefully and applied them step by step, when it was his time of rule, on the other. Octavian’s especially manipulative policy regarding coins were continued almost unchanged under his emperor successors; they used the powerful written and visual language on coins in order to maintain the legitimacy and continuity of their rule. In that regard, the coin language gained a more distinct identity with the personification and explanatory inscriptions used on the coins from the very beginning of Principate, while it has also ceased to be an object that only the educated can understand. The emperor portraits on the coins have also been the mirror of symbolic power in the recognition of the emperor, the only power of Rome, both in the lands under the dominion and in the foreign states. In this study, the image of power, i.e. visual propaganda, during the Principate was discussed, and the coin samples of each emperor, which stood out mainly with military victories, were examined and their policies were tried to be evaluated.

Özet

Roma’da, Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde olduğu gibi Principatus Dönemi’nde de gerek halk tarafından alım satım işlerinde kullanılması gerek askerlere maaş olarak ödenmesi bakımından günlük yaşamın bir parçası olan sikkeler, görsel propaganda için yararlanılan en uygun araçlar arasında yer almıştır. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin sonuna doğru bir propaganda aracı olarak kullanılmış olmasına rağmen sikkeler hiçbir zaman Octavianus’da olduğu kadar etkili ve sistematik bir propaganda aracı haline gelmemiştir. Caesar gibi yetkin bir liderin yakınında yetişen Octavianus, bir taraftan Caesar’in stratejik uygulama ve propagandalarından ilham alırken, diğer taraftan iktidar sırasının kendisine geldiğini düşündüğünde, vasisi Caesar’in hatalarından ders çıkarmış ve kendi stratejik hamlelerini daha dikkatli bir biçimde belirleyerek adım adım sergilemiştir. Octavianus’un özellikle sikkelerle ilgili manipülatif politikası diğer imparatorlar tarafından da neredeyse aynı ağırlıkta devam etmiş ve onların da hem iktidarlarının meşruluğunu hem de iktidarlarının devamlılığını sağlamak amacıyla sikkelerdeki yazılı ve görsel dili güçlü bir biçimde kullandıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Principatus Dönemi’nin başından itibaren sikkelerde kullanılan personifikasyon ve açıklayıcı yazılarla sikke dili, daha belirgin bir kimlik kazanırken sadece eğitimli zümrenin anlayacağı bir obje olmaktan da çıkarılmıştır. Sikkeler üzerindeki imparator portreleri de gerek hâkimiyet altındaki topraklarda gerek dış devletlerde, Roma’nın tek erki olan imparatorun tanınmasında simgesel gücün aynası olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Principatus Dönemi boyunca güç imajı, başka bir ifadeyle görsel propaganda ele alınırken, ağırlıklı olarak askeri zaferlerle öne çıkan her bir imparatorun sikke örnekleri incelenerek politikaları değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

AYDEMİR, L. (2022). Political Power and Victory Coins in the Visual Propaganda of the Principatus Period. OANNES - Uluslararası Eskiçağ Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 2, 353–378. https://ajindex.com/articles/584945

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (24)

  1. Augustus, 1967.
  2. Res Gestae Divi Augusti, The Achievement of the Divine Augustus, Trans.: P. A. Brunt, J. M. Moore, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Cassius Dio, 1916- 1955. Dio’s Roman History, Vol. IV, Books 41-45,
  3. Vol. V, Books 46-50,
  4. Vol. VI, Books 51-55,
  5. Vol. VII, Books 56-60,
  6. Vol. VIII, Books 61-70,
  7. Vol. IX, Books 71-80, Trans.: Earnest Cary, The Loeb Classical Library, William Heinemann, London, Harvard University Press,
  8. Massachusetts, G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York. Cicero, 1957.
  9. Philippics, Trans.: Walter C. A. Ker, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press,
  10. Cambridge, Massachusetts, William Heinemann Ltd, London. Herodian, 1980.
  11. Vol. II, Books 5-8, Trans.: C.R. Whittaker, The Loeb Classical Library, William Heinemann, London, Harvard University Press,
  12. Cambridge. Herodian, Vol. I, Books 1-5, Kaynak: https://www.livius.org/sources/content/herodian-s-roman-history/ (Çevrimiçi: 30.11.2021). Historia Augusta, 1991-1993,
  13. Vol. I, II. Trans.: David Magie, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. Kutsal Kitap Eski ve Yeni Antlaşma, 2002.
  14. Yeni Yaşam Yayınları, İstanbul. Plutarch, 1920. Plutarch’s Lives: Demetrius and Antony, Pyrrhus and Caius Marius, Vol. IX, Trans.: Bernadotte Perrin, The Loeb Classical Library, William Heinemann, London, G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York. Strabon, 2000. Geographika: Antik Anadolu Coğrafyası, XII-XIV, Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, İstanbul. Suetonius, 1914-1920. The Lives of Caesars: Julius, Augustus, Tiberius, Gaius, Caligula, Vol. I, Books 1-4,
  15. Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, Domitianus,Vol. II. Books 5-8, Trans.: J. C. Rolfe, The Loeb Classical Library, William Heinemann, London, Putnam's Sons, New York. Tacitus, 2004.
  16. The Annals, Trans.: A. J. Woodman, Hackett Publishing Company, Cambridge. AYDEMİR, L.,2012. Roma İmparatorluğu Zafer Sikkeleri (M.Ö. 27-M.S. 235), Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi,
  17. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çanakkale. BAYDUR, N., 1998.
  18. Roma Sikkeleri, Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları,
  19. İstanbul.
  20. BENNETT, J., 2005.
  21. Trajan Optimus Princeps, Routledge, London and New York. BIRLEY, A. R., 2001.
  22. Marcus Aurelius a Biography, Routledge, New York. BIRLEY, A. R., 2002. Septimius Severus: The African Emperor, Routledge, London and New York. BOND, S. M., 1957. “The Coinage of the Early Roman Empire”, Greece & Rome, Second Series, Vol. 4, No. 2, ss. 149-159.
  23. BRYANT, E. E., 1895. The Reign of Antoninus Pius, Cambridge University Press,
  24. London. CAMPBELL, B., 2