Journals / Epilepsi / 2021 / Cilt: 27 - Sayı: 3

Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus Features with Electroencephalography Monitoring in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Study

Nörolojik Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde EEG Monitorizasyonuyla Nonkonvülzif Status Epileptikus Özellikleri: İleriye Yönelik Bir Çalışma

Journal
Epilepsi
Pages
183–191
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, EmEEG is a useful tool for NCSE screening in NICU patients at the early phase of changes in consciousness.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objectives: Since non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a reversible cause of coma and/or change in consciousness in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU), its early diagnosis and treatment are necessary.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: In 40 consecutive patients who were admitted to the NICU and whose reason for the altered mental status could not be explained, 30 min EmEEG and cEEG starting in the first 24 h were performed and their clinical features, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), four score (FS), and prognosis were noted.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, EmEEG is a useful tool for NCSE screening in NICU patients at the early phase of changes in consciousness.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objectives: Since non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a reversible cause of coma and/or change in consciousness in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU), its early diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Continuous electroencephalography monitoring (cEEG) is an important diagnostic tool, but since access to cEEG may be limited, it is critical to choose which patients will be referred to cEEG for diagnosing NCSE. In our study, we aimed to investigate patients with an unexplained altered level of consciousness who should be directed to cEEG according to clinical features and emergency EEG (EmEEG) features. Methods: In 40 consecutive patients who were admitted to the NICU and whose reason for the altered mental status could not be explained, 30 min EmEEG and cEEG starting in the first 24 h were performed and their clinical features, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), four score (FS), and prognosis were noted. Results: The frequency of NCSE was 22.5%. cEEG did not detected NCSE in patients who were not diagnosed in the EmEEG. No causality relationship was found between NCSE etiology, low GCS score, low FS, and the level of consciousness. The 55% of the NCSE patients had minor motor movements. The poor prognosis was 55% in the NCSE patients, but it did not differ significantly from the non-NCSE patients. In conclusion, EmEEG is a useful tool for NCSE screening in NICU patients at the early phase of changes in consciousness. Apart from minor motor movements, clinical and history characteristics do not predict the high NCSE risk. The unfavorable prognosis is probably related to the underlying etiology and is not affected by the presence of NCSE. Conclusion: When there is no access to cEEG, EmEEG may be helpful for the diagnosis of NCSE in the early clinical period. The presence of minor motor movements and EmEEG findings together can be useful tools to guide high-risk patients with NCSE to cEEG monitoring.

Özet

Amaç: Nörolojik yoğun bakım ünitesinde (NYBÜ), nonkonvülzif status epileptikus (NKSE) geri dönüşümlü bir koma ve/veya bilinç değişikliği nedeni olduğu için erken tanı konulup tedavi edilmelidir. Devamlı EEG monitorizasyonu (cEEG) gerekli olabilecek bir tanı aracıdır, ancak cEEG’ye erişim sınırlı olabileceğinden, NKSE teşhisi için hangi hastaların cEEG’ye yönlendirileceğini seçmek kritiktir. Çalışmamızda, klinik özelliklere ve acil EEG özelliklerine göre cEEG’ye yönlendirilmesi gereken açıklanamayan bilinç bozukluğu olan hastaları araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Nörolojik yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edilen ve bilinç bozukluğunun nedeni açıklanamayan 40 ardışık hastaya ilk 24 saatte başlayan acil 30 dakikalık rutin EEG ve cEEG yapıldı. Klinik özellikleri, Glasgow koma skoru (GKS), FOUR Skor (FS) ve prognoz not edildi. Bulgular: Nonkonvülzif status epileptikus sıklığı %22.5’ti. Acil 30 dakikalık EEG’de NKSE saptanmayan hastalarda, cEEG de NKSE tespit etmedi. Etiyoloji, düşük GKS skoru, düşük FS ve düşük bilinç düzeyi ile NKSE arasında nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmadı. NKSE hastalarının %55’inde minör motor hareketler vardı. Kötü prognoz, NKSE hastalarında %55’ti, ancak NKSE olmayan hastalardan istatistiksel olarak farklı değildi. Sonuç: Acil EEG, NYBÜ hastalarında bilinç değişikliklerinin erken evresinde NKSE taraması için yararlı bir araçtır. Minör motor hareketler dışında, klinik ve geçmiş özellikler yüksek NKSE riskini öngörmez. Olumsuz prognoz muhtemelen altta yatan etiyoloji ile ilişkilidir ve NKSE’nin varlığından etkilenmez. cEEG’ye erişim olmadığında, acil EEG, erken klinik dönemde NKSE tanısı için yardımcı olabilir. Minör motor hareketlerin ve acil EEG bulgularının birlikte varlığı, NKSE için yüksek riskli hastaları cEEG izlemeye yönlendirmek için yararlı araçlar olabilir.

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Cite This Article

ŞİRİN, H., ŞİRİN, T. C., BADEMKIRAN, F. (2022). Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus Features with Electroencephalography Monitoring in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Study. Epilepsi, Cilt: 27 - Sayı: 3, 183–191. https://ajindex.com/articles/501608

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