AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightSince the 1980s, members of the department have played leading roles in many initiatives and activities that impacted the professional context, such as the establishment of Industrial Designers’ Society of Turkey (ETMK) (1988); the development of Design Turkey Industrial Design Awards (2008), and the establishment of Industrial Designers’ Commission to define professional rights and standards of industrial designers within the Chamber of Architects (2016).
📌 3 Key Takeaways
Abstract
This article periodically investigates the historical development of industrial design education at Middle East Technical University (METU) and the contribution of the Department of Industrial Design to the professional context. The study also briefly reviews the political and economic factors affecting the beginning and development of industrial design education and profession in Turkey. The article explains how the department’s educational approach, curriculum, activities, and the pedagogical strategies it has developed in doing all these have evolved over time, by acknowledging the contributions of the educators in the process, and mentioning the factors affecting the professional milieu. The multiple beginnings of industrial design education in Turkey and more than 50 years of history of this field at METU are traced based on event records made in various years, interviews, internal documents, literature, state archives and newspaper archives. Since the authors themselves have witnessed the history of the department to a great extent, this study also carries the characteristics of an autoethnographic narrative. The article argues that industrial design education in Turkey is based on three ecoles, which are the “Academy,” the “Applied- Arts,” and the “Middle-East”; unlike the Academy and the Applied-Arts ecoles that have developed in İstanbul, METU Department of Industrial Design has been positioned as the generator of the Middle-East ecole within the distinctive institutional culture of METU, established in Ankara, the capital of the Republic, in 1956 as an international campus university with education in English. Since industrial design education found its raison d’etre within the modernization mission of Turkey, METU, a university founded with an innovative approach, has provided a fertile ground for industrial design education, and the department has proceeded by leaning on the critical thinking approach that METU considers as essential. In the early years, the department developed a unique educational approach and curriculum in a gradually evolving structure, with its teaching staff coming from diverse backgrounds, by including the student as an actor in the process. METU’s nonhierarchical, egalitarian approach to governance has also been evident in the department. The younger generations who joined the department had the opportunity to develop themselves rapidly due to having equal responsibility and right to speak about educational matters. The founders, the first-generation core staff, handed over their administrative positions to the younger generation in a relatively early period, in the 1990s. During its foundation years, with its leading core staff, the department focused on structuring the education of a brand-new profession within the university system by bringing together different specializations. In the following years, the department created a research culture with the inclusion of the newly graduated academic generation as staff members, influenced the professional context by organizing local and international activities, and developed its educational approach and methods by getting continuous feedback from the field through its increasing collaborations with the industry. One of the major sources of the department for collaboration is its graduates. Having important roles in various sectors, the graduates bring their collaboration proposals to the department in graduation or term projects. Also, the graduates who have achieved international recognition abroad, working in global companies, or successfully running their own design consultancies, continue to carry the department’s domestic influence abroad. The academic infrastructure of the department is continuously updated by the expertise of faculty members who have done doctoral or post-doctoral research abroad. The department guides the academic agenda in its field with the national and international events it organizes such as Design, Industry and Turkey International Symposium (1994), Design & Emotion Conference (2004), DRS Learn X Design Conference (2019) and the National Design Research Conference (UTAK) series (since 2014). Since the 1980s, members of the department have played leading roles in many initiatives and activities that impacted the professional context, such as the establishment of Industrial Designers’ Society of Turkey (ETMK) (1988); the development of Design Turkey Industrial Design Awards (2008), and the establishment of Industrial Designers’ Commission to define professional rights and standards of industrial designers within the Chamber of Architects (2016).
Özet
Bu makale, ODTÜ Endüstriyel Tasarım Bölümünün tarihsel gelişimini ve meslek ortamına katkısını dönemsel olarak incelemektedir. Araştırma, Türkiye’de endüstriyel tasarım eğitiminin ve mesleğinin başlangıcını ve gelişimini etkileyen siyasi ve ekonomik etmenlere de değinerek, bölümün eğitim yaklaşımının, müfredatının, düzenlediği etkinliklerin ve geliştirdiği pedagojik stratejilerin zaman içinde nasıl evrildiğini süreçteki eğitimcilerin katkılarına ve meslek ortamındaki değişimlere değinerek aktarmaktadır. Türkiye’de endüstriyel tasarım eğitiminin çoğul başlangıçları ve ODTÜ’de bu alanın 50 yılı aşan tarihi, etkinlik ve görüşme kayıtlarından, kurum içi belgelerden, alanyazından, devlet arşivlerinden ve gazete arşivlerinden yararlanarak temellendirilmiştir. Yazarlarının bölümün tarihine önemli oranda tanıklık etmiş olmalarından dolayı bu çalışma, otoetnografik bir anlatı niteliği de taşımaktadır. Makale, Türkiye’de endüstriyel tasarım eğitiminin “Akademi,” “Tatbiki” ve “Ortadoğu” ekolleri olmak üzere üç ekole dayandığını öne sürmekte; ODTÜ Endüstriyel Tasarım Bölümünü — İstanbul’da gelişen Akademi ve Tatbiki ekollerinden farklı olarak— Cumhuriyetin başkenti Ankara’da 1956’da kurulan bir yerleşke üniversitesinin özgün kurumsal kültürü içinde Ortadoğu ekolünün yaratıcısı olarak konumlandırmaktadır. Türkiye’nin modernleşme hedeflerinde varlık bulan endüstriyel tasarım eğitimi, yenilikçi bir yaklaşım ile kurulan ODTÜ’de uygun bir gelişme ortamı bulmuş; bölüm, ODTÜ’nün temel aldığı eleştirel düşünme yaklaşımına dayanarak yol almıştır. Bölüm, kuruluş yıllarında öncü çekirdek kadrosuyla yepyeni bir mesleğin eğitimini farklı uzmanlıkları bir araya getirerek kurgulamaya odaklanırken, ilerleyen yıllarda, yeni mezun akademisyen kuşakların katılmasıyla bir araştırma kültürü oluşturmuş, düzenlediği yerel ve uluslararası etkinlikler ile alanı yönlendirmiş, endüstri ile yaptığı giderek artan iş birlikleri sayesinde meslek ortamından sürekli geri bildirim alarak eğitim yaklaşımını ve yöntemlerini geliştirmiştir. Bölümün akademik altyapısı, yurtdışında akademik deneyim kazanarak dönen öğretim üyelerinin uzmanlıklarının mevcut eğitim pratikleriyle ve araştırma konularıyla harmanlanması yoluyla sürekli güncellenmiştir. Bölüm üyeleri, 1980’li yıllardan itibaren meslek ortamına yön veren birçok oluşumda ve etkinlikte lider rol oynamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: