Journals / Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences / 2014 / Cilt: 11 - Sayı: 3

Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic and Nickel Content of Toy Samples Marketed in Turkey

Türkiye'de Satılan Oyuncak Numunelerinin Kurşun, Kadmiyum, Arsenik ve Nikel İçeriği

Pages
263–268
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These experimental evidences suggest that surveillance on toys for their metal levels should be done regularly for children’s safety

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and nickel (Ni) have been used for different purposes in industry.
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Key Findings & Data:A total number of nine toys manufactured by six different countries were purchased and analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Pb, Cd, Ni and As leached from dresses of samples.The results were as follows: Pb levels were ranged from 0.03 to 1.78, Cd was from 0.37 to 21.11, Ni was from 0.37 to 21.11 mg/kg and As was under the detection limit.
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Conclusion & Impact:These experimental evidences suggest that surveillance on toys for their metal levels should be done regularly for children’s safety
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and nickel (Ni) have been used for different purposes in industry. These metals can be found in the colourful components of toys such as clothes. Due to the fact that these metals cause different health problems, the usage of them in industry is still continuing to be regulated strictly. The aim of this study was to investigate the leaching of the above mentioned metals from dresses of toy samples marketed in Turkey. A total number of nine toys manufactured by six different countries were purchased and analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Pb, Cd, Ni and As leached from dresses of samples.The results were as follows: Pb levels were ranged from 0.03 to 1.78, Cd was from 0.37 to 21.11, Ni was from 0.37 to 21.11 mg/kg and As was under the detection limit. According to the measurements, Pb levels of all toy samples were below the levels stated in Turkish Standards Institute (TSE) but one sample’s result was high. Cd and As levels were observed to be far below the threshold limis stated at TSE standard. There is no limit value for Ni in that standard. In spite of international regulations, some of toy samples can include significant amount of metals. These experimental evidences suggest that surveillance on toys for their metal levels should be done regularly for children’s safety

Özet

Kurşun (Pb), kadmiyum (Cd), arsenik (As) ve nikel (Ni) gibi ağır metaller farklı amaçlarda sanayide kullanılmaktadır. Bu metaller oyuncaklarda elbise malzemesi gibi özellikle renkli bileşenlerde bulunabilmektedir. Bu metallerin farklı sağlık sorunlarına neden olduğu gerçeği nedeniyle sanayi sektöründe kullanımları çok sıkı düzenlemeler ile devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de pazarlanan oyuncak örneklerinin elbiselerinde yukarıda belirtilen metallerin düzeyinin ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Altı farklı ülke tarafından üretilen dokuz oyuncak bebeğin elbise kısmında Pb, Cd, Ni ve As düzeyleri atomik absorpsiyon spektrometresi ile incelenmiştir. Pb düzeyi 0.03 - 1.78 mg/kg, Cd 0.37 - 21.11 mg/kg, Ni 0.37 - 21.11 mg/kg ve As düzeyi ölçülebilir limitin altında tespit edilmiştir. Ölçümlere göre, sadece bir oyuncak örneğinin Pb düzeyi Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE) tarafından belirtilen düzeyin üzerinde bulunmuştur. Cd ve As için değerler, TSE sınır düzeylerinin altında bulunmuştur. Ni için TSE tarafından hiçbir sınır değer belirtilmemiştir. Uluslararası düzenlemelere rağmen, bazı oyuncak örnekleri önemli miktarda ağır metal içerebilmektedir. Bu çalışma sonucunda çocukların güvenliği için oyuncakların metal seviyelerinin düzenli olarak izlenmesi gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır

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Cite This Article

CHAREHSAZ, M., GÜVEN, D., BAKANOĞLU, A., CELİK, H., CEYHAN, R., EROL, D. D., AYDIN, A. (2014). Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic and Nickel Content of Toy Samples Marketed in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cilt: 11 - Sayı: 3, 263–268. https://ajindex.com/articles/403995

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