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Journals / Türk Psikoloji Dergisi / 2007 / Cilt: 22 - Sayı: 60

Prediction of Fluid Intelligence in First Graders from Processing Speed, Short-Term Memory, and Working Memory Capacity

Çocuklarda Akıcı Zekanın (Gf) Bilgi İşleme Hızı, Kısa Süreli Bellek ve Çalışma Belleği Kapasitesi ile İlişkisi

İ. Ercan ALP
Burcu ÖZDEMİR ÖĞÜT
Pages
1–23
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These results confirmed that, as was found earlier with adult participants, also in children relatively pure measures of speed are unrelated to Gf, and any relation between speed and Gfis due to confounding by other factor(s), most notably controlled attention (WMC), in its measurement.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Sixty eight Grade 1 pupils were administered seven speed tasks of varying levels of complexity to measure processing speed, Forward and Backward Digit Span tests to measure short-term (STM) and working memory capacity (WMC), respectively, and the Nonverbal Battery of CogAT™ to measure fluid intelligence (Gf).
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Key Findings & Data:As predicted, (1) the strength of the relation between speed and Gf decreased with decreasing complexity of the speed measures and (2) when the contributions by all of the independent variables were simultaneously considered, only WMC predicted Gf Consistent with the predictions, however, the most complex speed measure, the conceptual choice RT, also tended to predict Gf.
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Conclusion & Impact:These results confirmed that, as was found earlier with adult participants, also in children relatively pure measures of speed are unrelated to Gf, and any relation between speed and Gfis due to confounding by other factor(s), most notably controlled attention (WMC), in its measurement.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Sixty eight Grade 1 pupils were administered seven speed tasks of varying levels of complexity to measure processing speed, Forward and Backward Digit Span tests to measure short-term (STM) and working memory capacity (WMC), respectively, and the Nonverbal Battery of CogAT™ to measure fluid intelligence (Gf). Four speed measures were derived from the scores on the speed tasks: in ascending order of complexity; simple RT, perceptual choice RT, visual search RT, and conceptual choice RT. As predicted, (1) the strength of the relation between speed and Gf decreased with decreasing complexity of the speed measures and (2) when the contributions by all of the independent variables were simultaneously considered, only WMC predicted Gf Consistent with the predictions, however, the most complex speed measure, the conceptual choice RT, also tended to predict Gf. Furthermore, there was no evidence for speed to indirectly predict Gf via mediation of WMC. These results confirmed that, as was found earlier with adult participants, also in children relatively pure measures of speed are unrelated to Gf, and any relation between speed and Gfis due to confounding by other factor(s), most notably controlled attention (WMC), in its measurement.

Özet

Altmış sekiz birinci sınıf öğrencisine, değişik karmaşıklık düzeylerinde yedi bilgi işleme hızı testi, kısa süreli bellek ve çalışma belleği (ÇB) kapasitelerini ölçmek için, sırasıyla, düz ve ters sayı dizisi testleri, ve akıcı zeka (Gf) ölçeği olarak da CogAT™'nin Sözel Olmayan Bataryası (Nonverbal Battery) uygulanmıştır. Hız testlerinden alınan puanlardan dört hız değişkeni türetilmiştir: En basitten eri karmaşığa doğru sırasıyla, yalın tepki süresi, algısal seçmeli tepki süresi, görsel arama tepki süresi, ve kavramsal seçmeli tepki süresi (KSTS). Beklentiler doğrultusunda, (1) Gf ile dört farklı bilgi işleme hızı puanları arasındaki ilişkinin gücünün, hız ölçümünde kullanılan testlerin karmaşıklığındaki azalmaya bağlı olarak azaldığı, ve (2) tüm bağımsız değişkenlerin katkılarının birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, Gf'yi yalnızca ÇB kapasitesinin yordadığı bulunmuştur. Ancak, beklentiler ile uyumlu olarak, en karmaşık hız ölçeği olan KSTS'nin de Gf'nin yordanmasında bir katkısının olabileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, hızın Gf'yi ÇB kapasitesinin aracılığı ile dolaylı olarak yordadığı denencesini destekleyecek herhangi bir sonuç bulunmamıştır. Bu sonuçlar, daha önce yetişkinlerde gözlenmiş olan, bilgi işleme hızının göreceli olarak yalın testler ile ölçülmesi durumunda akıcı zekayı yordamadığı bulgusunun, çocuklar için de geçerli olduğu ve hız ile Gf arasındaki olası ilişkinin, hızın ölçümünde etkili olan karıştıcı değişkenlerin (confounding variables), en belirgin olarak da kontrol edilebilen dikkat'in (ÇB kapasitesi), sonucu olduğu görüşünü desteklemektedir.

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Cite This Article

ALP, İ. E., ÖĞÜT, B. Ö. (2007). Prediction of Fluid Intelligence in First Graders from Processing Speed, Short-Term Memory, and Working Memory Capacity. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 22 - Sayı: 60, 1–23. https://ajindex.com/articles/357867

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