Metal Additive Manufactured Functionally Graded Structures

Objective & Hypothesis:Functionally graded structure (FGS) is a type of material where microstructure, porosity or chemical composition is gradually changing across the volume of the material so that multiple physical properties not possible within the same part made by conventional material processing techniques can be achieved.

📊

Key Findings & Data:Metal FGSs can be produced with different conventional manufacturing processes but recent advances in Additive Manufacturing (AM) enable the production of different type of FGSs with the possibility of production of complex shapes, low cost for prototyping, minimum tooling, high accuracy and high repeatability.

💡

Conclusion & Impact:A detailed review of researches on metal AM of FGSs and their usage in different industries will be presented in this paper.

🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey

📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample

⚙️Variables:İşlevsel olarak derecelendirilmiş yapılar · eklemeli imalat · seçmeli lazer ergitme

Abstract

Functionally graded structure (FGS) is a type of material where microstructure, porosity or chemical composition is gradually changing across the volume of the material so that multiple physical properties not possible within the same part made by conventional material processing techniques can be achieved. Metal FGSs can be produced with different conventional manufacturing processes but recent advances in Additive Manufacturing (AM) enable the production of different type of FGSs with the possibility of production of complex shapes, low cost for prototyping, minimum tooling, high accuracy and high repeatability. The present paper focuses on the recent advances in metal AM of FGSs. A detailed review of researches on metal AM of FGSs and their usage in different industries will be presented in this paper.

Özet

İşlevsel olarak derecelendirilmiş yapılar (İDY), konvansiyonel malzeme işleme yöntemleri ile elde edilemeyen, aynı parça içerisinde birden çok fiziksel özelliğin elde edilebilmesi için mikroyapı, gözeneklilik veya kimyasal kompozisyonun, malzemenin hacmi boyunca kademeli olarak değiştiği bir malzeme çeşididir. Metal İDY, farklı konvansiyonel üretim yöntemleri ile üretilebilmektedir fakat Eklemeli İmalat (Eİ) konusunda son zamanlarda elde edilen gelişmeler, karmaşık şekillerin üretilebilme ihtimali, düşük prototipleme maliyetleri, asgari kalıp üretimi, yüksek hassasiyet ve işlemin yüksek tekrar edilebilme özelliklerinden dolayı, farklı türlerde İDY’lerin üretilebilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Eİ ile üretilen metal İDY’ler konusunda son yıllarda elde edilen gelişmelere odaklanılmıştır. Eİ ile üretilen metal İDY’lerin detaylı literatür taraması ve farklı endüstrilerde kullanımı bu çalışmada anlatılacaktır.

Keywords

İşlevsel olarak derecelendirilmiş yapılar eklemeli imalat seçmeli lazer ergitme Functionally graded structure additive manufacturing selective laser melting

🔖

Cite This Article

GÜLCAN, O., ŞİMŞEK, U., KAVAS, B. (2021). Metal Additive Manufactured Functionally Graded Structures. Mühendis ve Makina, Cilt: 62 - Sayı: 702, 1–22. https://ajindex.com/articles/289353

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

Open in New Tab ↗

↗New Tab

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (11)

Mahamood, R. M., Akinlabi, E. T. 2017.
Functionally graded materials, ISBN: 978-3-319-85236-2
Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. Sha, Y., Jiani, L., Haoyu, C., Ritchie, R. O., Jun, X. 2018. “Design and strengthening mechanisms in hierarchical architected materials processed using additive manufacturing”. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 149, p. 150-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.09.038.
Stoner, B., Bartolai, J., Kaweesa, D. V., Meisel, N. A., Simpson, T. W. 2018. “Achieving functionally graded material composition through bicontinuous mesostructural geometry in material extrusion additive manufacturing”, JOM, vol. 70, p. 413-418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2669-z.
Popovich, V. A., Borisov, E. V., Popovich, A. A., Sufiiarov, V. S., Masaylo, D. V., Alzina, L. 2017. “Functionally graded Inconel 718 processed by additive manufacturing: Crystallographic texture, anisotropy of microstructure and mechanical properties”, Materials & Design, vol. 114, p. 441-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.10.075.
Naebe, M., Shirvanimoghaddam, K. 2016. “Functionally graded materials: A review of fabrication and properties”, Applied Materials Today, vol. 5, p. 223-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2016.10.001.
Popoola, P., Farotade, G., Fatoba, O., Popoola, O. 2016. “Laser engineering net shaping method in the area of development of functionally graded materials (FGSs) for aero engine applications - a review”, https://www.intechopen.com/books/fiber-laser/laser-engineering-net-shaping-method-in-the-area-of-development-of-functionally-graded-materials-fgm, son erişim tarihi: 21.08.2020.
Avila, J. D., Bose, S., Bandyopadhyay, A. 2018. Additive manufacturing of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical applications, Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications, Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials, ISBN: 978-3-319-91713-9,
Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. Herzog, D., Seyda, V., Wycisk, E., Emmelmann, C. 2016. “Additive manufacturing of metals”, Acta Materialia, vol. 117, p. 371-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.019.
Flores, I., Kretzschmar, N., Azman, A. H., Chekurov, S., Pedersen, D. B., Chaudhuri, A. 2020. “Implications of lattice structures on economics and productivity of metal powder bed fusion”, Additive Manufacturing, vol. 31, p. 100947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.100947.
Kieback, B., Neubrand, A., Riedel, H. 2003. “Processing techniques for functionally graded materials