Journals / Güncel Retina Dergisi / 2021 / Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 2

Leber Congenital Amaurosis

Leber Konjenital Amorozisi

Pages
173–184
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This review summarizes the genetic and pathophysiological basis, different genetic types and their clinical findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and current developments in the treatment of LCA/SECORD.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) is one of the most severe forms of hereditary retinal dystrophies described approximately 150 years ago and is a cause of vision loss early in childhood.
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Key Findings & Data:To date, there are 30 different genes determined to cause LCA/SECORD, and these genes are thought to account for approximately 70-80% of the disease spectrum.
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Conclusion & Impact:This review summarizes the genetic and pathophysiological basis, different genetic types and their clinical findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and current developments in the treatment of LCA/SECORD.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) is one of the most severe forms of hereditary retinal dystrophies described approximately 150 years ago and is a cause of vision loss early in childhood. Although LCA is characterized by wandering nystagmus, poor pupillary reflex (amaurotic pupils), and undetectable or severely abnormal ERG responses in infancy, there is a milder form called as Severe Early Childhood Onset Retinal Dystrophy (SECORD) presenting after infancy usually before the age of five. LCA and SECORD describe a clinically and genetically diverse group of diseases. To date, there are 30 different genes determined to cause LCA/SECORD, and these genes are thought to account for approximately 70-80% of the disease spectrum. In recent years, with the initial successful results reported in treatment with gene therapy, LCA/SECORD has become the focus of new researches. This review summarizes the genetic and pathophysiological basis, different genetic types and their clinical findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and current developments in the treatment of LCA/SECORD.

Özet

Leber Konjenital Amorozisi (LKA), yaklaşık 150 yıl önce tanımlanan ve erken çocuklukta görme kaybıyla sonuçlanan, kalıtsal retina distrofilerinin en şiddetli olanlarından biridir. Doğumdan beri olan ya da bebeklik çağında başlayan görme kaybı, arayıcı nistagmus, zayıf ışık refleksi (amorotik pupil) ve tespit edilemez ya da ciddi azalmış tam-alan (full-field) ERG yanıtlarıyla karakterize olan hastalığın daha geç yaşlarda (genellikle 5 yaşından önce) başlayan “Ciddi Erken Çocukluk Çağı Başlangıçlı Retinal Distrofi” (CEBARD) olarak isimlendirilen daha hafif formlarının olduğu da bilinmektedir. LKA ve CEBARD klinik ve genetik olarak geniş çeşitlilik gösteren bir hastalık grubunu tanımlamaktadır. Günümüzde LKA/CEBARD’a sebep olduğu belirlenen 30 farklı gen mevcuttur ve tespit edilen bu genlerin hastalık spektrumunun yaklaşık %70-80’ini kapsadığı düşünülmektedir. Son yıllarda gen terapisi ile LKA/CEBARD tedavisinde ilk başarılı sonuçların bildirilmeye başlanması, hastalık grubunu araştırmaların ilgi odağı haline getirmiştir. Bu derlemede, LKA/CEBARD hastalığının genetik ve patofizyolojik temelleri, farklı genetik tiplerinin klinik özellikleri, tanısı, ayırıcı tanısı ve tedavisindeki güncel gelişmeler özetlenmektedir.

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Cite This Article

SEVİK, M. O., ŞAHİN, Ö. (2021). Leber Congenital Amaurosis. Güncel Retina Dergisi, Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 2, 173–184. https://ajindex.com/articles/219675

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