Journals / Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Determination of the Effect of Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807) Crude Venom on Bcl-2 and Bax Genes Expression Levels in Colon Cancer Cell Line (HT-29) Using qPCR Method

Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807) Ham Zehirinin Kolon Kanseri Hücre Hattı (HT-29) Üzerindeki Bcl-2 ve Bax Genleri Expresyon Düzeylerine Etkisinin qPCR Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi

Name Perktaş Bağci(Kırıkkale University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology)0000-0002-9461-9861
Nazife Yiğit Kayhan(Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology,)0000-0002-8731-3362
İlkay Çorak Öca(Çankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology)0000-0003-1479-2697
Pages
65–71
Publication Date
2026-08-28
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Overall, these findings support the potential of A. crassicauda venom as a promising natural source of bioactive molecules for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly when diagnosed at advanced stages.
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Methods: This study investigated the in vitro cytotoxic effects of crude venom obtained from Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807) on human colorectal cancer cells.
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Conclusion & Impact:Overall, these findings support the potential of A. crassicauda venom as a promising natural source of bioactive molecules for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Androctonus crassicauda · akrep zehiri · kolorektal kanser

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly when diagnosed at advanced stages. The search for novel anticancer agents derived from natural products has attracted increasing attention, with scorpion venoms representing a promising source of biologically active compounds. Material and Methods: This study investigated the in vitro cytotoxic effects of crude venom obtained from Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807) on human colorectal cancer cells. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) were used as the experimental model, whereas human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) served as the non-cancerous control. Results: Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, and the halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values were determined to be 40.54 mg/mL for HT-29 cells and 57.30 mg/mL for HEK-293 cells. The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were further analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The analysis of gene expression levels using the qRT-PCR method showed that Bax gene expression decreased by approximately 0.25-fold in HT-29 cells compared with control group, whereas it increased approximately fivefold in HEK-293 cells. Similarly, Bcl-2 expression decreased to approximately 0.5-fold in HT-29 cells while increasing approximately 2.5- fold in HEK-293 cells. Conclusion: The lower IC₅₀ value observed in HT-29 cells indicates that Androctonus crassicauda crude venom exerts greater cytotoxic activity against colorectal cancer cells than against non-cancerous cells. Although the observed changes in apoptosis-related gene expression suggest that the venom modulates cellular death pathways, further studies are required to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and to identify the bioactive venom components responsible for these effects. Overall, these findings support the potential of A. crassicauda venom as a promising natural source of bioactive molecules for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.

Özet

Giriş: Kolorektal kanser, dünya çapında en sık görülen malignitelerden biridir ve özellikle ileri evrelerde teşhis edildiğinde kansere bağlı ölümlerin önde gelen nedenlerinden biri olmaya devam etmektedir. Doğal ürünlerden elde edilen yeni anti-kanser ajanların aranması giderek artan bir ilgi görmektedir ve akrep zehirleri, biyolojik olarak aktif bileşikler için umut vadeden bir kaynak olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Materyal ve Metodlar: Bu çalışma, Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807)’den elde edilen ham zehirin insan kolorektal kanser hücreleri üzerindeki in vitro sitotoksik etkilerini araştırmıştır. Deneysel model olarak insan kolorektal adenokarsinom hücreleri (HT-29) kullanılırken, kontrol olarak non-kanseröz insan embriyonik böbrek hücreleri (HEK293) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hücre canlılığı MTT testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve yarı maksimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (IC₅₀) değerleri HT-29 hücreleri için 40,54 mg/mL ve HEK-293 hücreleri için 57,30 mg/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. Apoptoz-ilişkili genlerin ekspresyon düzeyleri, kantitatif gerçek zamanlı PCR (qPCR) ile daha ayrıntılı olarak analiz edilmiştir. qRTPCR yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan gen ekspresyon düzeyleri analizi, Bax gen ekspresyonunun HT-29 hücrelerinde kontrol grubuna kıyasla yaklaşık 0,25 kat azaldığını, HEK-293 hücrelerinde ise yaklaşık beş kat arttığını göstermiştir. Benzer şekilde, Bcl-2 ekspresyonu HT-29 hücrelerinde yaklaşık 0,5 kat azalırken, HEK-293 hücrelerinde yaklaşık 2,5 kat artmıştır. Sonuç: HT-29 hücrelerinde gözlemlenen daha düşük IC₅₀ değeri, Androctonus crassicauda ham zehirinin, kanserli olmayan hücrelere kıyasla kolorektal kanser hücrelerine karşı daha yüksek sitotoksik aktivite gösterdiğini göstermektedir. Apoptoza bağlı gen ekspresyonundaki gözlemlenen değişiklikler, zehirin hücresel ölüm yolaklarını modüle ettiğini düşündürse de, altta yatan moleküler mekanizmaları aydınlatmak ve bu etkilerden sorumlu biyoaktif zehir bileşenlerini belirlemek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Genel olarak, bu bulgular, A. crassicauda zehrinin yeni anti-kanser terapötiklerin geliştirilmesi için umut vadeden doğal bir biyoaktif molekül kaynağı olarak potansiyelini desteklemektedir.

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Cite This Article

Bağci, N. P., Kayhan, N. Y., Öca, İ. Ç. (2026). Determination of the Effect of Androctonus crassicauda (Oliver, 1807) Crude Venom on Bcl-2 and Bax Genes Expression Levels in Colon Cancer Cell Line (HT-29) Using qPCR Method. Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 65–71. https://ajindex.com/articles/1647667

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