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Journals / Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

A Strategic Gasotransmitter in Fruit Vegetables: Molecular Mechanisms, Stress Tolerance and Application Protocols of Hydrogen Sulfide

Sebzelerde Stratejik Bir Gazotransmiter: Hidrojen Sülfürün Moleküler Mekanizmaları, Stres Toleransı ve Uygulama Protokolleri

Rana Baytin Alacı(VAN YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BAŞKALE MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, BİTKİSEL VE HAYVANSAL ÜRETİM BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-2814-2110
Adnan Doğan(VAN YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-8623-0629
Pages
39–52
Publication Date
2026-06-30
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Future research should prioritize: (1) elucidating the interactive networks between H2S and other gasotransmitters and hormones, (2) employing gene-editing technologies (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9) to fine-tune endogenous H₂S biosynthesis for targeted crop improvement, and (3) developing and standardizing robust, field-ready application protocols for commercial adoption.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been redefined in plant biology, evolving from a perceived metabolic toxicant to a versatile gasotransmitter and key signaling molecule.
📊
Key Findings & Data:This review provides a systematic analysis of H2S biosynthesis pathways, signal transduction mechanisms, and its intricate cross-talk with phytohormones in fruiting vegetables.
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Conclusion & Impact:Future research should prioritize: (1) elucidating the interactive networks between H2S and other gasotransmitters and hormones, (2) employing gene-editing technologies (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9) to fine-tune endogenous H₂S biosynthesis for targeted crop improvement, and (3) developing and standardizing robust, field-ready application protocols for commercial adoption.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Hidrojen sülfür · Gazotransmiter · Meyvesi yenen sebzeler

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been redefined in plant biology, evolving from a perceived metabolic toxicant to a versatile gasotransmitter and key signaling molecule. This review provides a systematic analysis of H2S biosynthesis pathways, signal transduction mechanisms, and its intricate cross-talk with phytohormones in fruiting vegetables. Evidence demonstrates that H2S orchestrates a profound reprogramming of cellular activity through protein persulfidation-a key post-translational modification that enhances antioxidant defenses and bolsters plant resilience against major abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and temperature fluctuations. Beyond stress tolerance, exogenous H2S applications play a decisive role in optimizing fruit development and quality. They positively modulate critical parameters such as the sugar-acid balance, antioxidant capacity, and pigment accumulation, while significantly extending postharvest shelf life by antagonizing ethylene-mediated senescence. The successful application of H2S as a biostimulant is governed by the hormesis principle: beneficial physiological responses are achieved at micromolar concentrations, whereas exceeding specific thresholds leads to phytotoxicity. Proven methodologies-including seed priming, foliar spraying, and root drenching—demonstrate significant potential to enhance yield and quality across vegetable species. However, field efficacy remains contingent upon donor compound stability and environmental interactions. Integrating H2S signaling into agricultural practice presents a strategic avenue for advancing sustainable production and food security. Future research should focus on the following priorities: (1) elucidating the interactive networks between H2S and other gasotransmitters and hormones, (2) employing gene-editing technologies (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9) to fine-tune endogenous H₂S biosynthesis for targeted crop improvement, and (3) developing and standardizing robust, field-ready application protocols for commercial adoption.Beyond stress tolerance, exogenous H2S applications play a decisive role in optimizing fruit development and quality. They positively modulate critical parameters such as the sugar-acid balance, antioxidant capacity, and pigment accumulation, while significantly extending postharvest shelf life by antagonizing ethylene-mediated senescence. The successful application of H2S as a biostimulant is governed by the hormesis principle: beneficial physiological responses are achieved at micromolar concentrations, whereas exceeding specific thresholds leads to phytotoxicity. Proven methodologies—including seed priming, foliar spraying, and root drenching—demonstrate significant potential to enhance yield and quality across vegetable species. However, field efficacy remains contingent upon donor compound stability and environmental interactions. Integrating H2S signaling into agricultural practice presents a strategic avenue for advancing sustainable production and food security. Future research should prioritize: (1) elucidating the interactive networks between H2S and other gasotransmitters and hormones, (2) employing gene-editing technologies (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9) to fine-tune endogenous H₂S biosynthesis for targeted crop improvement, and (3) developing and standardizing robust, field-ready application protocols for commercial adoption.

Özet

Hidrojen sülfür (H2S), son yıllarda bitki biyolojisinde yalnızca toksik bir gaz değil, aynı zamanda çok yönlü bir gazotransmiter olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu derleme, sebzelerde H2S’nin biyosentez yollarını, sinyal iletim mekanizmalarını ve hormonlarla kurduğu çapraz etkileşimleri sistematik biçimde incelemektedir. Bulgular, H2S’nin protein persülfidasyonu yoluyla enzim aktivitelerini yeniden programladığını, antioksidan savunmayı güçlendirdiğini ve abiyotik stres koşullarında (kuraklık, tuzluluk, ağır metal toksisitesi, sıcaklık dalgalanmaları) bitki dayanıklılığını artırdığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca H2S uygulamalarının meyve gelişimi, kalite parametreleri (şeker-asit dengesi, antioksidan kapasite, renk oluşumu) ve hasat sonrası raf ömrünü belirgin şekilde iyileştirdiği ortaya konmuştur. Uygulama protokollerinin sentezi, hormesis ilkesine dayalı dozaj optimizasyonunun kritik olduğunu göstermektedir: düşük konsantrasyonlarda biyostimülatör etki sağlanırken, eşik değerlerin aşılması fitotoksisiteye yol açmaktadır. Tohum priming, yaprak spreyi, kök uygulamaları ve hasat sonrası fümigasyon gibi yöntemler, farklı sebze türlerinde başarıyla uygulanmış ve verim ile kaliteyi artırmıştır. Bununla birlikte, saha koşullarında donör bileşiklerin stabilitesi, çevresel faktörler ve güvenlik protokolleri uygulama başarısını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Hidrojen sülfürün sebzelerde stratejik bir biyostimülatör olarak kullanımı, sürdürülebilir tarım ve gıda güvenliği açısından önemli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Gelecekteki araştırmalar şu konulara öncelik vermelidir: (1) H2S ile diğer gazotransmiterler ve hormonlar arasındaki etkileşimli ağların aydınlatılması, (2) hedefli bitki iyileştirmesi için endojen H₂S biyosentezini hassas bir şekilde ayarlamak amacıyla gen düzenleme teknolojilerinin (örneğin, CRISPR/Cas9) kullanılması ve (3) ticari kullanım için sağlam, sahada kullanıma hazır uygulama protokollerinin geliştirilmesi ve standartlaştırılması. Uygulama protokollerinin sentezi, hormesis ilkesine dayalı dozaj optimizasyonunun kritik olduğunu göstermektedir: düşük konsantrasyonlarda biyostimülatör etki sağlanırken, eşik değerlerin aşılması fitotoksisiteye yol açmaktadır. Tohum priming, yaprak spreyi, kök uygulamaları ve hasat sonrası fümigasyon gibi yöntemler, farklı sebze türlerinde başarıyla uygulanmış ve verim ile kaliteyi artırmıştır. Bununla birlikte, saha koşullarında donör bileşiklerin stabilitesi, çevresel faktörler ve güvenlik protokolleri uygulama başarısını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Hidrojen sülfürün meyvesi yenen sebzelerde stratejik bir biyostimülatör olarak kullanımı, sürdürülebilir tarım ve gıda güvenliği açısından önemli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Gelecekteki araştırmaların, H2S’nin diğer gazotransmiterler ve bitki hormonları ile etkileşimlerine, gen düzenleme teknolojileriyle biyosentez yollarının güçlendirilmesine ve küçük ölçekli üreticiler için uygulanabilir protokollerin geliştirilmesine odaklanması önerilmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Alacı, R. B., Doğan, A. (2026). A Strategic Gasotransmitter in Fruit Vegetables: Molecular Mechanisms, Stress Tolerance and Application Protocols of Hydrogen Sulfide. Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 39–52. https://ajindex.com/articles/1645921

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