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Journals / Türk Diş Hekimliği Araştırma Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Peri-implant Soft Tissue Defects (PSTDs): Etiology, Implications and Treatment Options

Peri-implant Yumuşak Doku Defektleri: Etiyolojisi, Sonuçları ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Gencay Kaan Bıkmaz(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ)0009-0008-8060-0407
Nejat Nizam(EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-2739-3919
Pages
79–86
Publication Date
2026-01-23
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Therefore, biologically based and patient-centered approaches enable long-term functional and esthetic success.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Peri-implant soft tissue defects represent a growing concern in implant dentistry due to their impact on both biological function and esthetic outcomes.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Compared to the gingiva surrounding natural teeth, peri-implant mucosa exhibits structural limitations that increase its susceptibility to inflammation and breakdown.
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Conclusion & Impact:Therefore, biologically based and patient-centered approaches enable long-term functional and esthetic success.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Peri-implant yumuşak doku defektleri · Keratinize mukoza · Mukozal çekilme

Abstract

Peri-implant soft tissue defects represent a growing concern in implant dentistry due to their impact on both biological function and esthetic outcomes. These complications often arise from a combination of patientspecific soft tissue characteristics, insufficient keratinized mucosa, implant positioning errors, and restorative design factors. Compared to the gingiva surrounding natural teeth, peri-implant mucosa exhibits structural limitations that increase its susceptibility to inflammation and breakdown. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the etiological mechanisms, biological and clinical implications, and current treatment strategies for peri-implant soft tissue defects. In particular, the critical influence of keratinized mucosa width and mucosal thickness -key components of the peri-implant phenotypeon tissue stability and control of inflammatory processes is emphasized. Treatment success depends not only on the selected surgical technique but also on clinician skill and case-specific planning. Therefore, biologically based and patient-centered approaches enable long-term functional and esthetic success.

Özet

Peri-implant yumuşak doku defektleri, implant diş hekimliğinde estetik ve biyolojik sonuçlara olan etkilerinden dolayı gün geçtikçe önemi artan bir klinik durumdur. Bu defektlerin gelişiminde; hastaya bağlı yumuşak doku özellikleri, yetersiz keratinize mukoza varlığı, implantın pozisyonel hataları ve restoratif tasarım unsurları belirleyici rol oynar. Peri-implant mukozanın doğal diş etine kıyasla gösterdiği yapısal farklılıklar, bu bölgede inflamasyon ve doku kaybına karşı daha zayıf bir bariyer oluşmasına neden olur. Bu derlemede, peri-implant yumuşak doku defektlerinin oluşum mekanizmaları, biyolojik ve klinik yansımaları ile güncel tedavi stratejileri bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır. Özellikle peri-implant fenotipin bir parçası olan keratinize mukoza genişliği ve mukoza kalınlığının, doku stabilitesi ve iltihabi süreçlerin kontrolü üzerindeki belirleyici etkisi vurgulanmıştır. Tedavi yaklaşımlarında, cerrahi teknik kadar cerrahın uygulama becerisi ve vaka bazlı planlama da başarıyı doğrudan etkileyen unsurlar arasında yer almaktadır. Dolayısıyla, biyolojik prensiplere dayalı ve hasta odaklı yaklaşımlar uzun dönemli fonksiyonel ve estetik başarıyı mümkün kılmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Bıkmaz, G. K., Nizam, N. (2026). Peri-implant Soft Tissue Defects (PSTDs): Etiology, Implications and Treatment Options. Türk Diş Hekimliği Araştırma Dergisi, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 79–86. https://doi.org/10.58711/turkishjdentres.vi.1745680

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