Journals / Hipokrat Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

A Retrospective Evaluation of Cytology–Histopathology Correlation in Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions

Servikal Skuamöz İntraepitelyal Lezyonlarda Sitoloji–Histopatoloji Korelasyonunun Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi

Sultan Deniz Altındağ(BANDIRMA ONYEDİ EYLÜL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-7167-2432
Pages
1–4
Publication Date
2026-04-20
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Suspicious cases—especially those with gray-zone cytological diagnoses—should be supported by appropriate advanced diagnostic approaches, and this correlation should be monitored as an integral component of both clinical and laboratory quality assurance processes.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: The diagnostic performance of cervical smear testing in cervical cancer screening remains controversial, particularly in the detection of high-grade lesions.
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Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) on cervical biopsy between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, were retrospectively analyzed.
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Conclusion & Impact:Suspicious cases—especially those with gray-zone cytological diagnoses—should be supported by appropriate advanced diagnostic approaches, and this correlation should be monitored as an integral component of both clinical and laboratory quality assurance processes.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Servikal intraepitelyal neoplazi · Pap smear · Servikal biyopsi

Abstract

Introduction: The diagnostic performance of cervical smear testing in cervical cancer screening remains controversial, particularly in the detection of high-grade lesions. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate pre-biopsy cervical smear results in patients diagnosed with squamous intraepithelial lesions by biopsy and to evaluate the cytology–histopathology correlation in biopsyconfirmed squamous intraepithelial lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) on cervical biopsy between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, were retrospectively analyzed. The most recent cervical smear results obtained within three years before biopsy were classified according to the Bethesda system. The correlation between cytology and histopathology was analyzed in three categories: exact concordance, minor discrepancy, and major discrepancy. Results: In the LSIL group, the rates of exact concordance, minor discrepancy, and major discrepancy were 27.3%, 27.3%, and 27.3%, respectively. In the HSIL group, the exact concordance rate was 7.7%, while minor and major discrepancy rates were 57.7% and 7.7%, respectively. Among cases with available HPV data, all HSIL cases with major discrepancy (100%) and the majority of LSIL cases with major discrepancy (83.3%) were HPV positive. Conclusion: Although cervical smear testing remains an important tool in the screening of cervical lesions, the diagnostic discordance observed particularly in high-grade lesions highlights the necessity of regular evaluation of cytology–histopathology correlation. Suspicious cases—especially those with gray-zone cytological diagnoses—should be supported by appropriate advanced diagnostic approaches, and this correlation should be monitored as an integral component of both clinical and laboratory quality assurance processes.

Özet

Giriş: Servikal kanser taramasında smear testinin tanısal etkinliği halen tartışmalı olup, özellikle yüksek dereceli lezyonların saptanmasında sınırlılıkları bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, servikal biyopsi ile servikal skuamöz intraepitelyal lezyon tanısı almış olgularda biyopsi öncesi smear sonuçlarının retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi ve sitoloji–histoloji korelasyonunun ortaya konması amaçlandı. Gereç veYöntemler: 1 Ocak 2023–31 Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında servikal biyopsi ile düşük dereceli skuamöz intraepitelyal lezyon (LSIL) ve yüksek dereceli skuamöz intraepitelyal lezyon (HSIL) tanısı alan toplam 70 olgu retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olguların biyopsi öncesindeki son üç yıl içinde yapılmış smear sonuçları Bethesda sistemine göre sınıflandırıldı. Sitoloji ve histopatoloji arasındaki uyum üç kategoride analiz edildi: tam uyum, minör uyumsuzluk ve majör uyumsuzluk. Bulgular: LSIL grubunda tam uyum oranı %27,3, minör uyumsuzluk oranı %27,3 ve majör uyumsuzluk oranı %27,3 olarak saptandı. HSIL grubunda ise tam uyum oranı %7,7, minör uyumsuzluk oranı %57,7 ve majör uyumsuzluk oranı %7,7 olarak bulundu. HPV verisi mevcut olan olgularda, majör uyumsuzluk saptanan HSIL olgularının tamamında (%100) ve LSIL olgularının büyük kısmında (%83,3) HPV pozitifliği izlendi. Sonuç: Smear testi servikal lezyonların taranmasında önemli bir araç olmakla birlikte, özellikle yüksek dereceli lezyonlarda saptanan tanısal uyumsuzluklar, sitoloji–histopatoloji korelasyonunun düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesinin gerekliliğini göstermektedir. Gri zon sitolojik tanılar başta olmak üzere şüpheli olguların uygun ileri tanısal yöntemlerle desteklenmesi ve bu korelasyonun klinik ile laboratuvar kalite güvencesinin ayrılmaz bir parçası olarak izlenmesi önem taşımaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Altındağ, S. D. (2026). A Retrospective Evaluation of Cytology–Histopathology Correlation in Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions. Hipokrat Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.58961/hmj.1866214

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