Journals / Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2

PANDEMIC UNCERTAINTY: A COMMON TREND IN BALKAN COUNTRIES

PANDEMİ BELİRSİZLİĞİ: BALKAN ÜLKELERİNDE ORTAK BİR EĞİLİM

Fulya Gezer(ANKARA HACI BAYRAM VELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-4885-1213
Gökçen Altun(ANKARA HACI BAYRAM VELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-4311-6508
Pages
50–60
Publication Date
2025-12-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The analysis results indicate strong and positive correlations among the countries, suggesting that pandemic-related uncertainties moved in similar directions across the region.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study examines the levels of pandemic-related uncertainty experienced by eight countries located in close geographical proximity within the Balkan region—namely Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, North Macedonia, Slovenia, and Turkey.
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Key Findings & Data:Pandemic uncertainty indices covering the period from the first quarter of 2020 to the last quarter of 2023 were utilized, and these indicators were summarized under a single composite index using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method.
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Conclusion & Impact:The analysis results indicate strong and positive correlations among the countries, suggesting that pandemic-related uncertainties moved in similar directions across the region.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Pandemi Belirsizlik Endeksi · Temel Bileşenler Analizi (TBA) · Balkan Ülkeleri

Abstract

This study examines the levels of pandemic-related uncertainty experienced by eight countries located in close geographical proximity within the Balkan region—namely Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, North Macedonia, Slovenia, and Turkey. Pandemic uncertainty indices covering the period from the first quarter of 2020 to the last quarter of 2023 were utilized, and these indicators were summarized under a single composite index using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The main purpose of the study is to consolidate the common regional effects of the pandemic into a single indicator, thereby enabling a clearer examination of phenomena such as synchronized economic fragility, clustering dynamics, and coordinated policy actions. The analysis results indicate strong and positive correlations among the countries, suggesting that pandemic-related uncertainties moved in similar directions across the region. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) value (0.793) and Bartlett’s test results confirmed that the dataset was suitable for factor analysis. The PCA results show that the first principal component explains 90.1% of the total variance, with all factor loadings exceeding 0.90, indicating a high explanatory power of the composite index. The composite pandemic uncertainty index reached its peak in the second quarter of 2020 and gradually declined thereafter, turning negative by 2023. Overall, the findings reveal that pandemic-induced uncertainty significantly decreased after 2020 and that the Balkan countries entered a common normalization process at the regional level.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, coğrafi olarak birbirine yakın konumda bulunan ve büyük ölçüde Balkan coğrafyasını kapsayan sekiz ülkenin (Arnavutluk, Bosna-Hersek, Bulgaristan, Hırvatistan, Yunanistan, Kuzey Makedonya, Slovenya ve Türkiye) pandemi sürecinde yaşadığı belirsizlik düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada 2020 yılının ilk çeyreğinden 2023 yılının son çeyreğine kadar olan döneme ait pandemi belirsizlik endeksleri kullanılmış ve bu göstergeler Temel Bileşenler Analizi (TBA) yöntemiyle tek bir bileşik endeks altında özetlenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, pandeminin ortak bölgesel etkilerini tek bir göstergede toplayarak eşzamanlı ekonomik kırılganlık, kümeleşme ve ortak politika hareketleri gibi olguların daha net incelenmesine olanak tanımaktır. Analiz sonuçları, ülkeler arasında güçlü ve pozitif korelasyon ilişkileri bulunduğunu, dolayısıyla pandemik belirsizliklerin bölgesel ölçekte benzer dinamiklerle hareket ettiğini göstermektedir. Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin örneklem yeterliliği ölçüsü (KMO) değeri (0.793) ve Bartlett küresellik testi sonuçları, verilerin faktör analizine uygun olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. TBA sonucunda elde edilen tek temel bileşen toplam varyansın %90,1’ini açıklamış ve faktör yüklerinin tamamı 0.90’ın üzerinde bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular, oluşturulan bileşik endeksin yüksek temsil gücüne sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Elde edilen bileşik pandemi belirsizlik endeksi, 2020 yılının ikinci çeyreğinde en yüksek düzeye ulaşmış, sonrasında ise kademeli bir düşüş sergileyerek 2023 yılı itibarıyla negatif değerlere gerilemiştir. Sonuç olarak, pandemi kaynaklı belirsizliğin Balkan ülkelerinde 2020 sonrasında hızla azaldığı ve bölgesel düzeyde ortak bir normalleşme sürecine girildiği tespit edilmiştir.

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Cite This Article

Gezer, F., Altun, G. (2025). PANDEMIC UNCERTAINTY: A COMMON TREND IN BALKAN COUNTRIES. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 50–60. https://doi.org/10.51945/cuiibfd.1826211

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