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Journals / Black Sea Journal of Agriculture / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Enhancing In Vitro Shoot Development of Patrones-ARDA®️ Rootstock Through Nitric Oxide, Antioxidants, and Adsorbents

Heydem Ekinci(Harran Üniversitesi)0000-0002-1828-7367
Pages
553–562
Publication Date
2026-07-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, it has been determined that optimizing the types and concentrations of substances is critical in in vitro micropropagation, and that the appropriate use of these substances can significantly improve regeneration efficiency and plant quality in rootstocks.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Changing environmental conditions necessitate the development of new and excellent rootstocks and their rapid, homogeneous, and healthy propagation.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Node explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing varying concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), ascorbic acid (AsA), silver nitrate (AgNO₃), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and activated carbon (AC).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, it has been determined that optimizing the types and concentrations of substances is critical in in vitro micropropagation, and that the appropriate use of these substances can significantly improve regeneration efficiency and plant quality in rootstocks.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Activated charcoal · Micropropagation · Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Abstract

Changing environmental conditions necessitate the development of new and excellent rootstocks and their rapid, homogeneous, and healthy propagation. Patrones-ARDA® rootstock is a clonal rootstock produced by Beta Fidancılık. Patrones-ARDA® rootstock has good graft compatibility with Prunus species. In this context, in vitro micropropagation techniques stand out as an effective method in modern rootstock production. This study aimed to determine the effects of nitric oxide donor, antioxidants, and adsorbent substances on in vitro shoot regeneration and growth of Patrones-ARDA® rootstock. Node explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing varying concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), ascorbic acid (AsA), silver nitrate (AgNO₃), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and activated carbon (AC). After four weeks, morphological parameters such as shoot regeneration rate, number of leaves, number of nodes, plant height, and leaf area were evaluated. Statistically significant differences were determined between the treatments. The highest shoot regeneration rate (83.33%) was obtained with 8 mg/L AgNO₃ and 50 mg/L PVP treatments, while the 200 mg/L activated carbon treatment significantly increased growth parameters such as plant height (2.77 cm) and leaf area (1.79 cm²). SNP and AsA applications increased shoot formation at specific concentrations, but their effects on growth parameters varied depending on the concentration. Heatmap and hierarchical clustering analyses revealed that regeneration and growth processes are controlled by different mechanisms; AgNO₃ was more strongly associated with shoot formation, while activated carbon and PVP were more strongly associated with vegetative growth. In conclusion, it has been determined that optimizing the types and concentrations of substances is critical in in vitro micropropagation, and that the appropriate use of these substances can significantly improve regeneration efficiency and plant quality in rootstocks.

Özet

Changing environmental conditions necessitate the development of new and excellent rootstocks and their rapid, homogeneous, and healthy propagation. Patrones-ARDA® rootstock is a clonal rootstock produced by Beta Fidancılık. Patrones-ARDA® rootstock has good graft compatibility with Prunus species. In this context, in vitro micropropagation techniques stand out as an effective method in modern rootstock production. This study aimed to determine the effects of nitric oxide donor, antioxidants, and adsorbent substances on in vitro shoot regeneration and growth of Patrones-ARDA® rootstock. Node explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing varying concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), ascorbic acid (AsA), silver nitrate (AgNO₃), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and activated carbon (AC). After four weeks, morphological parameters such as shoot regeneration rate, number of leaves, number of nodes, plant height, and leaf area were evaluated. Statistically significant differences were determined between the treatments. The highest shoot regeneration rate (83.33%) was obtained with 8 mg/L AgNO₃ and 50 mg/L PVP treatments, while the 200 mg/L activated carbon treatment significantly increased growth parameters such as plant height (2.77 cm) and leaf area (1.79 cm²). SNP and AsA applications increased shoot formation at specific concentrations, but their effects on growth parameters varied depending on the concentration. Heatmap and hierarchical clustering analyses revealed that regeneration and growth processes are controlled by different mechanisms; AgNO₃ was more strongly associated with shoot formation, while activated carbon and PVP were more strongly associated with vegetative growth. In conclusion, it has been determined that optimizing the types and concentrations of substances is critical in in vitro micropropagation, and that the appropriate use of these substances can significantly improve regeneration efficiency and plant quality in rootstocks.

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Cite This Article

Ekinci, H. (2026). Enhancing In Vitro Shoot Development of Patrones-ARDA®️ Rootstock Through Nitric Oxide, Antioxidants, and Adsorbents. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 553–562. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1931272

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