Journals / Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Pediatric Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department Due to Rabies-Risky Contact and Factors Affecting Immunoglobulin Administration

Kuduz Riskli Temas Nedeniyle Acil Servise Başvuran Pediatrik Olgular ve İmmünglobulin Uygulanmasını Etkileyen Faktörler

Mehmet Soyugüzel(Afyonkarahisar sağlık bilimleri üniversite hastanesi)0000-0003-4294-6390
Aysun Soyugüzel(Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University)0000-0001-8356-1476
Pages
77–82
Publication Date
2026-06-28
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The fact that immunoglobulin use remains low despite the very high rate of Category 3 contact suggests that the indication for immunoglobulin in not deep but high risk contacts should be reconsidered in clinical practice.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric cases presenting to the emergency department due to rabies risk animal contact and to analyze the independent risk factors affecting the administration of rabies immunoglobulin.
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Methods: In this study, 204 pediatric cases between the ages of 0 and 18 who applied to a university hospital emergency department between January 1, 2021 and August 1, 2025 due to rabies risk animal contact were retrospectively analyzed.
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Conclusion & Impact:The fact that immunoglobulin use remains low despite the very high rate of Category 3 contact suggests that the indication for immunoglobulin in not deep but high risk contacts should be reconsidered in clinical practice.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2021 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Çocuklarda kuduz maruziyeti · acil servis · kuduz risk değerlendirmesi

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric cases presenting to the emergency department due to rabies risk animal contact and to analyze the independent risk factors affecting the administration of rabies immunoglobulin. Material and Methods: In this study, 204 pediatric cases between the ages of 0 and 18 who applied to a university hospital emergency department between January 1, 2021 and August 1, 2025 due to rabies risk animal contact were retrospectively analyzed. Contact characteristics, wound types and prophylaxis methods applied to the cases were recorded. Factors affecting immunoglobulin administration were evaluated using bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 8.86 ± 4.75 years, with a male predominance (64.2%). The majority of exposures involved cats (50.5%) and dogs (47.1%), and 89.7% of the implicated animals were free-roaming. Notably, despite 99.0% of the cases being classified as Category III exposures, rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) was administered to only 21.1% of the patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified deep wounds, defined as those extending into the dermis and underlying tissues, as the sole independent predictor of RIG administration (OR 2.89; 95% CI: 1.23–6.79; p = 0.015). Patient age, sex, involved animal species, and time to clinical presentation did not independently influence the decision to administer RIG. Conclusion: In pediatric rabies risk contact cases, the prophylaxis decision, especially the use of immunoglobulin, is shaped by wound depth rather than animal species or admission time. The fact that immunoglobulin use remains low despite the very high rate of Category 3 contact suggests that the indication for immunoglobulin in not deep but high risk contacts should be reconsidered in clinical practice.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kuduz riskli hayvan teması nedeniyle acil servise başvuran pediatrik olguların demografik ve klinik özelliklerini belirlemek ve kuduz immünglobulini uygulanmasını etkileyen bağımsız risk faktörlerini analiz etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, kuduz riskli hayvan teması nedeniyle 1 Ocak 2021 ile 1 Ağustos 2025 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesi acil servisine başvuran 0-18 yaş arası 204 pediatrik olgu geriye dönük olarak analiz edildi. Olgulara ait temas özellikleri, yara tipleri ve uygulanan profilaksi yöntemleri kaydedildi. İmmünglobulin uygulanmasını etkileyen faktörler iki değişkenli analizler ve çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olguların yaş ortalaması 8,86 ± 4,75 yıl olup %64,2'si erkekti. En sık kedi (%50,5) ve köpek (%47,1) teması görüldü. Hayvanların %89,7'sinin sahipsiz olduğu belirlendi. Olguların %99'u Kategori 3 temas grubunda yer almasına rağmen yalnızca %21,1'ine immünglobulin uygulandı. Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizinde, dermis ve alt tabakaları tutan yara derinliği immünglobulin uygulanması için tek bağımsız risk faktörü olarak bulundu (OR 2,89; %95 GA: 1,23-6,79; p=0,015). Yaş, cinsiyet, hayvan türü ve başvuru zamanının immünglobulin kullanımı üzerinde bağımsız bir etkisi bulunmadı. Sonuç: Pediatrik kuduz riskli temas olgularında profilaksi kararı, özellikle immünglobulin kullanımı, hayvan türü veya başvuru zamanından ziyade yara derinliğine göre şekillenmektedir. Kategori 3 temas oranının çok yüksek olmasına rağmen immünglobulin kullanımının düşük kalması, derin olmayan ancak yüksek riskli temaslarda immünglobulin endikasyonunun klinik pratikte yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Soyugüzel, M., Soyugüzel, A. (2026). Pediatric Cases Presenting to the Emergency Department Due to Rabies-Risky Contact and Factors Affecting Immunoglobulin Administration. Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 77–82. https://doi.org/10.54996/anatolianjem.1864038

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