Journals / Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2026

French Industrialization in the Second Half of the 19th Century

19. Yüzyılın İkinci Yarısında Fransız Sanayileşmesi

Erdem Selman Develi(Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi)0000-0003-2097-207X
Pages
202–216
Publication Date
2026-05-21
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

According to the results, population, coal production, coal price, and railway length positively affect the industrial production index, while imports and the number of railway locomotives negatively affect it.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The aim of this study is to examine the development of French industrialization in the second half of the 19th century based on data obtained from original sources.
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Key Findings & Data:In this regard, reports from the Ministry of Labor, the French National Statistical Office, the General Directorate of Customs, the General Directorate of Statistics, and the French Industrial Products Exhibition are important as primary sources.
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Conclusion & Impact:According to the results, population, coal production, coal price, and railway length positively affect the industrial production index, while imports and the number of railway locomotives negatively affect it.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Fransız sanayileşmesi · Kömür · Demiryolu

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the development of French industrialization in the second half of the 19th century based on data obtained from original sources. In this regard, reports from the Ministry of Labor, the French National Statistical Office, the General Directorate of Customs, the General Directorate of Statistics, and the French Industrial Products Exhibition are important as primary sources. Additionally, the French economist and statistician Alfred de Foville (1842-1913), British statistician Frederick Martin (1830-1883), and French mining engineer Édouard Sauvage (1850-1937) are important for the data they contain on that period. The data obtained from these reports and books includes population, iron and steel production, coal production and consumption, railway length, the amount of goods transported by rail, the number of locomotives, the number of machines, and the number of industrial enterprises. An examination of the data reveals that French industrialization gained significant momentum in the second half of the 19th century. However, it is also clear that the most important event negatively affecting French industrialization during this period was the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). Factors affecting industrial production during the period in question were also estimated using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. According to the results, population, coal production, coal price, and railway length positively affect the industrial production index, while imports and the number of railway locomotives negatively affect it. In contrast, the number of industrial enterprises has a positive effect, while exports and rail freight have negative, but statistically insignificant, effects.

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, orijinal kaynaklardan elde edilen veriler çerçevesinde Fransız sanayileşmesinin 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaki gelişimini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda Çalışma Bakanlığı, Fransa Ulusal İstatistik Ofisi, Gümrükler Genel Müdürlüğü, Genel İstatistik Müdürlüğü ve Fransız Sanayi Ürünleri Sergisi raporları, birincil kaynak olmaları açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca Fransız iktisatçı ve istatistikçi Alfred de Foville (1842-1913), İngiliz istatistikçi Frederick Martin (1830-1883) ve Fransız Maden Mühendisi Édouard Sauvage (1850-1937) tarafından 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında yazılan kitaplar, o döneme ait verileri içermeleri açısından önemlidir. Bu raporlar ve kitaplardan elde edilen veriler; nüfus, demir-çelik üretimi, kömür üretimi ile tüketimi, demiryolu uzunluğu, demiryolu aracılığıyla taşınan mal miktarı, lokomotif sayısı, makine sayısı ve endüstriyel işletme sayısıdır. Elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Fransız sanayileşmesinin önemli bir ivme yakaladığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte bu dönemde Fransız sanayileşmesini olumsuz yönde etkileyen en önemli olayın ise Fransa-Prusya Savaşı (1870-1871) olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Söz konusu dönemde sanayi üretimini etkileyen faktörler ayrıca sıradan en küçük kareler (EKK) yöntemiyle tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre nüfus, kömür üretimi, kömür fiyatı ve demir yolu uzunluğu sanayi üretim endeksini pozitif etkilerken; ithalat ve demiryolu lokomotif sayısı sanayi üretim endeksini negatif etkilemektedir. Buna karşılık endüstriyel işletme sayısı pozitif, ihracat ve demiryolu aracılığıyla taşınan mal negatif; fakat istatistiki olarak anlamsız etkiye sahiptir.

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Cite This Article

Develi, E. S. (2026). French Industrialization in the Second Half of the 19th Century. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2026, 202–216. https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1882342

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