SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Mühendis ve Makina / 2026 / Cilt: 67 Sayı: 722

Multi objective Optimization with The Bees Algorithm For Balancing Hole in Centrifugal Pump Impellers

Arı Algoritması ile Sanrtifüj Pompa Çarklarında Dengeleme Deliklerinin Çok Amaçlı Optimizasyonu

Selahattin Sefacı(Sempa Pompa Makina A.Ş.)0000-0002-7696-6202
Osman Acar(SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TEKNOLOJİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-6743-4506
Mete Kalyoncu(KONYA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-2214-7631
Saim Koçak(KONYA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK VE DOĞA BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-0342-7408
Pages
36–56
Publication Date
2026-03-30
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Optimization results demonstrated a significant improvement in axial load reduction and efficiency under various configurations, validated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study presents a multi-objective optimization approach for designing balancing holes in centrifugal pump impellers to reduce axial loads without compromising efficiency.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Optimization results demonstrated a significant improvement in axial load reduction and efficiency under various configurations, validated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings highlight the practical applicability of balancing holes in prolonging pump life while maintaining performance, contributing to the pump industry's design methodologies
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Dengeleme Delikleri · Arı Algoritması · Dengeleme Delikli Çarklarda CFD Analizi

Abstract

This study presents a multi-objective optimization approach for designing balancing holes in centrifugal pump impellers to reduce axial loads without compromising efficiency. Using the Bees Algorithm, inspired by the foraging behavior of honeybees, the research explores the effects of varying hole geometry and placement parameters, such as the central angle, diameter, and number of holes. Numerical simulations were conducted using Ansys-Fluent to derive a statistical model that predicts efficiency and axial load with high reliability. Optimization results demonstrated a significant improvement in axial load reduction and efficiency under various configurations, validated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The findings highlight the practical applicability of balancing holes in prolonging pump life while maintaining performance, contributing to the pump industry's design methodologies

Özet

Bu çalışma, santrifüj pompa çarklarında eksenel yükleri azaltmak ve aynı zamanda verimlilikten ödün vermemek amacıyla dengelenme deliklerinin tasarımına yönelik çok amaçlı bir optimizasyon yaklaşımı sunmaktadır. Bal arılarının yiyecek arama davranışından esinlenen Bees Algoritması kullanılarak, delik geometrisi ve yerleşim parametreleri olan merkez açı, çap ve delik sayısının etkileri incelenmiştir. Verimlilik ve eksenel yükü yüksek güvenilirlikle tahmin edebilen istatistiksel bir model elde etmek amacıyla sayısal simülasyonlar Ansys-Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimizasyon sonuçları, çeşitli konfigürasyonlar altında eksenel yükün azaltılmasında ve verimliliğin artırılmasında önemli gelişmeler sağlandığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, dengelenme deliklerinin pompa ömrünü uzatırken performansı koruma açısından pratik uygulanabilirliğini vurgulamakta ve pompa endüstrisinin tasarım metodolojilerine katkı sunmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Sefacı, S., Acar, O., Kalyoncu, M., Koçak, S. (2026). Multi objective Optimization with The Bees Algorithm For Balancing Hole in Centrifugal Pump Impellers. Mühendis ve Makina, Cilt: 67 Sayı: 722, 36–56. https://doi.org/10.46399/muhendismakina.1676483

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (33)

  1. Acar, Osman, Mete Kalyoncu, and Alaa Hassan. 2019. "Proposal of a harmonic bees algorithm for design optimization of a gripper mechanism." In IFToMM World Congress on Mechanism and Machine Science, 2829-39. Springer. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_280
  2. Alawadhi, Khaled, Bashar Alzuwayer, Tareq Ali Mohammad, and Mohammad H Buhemdi. 2021. 'Design and optimization of a centrifugal pump for slurry transport using the response surface method', Machines, 9: 60. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/machines9030060
  3. Babayigit, O, M Ozgoren, Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy, and Osman Kocaaslan. 2017a. "The effect of balance holes to centrifugal pump performance." In AIP conference proceedings. AIP Publishing. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4992157
  4. Babayigit, Osman, Muammer Ozgoren, Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy, and Osman Kocaaslan. 2017b. 'Experimental and CFD investigation of a multistage centrifugal pump including leakages and balance holes', Desalination and Water Treatment, 67: 28-40. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2017.20153
  5. Cao, Wei-dong, Xun Dai, and Qi-xiang Hu. 2015. 'Effect of impeller reflux balance holes on pressure and axial force of centrifugal pump', Journal of Central South University, 22: 1695-706. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2688-2
  6. Cao, Weidong, Xinyu Yang, and Zhixiang Jia. 2022. 'Numerical simulation of cavitation flow in a low specific-speed centrifugal pump with different diameters of balance holes', Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10: 619. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050619
  7. Cheng, Xiaorui, Zhengbai Chang, and Yimeng Jiang. 2020. 'Study on the influence of the specific area of balance hole on cavitation performance of high-speed centrifugal pump', Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 34: 3325-34. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0725-z
  8. Deng, Hongying, Zhaoshun Xia, Zenan Sun, Shuihua Zheng, and Yi Liu. 2022. 'Multistage hybrid model for performance prediction of centrifugal pump', Advances in Engineering Software, 174: 103302. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2022.103302
  9. Dicmas, John L. 1987. Vertical turbine, mixed flow, and propeller pumps (McGraw-Hill). Dong, Wei, Wu-li Chu, and Zai-lun Liu. 2019. 'Influences of the diameter of the balance hole on the flow characteristics in the hub cavity of the centrifugal pump', Journal of Hydrodynamics, 31: 1060-68. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42241-019-0033-1
  10. Fang, Hua, Jianfeng Ma, Wei Zhang, Hui Yang, Feng Chen, and Xiaojun Li. 2020. 'Hydraulic performance optimization of pump impeller based on a joint of particle swarm algorithm and least-squares support vector regression', Ieee Access, 8: 203645-54. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3036913
  11. Fathi, Mohammad, Mehrdad Raisee, Seyed Ahamd Nourbakhsh, and Hamed Alemi Arani. 2019. "The effect of balancing holes on performance of a centrifugal pump: numerical and experimental investigations." In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 032017. IOP Publishing. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/240/3/032017
  12. Godbole, Vasant, Rajashri Patil, and SS Gavade. 2012. "Axial thrust in centrifugal pumps–experimental analysis." In 15th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto/Portugal, 22-27.
  13. Gülich, Johann Friedrich. 2010. 'Fluid dynamic principles.' in, Centrifugal pumps (Springer). Incebay, Omer, Ahmet Onder, Muhammed Arif Sen, Rafet Yapici, and Mete Kalyoncu. 2022. 'Fuzzy-based modeling and speed optimization of a centrifugal blood pump using a modified and constrained Bees algorithm', Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 221: 106867. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106867
  14. Jing, Teng, Haoran Sun, Jianan Cheng, and Ling Zhou. 2023. 'Optimization of a screw centrifugal blood pump based on random forest and multi-objective gray Wolf optimization algorithm', Micromachines, 14: 406. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020406
  15. Karaśkiewicz, Krzysztof, and Łukasz Złoty. 2017. 'Influence of radial flow impeller balance holes on the net positive suction head for rotodynamic pumps', Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery: 47-54.
  16. Kuntoğlu, Mustafa, Osman Acar, Munish Kumar Gupta, Hacı Sağlam, Murat Sarikaya, Khaled Giasin, and Danil Yurievich Pimenov. 2021. 'Parametric optimization for cutting forces and material removal rate in the turning of AISI 5140', Machines, 9: 90. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/machines9050090
  17. Lazarkiewicz, S. A.T. Troskolanski. 1965. Impeller pumps ( Pergamon: Warsaw, Poland).
  18. Luo, Xingqi, Hang Xie, Jianjun Feng, Zhenguo Ge, and Guojun Zhu. 2022. 'Influence of the balance hole on the performance of a gas–liquid two–phase centrifugal pump', Ocean Engineering, 244: 110316. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.110316
  19. Onder, Ahmet, Muhammed Huseyin Guzel, Omer Incebay, Muhammed Arif Sen, Rafet Yapici, and Mete Kalyoncu. 2023. 'Fuzzy logic-based modeling of a centrifugal blood pump performance via experimental data of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids', Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 23: 2350016. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423500161
  20. Onder, Ahmet, Omer Incebay, Muhammed Arif Sen, Rafet Yapici, and Mete Kalyoncu. 2021. 'Heuristic optimization of impeller sidewall gaps-based on the bees algorithm for a centrifugal blood pump by CFD', The International Journal of Artificial Organs, 44: 765-72. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988211023773
  21. Osman, ACAR, Mete KALYONCU, and Alaa HASSAN. 2018. 'THE BEES’ALGORITHM FOR DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF A GRIPPER MECHANISM', Selcuk University Journal of Engineering Sciences: 69-86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_280
  22. Pham, DT, and Mete Kalyoncu. 2009. "Optimisation of a fuzzy logic controller for a flexible single-link robot arm using the Bees Algorithm." In 2009 7th IEEE international conference on industrial informatics, 475-80. IEEE. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2009.5195850
  23. Pham, Duc Truong, Afshin Ghanbarzadeh, Ebubekir Koç, Sameh Otri, Shafqat Rahim, and Muhamad Zaidi. 2006. 'The bees algorithm—a novel tool for complex optimisation problems.' in, Intelligent production machines and systems (Elsevier). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008045157-2/50081-x
  24. Rabbani, Shahid, Kürşad Melih Güleren, and Imran Afgan. 2024. 'Centrifugal Pump Optimization via Integration of Machine Learning and Computational Fluid Dynamics', Engineered Science, 30: 1150. Doi: https://doi.org/10.30919/es1150
  25. Sefacı, Selahattin. 2022. 'Tek Kademeli Santrifüj Pompalarda Dengeleme Deliklerinin Pompa Performansına Etkisinin Sayısal ve Deneysel Araştırılması', Konya Teknik Üniversitesi.
  26. Sefacı, Selahattin, Osman Babayiğit, and Saim Koçak. 2022. 'Deneysel Tasarım Yöntemleri İle Bir Santrifüj Pompa Çarkında Dengeleme Deliği Tasarım Optimizasyonu', Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 11: 436-48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1017804
  27. Tereshko, Valery, and Andreas Loengarov. 2005. 'Collective decision making in honey-bee foraging dynamics', Computing and information systems, 9: 1.
  28. Von Frisch, Karl. 2014. Bees: their vision, chemical senses, and language (Cornell University Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.113.2937.422.a
  29. Wang, Chia-Nan, Fu-Chiang Yang, Van Thanh Tien Nguyen, and Nhut TM Vo. 2022. 'CFD analysis and optimum design for a centrifugal pump using an effectively artificial intelligent algorithm', Micromachines, 13: 1208. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13081208
  30. Wang, Yuqin, Luxiang Zhou, and Shimin Zheng. 2023. 'Multi-objective optimization design of low specific speed centrifugal pumps based on genetic algorithm', Ieee Access, 11: 97896-908. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3311893
  31. Zhang, Fangfang, Ran Tao, Di Zhu, Yanzhao Wu, Faye Jin, and Ruofu Xiao. 2022. 'Anti-cavitation leading-edge profile design of centrifugal pump impeller blade based on genetic algorithm and decision tree', Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 44: 279. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-022-03528-5
  32. Zhang, Lei, Dayong Wang, Gang Yang, Qiang Pan, Weidong Shi, and Ruijie Zhao. 2024. 'Optimization of hydraulic efficiency and internal flow characteristics of a multi-stage pump using RBF neural network', Water, 16: 1488. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w16111488
  33. Zhu, Di, Ruofu Xiao, Zhifeng Yao, Wei Yang, and Weichao Liu. 2020. 'Optimization design for reducing the axial force of a vaned mixed-flow pump', Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 14: 882-96. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2020.1749933