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Fumonisin production and virulence of Fusarium fujikuroi species complex strains obtained from maize in Türkiye

Türkiye’deki mısır örneklerinden elde edilen Fusarium fujikuroi tür kompleksi izolatlarının fumonisin üretimi ve virülensliği

Bayram Kansu(Ondokuz Mayıs Universitesi)0000-0001-5663-0528
Hayrettin Özer(TÜBİTAK-MAM)0000-0002-9785-0030
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-09-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Thus, it will be able to understand the association between mycotoxin production and virulence with more strains of these species in further study that is subjected to genetic and phenotypic approaches.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important agricultural product with high dietary value for humans, a good feedstuff for livestock, and economic value for subsistence farmers in Türkiye and around the world.
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Key Findings & Data:All the FFSC strains, except one of them, were produced at various quantitative levels of either FB1 or both mycotoxins on the synthetic medium conditions.
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Conclusion & Impact:Thus, it will be able to understand the association between mycotoxin production and virulence with more strains of these species in further study that is subjected to genetic and phenotypic approaches.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:fum1 geni · tatlı mısır · fumonisin B1

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important agricultural product with high dietary value for humans, a good feedstuff for livestock, and economic value for subsistence farmers in Türkiye and around the world. The many species of Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) are of reduced quality and quantity, damaging roots, stems, leaves, or grains of rice, wheat, barley, and particularly maize, which are important cereals. The aim of this study is to investigate FB production ability by distinct species of FFSC obtained from various maize fields in Türkiye, assess their virulence for seedling and foliar diseases in planta, and revealing whether a phenotypic effect on the development of maize seedlings occurs due to the Fumonisin B (FB) levels of the species. For FB analysis, six characterized FFSC strains, including three for F. verticillioides, one for F. proliferatum, F. thapsinum, and F. andyazi, together with two undefined Fusarium strains, were cultured. All the FFSC strains, except one of them, were produced at various quantitative levels of either FB1 or both mycotoxins on the synthetic medium conditions. Pathogenicity test on the seedlings was completed with a known pathogenic F. verticillioides and a non-inoculated treatment as a control, in addition to all FFSC strains, on a sweet maize hybrid (cv. Vega F1) and flint type maize cultivar (cv. Karadeniz Yıldızı) under the growth chamber conditions. As a result of evaluating all plant growth and diseases, the plant ratio with atrophy and stalk rot disease severity was statistically significant at P <0.05 and 0.01, respectively, for only the hybrid maize cultivar. Even if there was no direct relationship between their ability to produce FB and the virulence or pathogenicity of FFSC strains, particularly those of F. verticillioides, utilizing a limited number of strains, such as F. thapsinum, and F. andyazi, which were tested for the first time, has been a remarkable result. Thus, it will be able to understand the association between mycotoxin production and virulence with more strains of these species in further study that is subjected to genetic and phenotypic approaches.

Özet

Mısır bitkisi, Türkiye’de ve dünyada insanlar açısından besleyici bir gıda, hayvanlar için iyi bir yem ve çiftçiler için ekonomik değere sahip önemli bir tarımsal üründür. Fusarium fujikuroi tür kompleksi (FFSC) içinde yer alan birçok fungal tür, başta mısır olmak üzere çeltik, buğday, arpa gibi önemli tahıl bitkilerinin kök, sap, yaprak ya da tanelerinde zarar meydana getirerek verim ve kaliteyi azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin çeşitli mısır tarlalarından elde edilen farklı FFSC türlerinin Fumonisin B (FB) üretim kapasitesini araştırmak, bitki üzerinde fide ve yaprak hastalıklarına karşı virülanslarını değerlendirmek ve bu türlerin FB düzeylerinin mısır fidelerinin gelişimi üzerinde fenotipik bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. FB analizi için, FFSC'ye ait F. verticillioides'ten üç, F. proliferatum, F. thapsinum ve F. andyazi'den birer tane olmak üzere toplam altı karakterize edilmiş izolat (strain) ile tür düzeyinde tanımlanmamış iki Fusarium izolatı besi ortamında geliştirilmiştir. Bu FFSC izolatlarından sadece biri hariç, tümü sentetik besiyeri koşullarında ya sadece FB1 ya da her iki mikotoksini çeşitli miktarlarda ürettiği tespit edilmiştir. Fideler üzerinde yapılan patojenite testi, geliştirme odası koşullarında, tüm FFSC izolatları yanında, patojen olduğu bilinen bir F. verticillioides izolatı ve kontrol grubu olarak tohuma herhangi bir uygulamanın yapılmadığı uygulamalar şeklinde tatlı mısır hibridi (Vega F1) ve sert taneli mısır çeşidi (Karadeniz Yıldızı) ile yürütülmüştür. Tüm bitki büyüme ve hastalık değerlendirmeleri sonucunda, sadece hibrit mısır çeşidinde, atrofiye sahip bitki oranı ile sap çürüklüğü hastalığının şiddeti, sırasıyla %5 ve %1 düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. FB üretme yetenekleri ile FFSC izolatlarının, özellikle de F. verticillioides izolatlarının virülansı veya patojenitesi arasında doğrudan bir ilişki olmasa da, F. thapsinum ve F. andyazi gibi tek bir izolat ile temsil edilen türler ilk kez test edildi ve bu nedenle, genetik ve fenotipik yaklaşımlara dayanan ilerideki çalışmalarda bu türlerin daha fazla izolatı ile mikotoksin üretimi ve virülenslik arasındaki ilişkiyi anlamak mümkün olacaktır.

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Cite This Article

Kansu, B., Özer, H. (2026). Fumonisin production and virulence of Fusarium fujikuroi species complex strains obtained from maize in Türkiye. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 41. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1935160

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