SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Verimlilik Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: PRODUCTIVITY FOR LOGISTICS Özel Sayı

CO2 Emission Efficiency Measurement: Green Logistics Perspective

CO2 Emisyonu Etkinlik Ölçümü: Yeşil Lojistik Perspektifi

Fuad Selamzade(MUŞ ALPARSLAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-2436-8948
Yusuf Ersoy(MUŞ ALPARSLAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-0106-1695
Ali Tehci(ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9949-2794
Pages
139–148
Publication Date
2025-02-03
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study can provide guidance to those who will conduct research on this subject and to country leaders.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Purpose: This study aims to measure the carbon emission activities of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan and evaluate them from a green logistics perspective.
📊
Key Findings & Data:It was determined that the efficiency scores of the countries were generally above 50%.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:This study can provide guidance to those who will conduct research on this subject and to country leaders.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Etkinlik · Karbon Emisyonu · Lojistik 4.0

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to measure the carbon emission activities of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan and evaluate them from a green logistics perspective. Method: Within the scope of the research, efficiency analyses were conducted using the output-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) constant returns to scale (CRS) model and the super efficiency CRS DEA model. The input and output variables used in the research were obtained from the World Bank website. Findings: In the research, the efficiency scores of the relevant countries were determined. It was determined that the efficiency scores of the countries were generally above 50%. The ranking of the efficient decision-making units among themselves was carried out with the super efficiency CRS DEA model. Some potential improvement suggestions were presented for the decision-making units that were not efficient. Originality: In order to leave a livable world to future generations, green energy production should be supported and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions should be kept under control. Therefore, the efficiency assessment of countries' CO2 emissions is of vital importance. This study has an original feature because the CO2 emission activities of the Turkish Republics were carried out using the super efficiency CRS DEA model. This study can provide guidance to those who will conduct research on this subject and to country leaders.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye, Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan ve Özbekistan’ın karbon emisyonları etkinliklerinin ölçülerek yeşil lojistik persperktifinde değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamında etkinlik analizleri çıktı odaklı Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA)’nin ölçeğe göre sabit getiri (CRS) modeli ve süper etkinlik CRS VZA modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan girdi ve çıktı değişkenleri Dünya Bankası web sitesinden elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmada öncelikli olarak ilgili ülkelerin etkinlik skorları belirlenmiştir. Ülkelerin etkinlik skorlarının genel olarak %50’ın üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Etkin karar verme birimlerinin kendi aralarındaki sıralaması ise süper etkinlik CRS VZA modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Etkin çıkmayan karar verme birimlerinin etkin olabilmesi için bazı potansiyel iyileştirme önerileri sunulmuştur. Özgünlük: Gelecek nesillere yaşanabilir bir dünya bırakmak için yeşil enerji üretiminin desteklenmesi ve Karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonunun kontrol altında tutulması gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla ülkelerin CO2 emisyonlarının etkinlik değerlendirmesi hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma Türk Cumhuriyetlerinin CO2 emisyon etkinliklerinin süper etkinlik CRS VZA modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş olması nedeniyle özgün bir niteliğe sahiptir. Bu çalışma bu yönüyle bu konuda araştırma yapacaklara ve ülke yöneticilerine yol gösterebilecek niteliktedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Selamzade, F., Ersoy, Y., Tehci, A. (2025). CO2 Emission Efficiency Measurement: Green Logistics Perspective. Verimlilik Dergisi, Sayı: PRODUCTIVITY FOR LOGISTICS Özel Sayı, 139–148. https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1525575

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (50)

  1. Amiruddin, S. Z., Hishamuddin, H., Darom, N.A. and Naimin, H.H. (2021). “A Case Study of Carbon Emissions from Logistic Activities During Supply Chain Disruptions”, Jurnal Kejuruteraan, 33(2), 221-228. https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2021-33(2)-07
  2. Antunes, J., Hadi-Vencheh, A., Jamshidi, A., Tan, Y., and Wanke, P. (2024). “Cost Efficiency of Chinese Banks: Evidence from DEA and MLP-SSRP Analysis”, Expert Systems with Applications, 237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121432
  3. Banker, R.D., Charnes, A. and Cooper, W.W. (1984). “Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis”, Management Science, 30(9), 1078-1092. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
  4. Çalışkan, H. (2020). “Evaluation of the Productivity levels of Public Hospital Unions by Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Productivity, 2020(2), 157-178.
  5. Charnes, A., Cooper, W. and Rhodes, E. (1978). “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units”, European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8
  6. Chukurna, O., Nitsenko, V., Tyukhtenko, N., Lomonosova, O., Zhartay, Z. and Dobrovolskyi, V. (2022). “Substantiation of the Green Approach in the Formation of a Sustainable System of Ecological Logistics”, Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University, (1), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2022-1/076
  7. Coelli, T.J., Rao, D.S.P., O’Donnel, C.J. and Battese, G.E. (1998). “An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis”, 2nd Ed. Springer, New York
  8. Cooper, W.W., Seiford, L.M. and Zhu J. (2011). “Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis”, 2nd Ed. Springer, New York.
  9. Çoban, O. (2015). “Relationship Between Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions: The case of Turkey”, Erciyes University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 1(38), 195-208.
  10. Dekker, R., Bloemhof, J. and Mallidis, I. (2012). “Operations Research for Green Logistics – An Overview of Aspects, Issues, Contributions and Challenges”, European Journal of Operational Research, 29(3), 671-679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2011.11.010
  11. Emrouznejad, A. and Yang, G-L. (2018). “A Survey and Analysis of the First 40 Years of Scholarly Literature in DEA: 1978–2016”, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 61, 4-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2017.01.008
  12. Ersoy, Y. and Aktaş, A. (2022). “Health System Efficiency of OECD Countries with Data Envelopment Analysis”, Problemy Zarządzania - Management Issues, 20(4), 90-109. https://doi.org/10.7172/1644-9584.98.4
  13. Ersoy, Y. and Tehci, A. (2023).” Efficiency Evaluation of Energy Companies with Data Envelopment Analysis”, The Journal of International Scientific Researches, 8(3), 360-366. https://doi.org/10.23834/isrjournal.1331147
  14. Ersoy, Y. (2021). “Performance Evaluation in Distance Education by Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and TOPSIS Methods”, Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering, 46, 1803-1817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05087-0
  15. Ervural, B.C., Ervural, B. and Zaim. S. (2016). “Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Provinces in Turkey Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.009
  16. Farrell, M.J. (1957). “The Measurement of Productive Efficiency”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (General), 120(3): 253-281. https://doi.org/10.2307/2343100
  17. Gan, W., Yao, W. and Huang, S. (2022). “Evaluation of Green Logistics Efficiency in Jiangxi Province Based on Three-Stage DEA from the Perspective of High-Quality Development”, Sustainability, 14(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020797
  18. Güler, E., Kandemir, S.Y. and Açıkkalp, E. (2020). “Evaluation of the Efficiencies of the Energy Distribution Companies in Turkey with DEA”, BSEU Journal of Science, 7(1), 66-79. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.683652
  19. He, Z., Chen, P., Liu, H. and Guo, Z. (2017). “Performance Measurement System and Strategies for Developing Low-Carbon Logistics: A Case Study in China”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 156, 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.071
  20. Herold, D.M. and Lee, K-H. (2017). “Carbon Management in the Logistics and Transportation Sector: An Overview and New Research Directions”, Carbon Management, 8:1, 79-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2017.1283923
  21. Jiang, X., Ma, J., Zhu, H., Guo, X. and Huang, Z. (2020). “Evaluating the Carbon Emissions Efficiency of the Logistics Industry Based on a Super-SBM Model and the Malmquist Index from a Strong Transportation Strategy Perspective in China”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 8459. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228459
  22. Junior, Q.H. da S., Celestino, M.A. de S., de Souza, C.F.F., Falcao, V.A. and Camioto, F. de C. (2024). “CO2 Emissions in Air Transport: A Comparative Study Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Transportation Research Record, 2678(5), 872-883. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231193407
  23. Larina, I.V., Larin, A.N., Kiriliuk, O. and Ingaldi, M. (2021). “Green Logistics-Modern Transportation Process Technology”, Production Engineering Archives, 27(3), 184-190. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2021.27.24
  24. Lee, P.F., Lam, W.S. and Lam, W.H. (2023). “Performance Evaluation of the Efficiency of Logistics Companies with Data Envelopment Analysis Model”, Mathematics, 11(3), 718. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11030718
  25. Li, Y., Hou, W., Zhu, W., Li, F. and Liang, L. (2021). “Provincial Carbon Emission Performance Analysis in China Based on a Malmquist Data Envelopment Analysis Approach With Fixed Sum Undesirable Outputs”, Annals of Operations Research, 233-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04062-8
  26. Lu, C-C. and Lu, L-C. (2019). “Evaluating the Energy Efficiency of European Union Countries: The Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis”, Energy & Environment, 30(1), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X18787257
  27. Lu, Y. and Li, S. (2023).” Green Transportation Model in Logistics Considering The Carbon Emissions Costs Based on İmproved Grey Wolf Algorithm”, Sustainability, 15(14), 11090. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411090
  28. Menten, C., Çekiç, B. and Atıcı, K.B. (2020). “The Product- Based Efficiency Evaluation of Turkish Agricultural Sector”, Journal of Productivity, 2020(1), 117-141.
  29. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, MFA. (2024a). “Azerbaycan'ın Ekonomisi”, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/azerbaycan-ekonomisi.tr.mfa, (Accessed: 21.07.2024).
  30. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, MFA. (2024b). “Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti’nin Ekonomisi”, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/kazakistan-cumhuriyeti-ekonomisi.tr.mfa, (Accessed: 21.07.2024).
  31. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, MFA. (2024c). “Kırgızistan Cumhuriyeti’nin Ekonomisi”, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/kirgizistan-cumhuriyeti-ekonomik-iliskileri.tr.mfa, (Accessed: 21.07.2024).
  32. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, MFA. (2024d). “Özbekistan Cumhuriyeti’nin Ekonomisi”, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/ozbekistan-cumhuriyeti-ekonomisi.tr.mfa, (Accessed: 21.07.2024).
  33. Ministry of Trade (2024) “Statistics”, https://www.trade.gov.tr/statistics, (Accessed: 20.06.2024).
  34. Oukil, A., Kennedy, R.E., Al-Hajri, A. and Soltani, A.A. (2024). “Unveiling the Potential of Hotel Mergers: A Hybrid DEA Approach for Optimizing Sector-Wide Performance in the Hospitality Industry”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2023.103620
  35. Qin, W. and Qi, X. (2022). “Evaluation of Green Logistics Efficiency in Northwest China”, Sustainability, 14(11), 6848. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116848
  36. Seiford, L.M. and Thrall, R.M. (1990). “Recent Developments in DEA: the Mathematical Programming Appoach to Frontier Analysis”, Journal of Econometrics, 4, 7-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90045-U
  37. Selamzade, F., Ersoy, Y., Ozdemir, Y. and Celik, M.Y. (2023). “Health Efficiency Measurement of OECD Countries Against the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using DEA and MCDM Methods”, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 48(11), 15695-15712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-08114-y
  38. Sevim F., Şenol, O. and Akbulut F. (2024). “Evaluation of the Efficiency of Long‐Term Care Services in OECD Countries by DEA Method”, Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, 7(2), 376‐387
  39. Tatar, V. and Özer, M.B. (2017). “The Role of Logistics and Transport in Reducing Supply Chain Carbon Emissions”, Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 4(11), 631-637. https://doi.org/10.26450/jshsr.102
  40. TÜBA (2022). “TÜBA Report on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Energy”, https://www.tuba.gov.tr/tr/yayinlar/suresiz-yayinlar/raporlar/tuba-enerjide-yapay-zeknin-rolu-raporu, (Accessed: 20.06.2024).
  41. Turgut, A. and Budak, T. (2022). “Carbon Footprint of Logistics and Transportation: A Systematic Literature Review”, Urban Academy, 15(2), 91-930. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1071319
  42. Ulewicz, R., Siwiec, D., Pacana, A., Tutak, M. and Brodny, J. (2021). “Multi-Criteria Method for the Selection of Renewable Energy Sources in the Polish Industrial Sector”, Energies, 14(9), 2386. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092386
  43. Wang, H., Liu, X. and Liang, Y. (2023). “Measurement of CO2 Emissions Efficiency and Analysis of Influencing Factors of the Logistics Industry in Nine Coastal Provinces of China”, Sustainability, 15(19), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914423
  44. Wiedmann, T., Wood, R., Minx, J.C., Lenzen, M., Guan, D. and Harris, R. (2010). “A Carbon Footprint Time Series of the UK–Results from a Multi-Region Input–Output Model”, Economic Systems Research, 22(1), 19-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/09535311003612591
  45. Worldbank (2024). “Data”, https://data.worldbank.org/, (Accessed: 20.06.2024).
  46. Xiao, K., Ullah, W., Fu, J. and Zhang, X. (2023). “Poverty Alleviation Efficiency of Tourism and Its Spatiotemporal Differentiation in Jiangxi Province of China Based on the DEA Model”, Sage Open, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231168835
  47. Yağcı, B.E. and Sözen, A. (2024). “Turkey’s Energy Efficiency Activity Analysis”, Journal of Polytechnic, https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.859790
  48. Yüce, M. (2022). “Orta Asya Türk Cumhuriyetleri ve Türkiye ile İlişkiler”, https://www.setav.org/assets/uploads/2022/03/R195.pdf, SETA, İstanbul, (Accessed: 20.07.2024).
  49. Yüksel, O. (2023). “Efficiency in Medical Imaging Techniques in Hospitals According to Sectors”, Munzur Unıversıty Journal of Social Sciences, 12(2), 133-152.
  50. Zadmirzaei, M., Hasanzadeh, F., Susaeta, A. and Gutiérrez, E. (2024). “A Novel Integrated Fuzzy DEA–Artificial Intelligence Approach for Assessing Environmental Efficiency and Predicting CO2 Emissions”, Soft Computing, 28(1), 565-591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-023-08300-y