Journals / Verimlilik Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 60 Sayı: 2

Measuring the Aviation Performance of European Countries: A MEREC-AROMAN-Based Analysis Including Financial, Operational, and Environmental Dimensions

Avrupa Ülkelerinin Havacılık Performansının Ölçülmesi: Finansal, Operasyonel ve Çevresel Boyutları İçeren MEREC-AROMAN Tabanlı Bir Analiz

Abdulkadir Alıcı(KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-4796-6385
Pages
425–454
Publication Date
2026-04-20
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Findings: The results show that overall performance is more strongly differentiated by financial efficiency indicators, while environmental indicators produce more limited differentiation within the sample.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Purpose: This study aims to measure the aviation performance of selected European countries in an integrated manner, taking into account operational, financial, and environmental dimensions for the period 2015–2023, and to rank countries comparatively.
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Key Findings & Data:Criterion weights were objectively determined using MEREC, and countries' relative performances were calculated using AROMAN.
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Conclusion & Impact:Findings: The results show that overall performance is more strongly differentiated by financial efficiency indicators, while environmental indicators produce more limited differentiation within the sample.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2015–2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Havacılık Performansı · Operasyonel Performans · Finansal Performans

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to measure the aviation performance of selected European countries in an integrated manner, taking into account operational, financial, and environmental dimensions for the period 2015–2023, and to rank countries comparatively. Methodology: Ten dimensions have been defined using Eurostat-based data: In the operational dimension: aviation mobility, fleet density, and logistics capacity; in the financial dimension: operating profitability, labor productivity, revenue per unit, and aviation's share of GDP; in the environmental dimension: aviation CO₂ emissions per passenger, ratio to GDP, and share of national total CO₂. Criterion weights were objectively determined using MEREC, and countries' relative performances were calculated using AROMAN. Findings: The results show that overall performance is more strongly differentiated by financial efficiency indicators, while environmental indicators produce more limited differentiation within the sample. Malta and Iceland consistently ranked in the top tiers throughout the 2015–2023 period, while Cyprus and Bulgaria remained in the lower tiers throughout the period. The pre-pandemic/post-pandemic comparison shows that COVID-19 caused a structural break in the ranking dynamics; Germany rose from an average of 18th to 5th place and Slovenia rose from 14th to 8th, standing out positively, while Norway fell from 10th to 18th and Portugal fell from 8th to 11th, struggling to manage the pressure of the crisis. Originality: The study combines the three dimensions within a single framework, utilizing Eurostat-based ratio/intensity indicators, to provide a comparable, repeatable, and integrated assessment of aviation performance across countries.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Seçili Avrupa ülkelerinin havacılık performansını 2015–2023 döneminde operasyonel, finansal ve çevresel boyutları birlikte dikkate alarak bütünleşik biçimde ölçmeyi ve ülkeleri karşılaştırmalı olarak sıralamayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Eurostat tabanlı verilerle 10 boyut tanımlanmıştır: Operasyonel boyutta havacılık hareketliliği, filo yoğunluğu ve lojistik kapasite; finansal boyutta faaliyet kârlılığı, işgücü verimliliği, birim gelir ve havacılığın GSYH içindeki payı; çevresel boyutta havacılık CO₂ emisyonlarının yolcu başına, GSYH’ye oranı ve ulusal toplam CO₂ içindeki payı. Kriter ağırlıkları nesnel olarak MEREC ile belirlenmiş, ülkelerin göreli performansları AROMAN ile hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Sonuçlar, toplam performansın özellikle finansal verimlilik göstergeleri tarafından daha güçlü ayrıştırıldığını; çevresel göstergelerin ise örneklem içinde daha sınırlı farklılaşma üretebildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Malta ve İzlanda’nın 2015–2023 boyunca üst sıralarda kalıcı biçimde yer aldığını; Kıbrıs ve Bulgaristan’ın ise dönem boyunca sürekli alt bantta seyrettiğini göstermektedir. Pandemi öncesi/sonrası karşılaştırma ise COVID-19’un sıralama dinamiklerinde yapısal bir kırılma yarattığını; Almanya’nın ortalama 18. sıradan 5. sıraya ve Slovenya’nın 14’ten 8’e yükselerek pozitif ayrıştığını, buna karşılık Norveç’in 10’dan 18’e ve Portekiz’in 8’den 11’e gerileyerek kriz baskısını yönetmekte zorlandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Özgünlük: Çalışma, Eurostat temelli oran/yoğunluk göstergeleriyle üç boyutu tek çerçevede birleştirerek ülkeler arası karşılaştırılabilir, tekrarlanabilir ve bütünleşik bir havacılık performans değerlendirmesi sunmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Alıcı, A. (2026). Measuring the Aviation Performance of European Countries: A MEREC-AROMAN-Based Analysis Including Financial, Operational, and Environmental Dimensions. Verimlilik Dergisi, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 2, 425–454. https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1846415

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