Umar's Assurance of Safety to the people of Aelia (Jerusalem): A Critical Analytical study of the Historical Source.

References (1)

1. Zakariyya al-Quda "Mu'ahadit Fatih Bayt al-Maqdis: al-Uhda alUmariyya" in Muhammad Adnan al-Bakhit and Ihsan Abass (edes.), Bilad al-Sham Ji Sadir al-Islam, (University of Jordan and University of Yarmuk, Jordan, 1 987), vol. 2, pp. 279-283. Ali Ajin ''Al-Uhda al-Umariyya", A l-Hikma Journal (no. 1 0, 1 4 17 AH), pp. 75 -87. Daniel J. Sahas "Patriarch Sophronious, Umar Ibn al-Khattab and the Conquest of Jerusalem", in Hadia Dajani-Shakeel and Burhan Dajani, A l-Sira ' al-lslami al-Faranji ala Filastin fi al-Qurun al- Wasta (The Islamic - Frankish (lfranj) conflict over Palestine during the Middle Ages (The Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 1 9 94), p. 54. Muhammad Ibn Umar al-Waqidi, Futuh al-Sham (Cairo, 1 95 4), part one, pp. 2 1 4, 242. Muhammad al-Baladhuri, Futuh al-Buldan (Cairo, 1 93 6), part one, pp. 1 14 - 1 45. It is interesting to note that the narrations of al-Baladhuri and Abu Ubayd (died 224 AH) - in his book A l-Amwal from Abdullah Ibn Salih from al-Layth Ibn Said from Yazid Ibn Abi Habib - concur that it was agreed that everything within the City walls should remain in the hands of the inhabitants as long as they paid the Jizya tax. The areas outside the City walls would be in the hands of the conquering Muslims. Abu Ubayed alQassim Ibn Salam, A l-Amwal, (Beriut, 1 986), p. 168. This historical event undoubtedly ties in with our forthcoming discussion of Islam ' s attitude toward plurality, conflict, and justice. Moreover, it supports the hypothesis of one of my postgraduate students, Haitham al-Ratrut, in his doctoral thesis on the status of al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem's early Islamic architecture. From his study of the historical sources, archaeological and architectural studies, and reports on excavations in Jerusalem, al-Ratrut attempts to ascertain whether the area of Al-Aqsa Mosque, on which the Muslims built the mosque after the conquest, fell outside or within the City walls. The author is indebted to Haitham al-Ratrut for providing this information and for introducing him to the narration of Abu Ubayd in his book A l-Amwal. Al-Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya 'qub i (Beirut, 1 960), part two, pp. 46, 1 67. Said Ibn al-Batriq (Eutychius), A l-Tarikh al-Majmu ' (Beirut, 1 905), part two, p. 16. Daniel J. Sahas "Patriarch Sophronious, Umar Ibn al-Khattab and the Conquest of Jerusalem", p. 65. Al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Russul wa al-Mulwuk (Cairo, 1960), part one, pp. 2399, 2405 -2406, Ibn al-Jawzi, Fada 'ii al-Quds (Beirut, 1 980), pp. 123 - 1