Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar
AI InsightOn the other hand, portfolio investments, which are the speculative and variable investment components, make up risky and problematic way of solving undercapitalization problem of developing countries.Keywords: International Capital Movements, Direct Foreign Direct Investments, Foreign Portfolio InvestmentsJEL Classification: F20, F32
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Özet
2008 küresel ekonomik kriziyle birlikte ciddi ölçülerde azalan sermaye hareketlerinin kriz sonrasında yeniden artış göstermesi bu konudaki tartışmaları yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. İç tasarrufları, teknolojisi ve dövizi yetersiz gelişmekte olan ülkeler kalkınmalarını finanse etmek ve böylece gelişmiş ülkelerle aralarındaki farkı kapatabilmek için yabancı sermayeye gereksinim duymaktadır. Bu çalışmada gelişmekte olan ülkelere yönelik sermaye hareketlerinin makroekonomik sonuçları incelenmektedir. Özellikle doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ve portföy yatırımları üzerinde odaklanan çalışmada sermaye hareketlerinin gelişimi ve belirleyicileri ve ekonomi üzerindeki olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri tartışılmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler, sağladığı teknoloji ve bilgi transferi nedeniyle verimliliği arttırıp, ekonomik büyümeyi destekleyen ve ani geri dönüş olasılığı düşük olan doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarına daha çok önem vermelidir. Buna karşın spekülatif ve değişken bir sermaye bileşeni olan portföy yatırımları, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin sermaye yetersizliği problemini çözmenin riskli ve sorunlu yolunu oluşturmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Uluslararası Sermaye Hareketleri, Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları, Yabancı Portföy YatırımlarıJEL Sınıflandırması: F20, F32 CAPITAL FLOWS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND ECONOMIC RESULTSAbstractThe increase -after the crisis- in capital movements which drastically decreased due to 2008 global economic crisis has put the clock back on this issue. Countries that are underdeveloped in terms of domestic savings, technology and foreign exchange need a foreign capital in order to finance the development and thus, to bridge the gaps with the developed countries. In this study, the macroeconomic consequences of capital movements towards the developed countries have been examined. This study particularly focusing directly on foreign capital investments and portfolio investments has discussed the development and determinants of capital movements and the positive and negative effects on the economy. Developing countries should increase productivity by the reason of providing technology and knowledge transfer and should place a great emphasis on foreign direct capital investments that promote economic growth and have a minimum possibility of sudden return. On the other hand, portfolio investments, which are the speculative and variable investment components, make up risky and problematic way of solving undercapitalization problem of developing countries.Keywords: International Capital Movements, Direct Foreign Direct Investments, Foreign Portfolio InvestmentsJEL Classification: F20, F32
Abstract
The increase -after the crisis- in capital movements which drastically decreased due to 2008 global economic crisis has put the clock back on this issue. Countries that are underdeveloped in terms of domestic savings, technology and foreign exchange need a foreign capital in order to finance the development and thus, to bridge the gaps with the developed countries. In this study, the macroeconomic consequences of capital movements towards the developed countries have been examined. This study particularly focusing directly on foreign capital investments and portfolio investments has discussed the development and determinants of capital movements and the positive and negative effects on the economy. Developing countries should increase productivity by the reason of providing technology and knowledge transfer and should place a great emphasis on foreign direct capital investments that promote economic growth and have a minimum possibility of sudden return. On the other hand, portfolio investments, which are the speculative and variable investment components, make up risky and problematic way of solving undercapitalization problem of developing countries