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Dergiler / Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: 13

Pinus sylvestris L. ibrelerinin uçucu bileşik ve fenolik profillerinde yaşa bağlı değişimler

Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles

Fatma Merve Nacakcı(Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Orman fakültesi)0000-0002-6908-2046
Nazlı Öğüt(ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ)0009-0003-8375-3808
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Yayın Tarihi
2026-10-12
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bulgular Analizler sonucunda toplam 81 uçucu bileşik tespit edilmiştir. α-pinene (%18,79), caryophyllene (%11,10), germacrene D (%10,94) ve β-pinene (%7,47) başlıca bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Giriş ve Hedefler Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.), geniş yayılış alanı ve zengin uçucu bileşik içeriği nedeniyle ekolojik ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir türdür.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bu çalışmada, farklı yaş gruplarındaki sarıçam bireylerinin iğne yapraklarında bulunan uçucu bileşiklerin belirlenmesi ve yaşın bu bileşikler üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Bulgular Analizler sonucunda toplam 81 uçucu bileşik tespit edilmiştir. α-pinene (%18,79), caryophyllene (%11,10), germacrene D (%10,94) ve β-pinene (%7,47) başlıca bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir.
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Yaşa bağlı değişim · uçucu bileşen · GC-MS

Özet

Giriş ve Hedefler Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.), geniş yayılış alanı ve zengin uçucu bileşik içeriği nedeniyle ekolojik ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir türdür. Bu çalışmada, farklı yaş gruplarındaki sarıçam bireylerinin iğne yapraklarında bulunan uçucu bileşiklerin belirlenmesi ve yaşın bu bileşikler üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bulgular Analizler sonucunda toplam 81 uçucu bileşik tespit edilmiştir. α-pinene (%18,79), caryophyllene (%11,10), germacrene D (%10,94) ve β-pinene (%7,47) başlıca bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm yaş gruplarında monoterpen hidrokarbonlar baskın bileşik sınıfını oluşturmuştur. Ayrıca, bazı seskiterpen bileşiklerin yaşla birlikte artış eğilimi gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Kateşin en yüksek miktarda bulunan fenolik bileşen olurken, epikateşin ve p-kumarik asit yalnızca 25 yaş grubunda belirlenmiştir. PCA sonuçları, yaş gruplarının uçucu bileşik profilleri bakımından birbirinden ayrıldığını ve yaşın kimyasal kompozisyon üzerinde etkili bir faktör olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar Elde edilen bulgular, sarıçam iğnelerinin uçucu bileşik profilinin yaşa bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, türün kimyasal özelliklerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca farmakolojik, aromatik ve endüstriyel amaçlarla değerlendirilecek uçucu bileşiklerin elde edilmesinde uygun yaş grubunun belirlenmesine yönelik çalışmalara temel oluşturabilecek niteliktedir.

Abstract

Background and aims Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is an ecologically and economically important species due to its wide distribution and rich content of volatile compounds. The aim of this study was to identify the volatile compounds present in the needles of Scots pine individuals of different age groups and to determine the effect of age on these compounds. Methods The study material consisted of needle samples collected from 5-, 25-, and 70-year-old Scots pine trees growing in Gölcük Nature Park. The GC-MS method was used to identify volatile compounds, and the RP-HPLC method was used to identify phenolic compounds; differences among age groups were evaluated using statistical analyses and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results The analyses identified a total of 81 volatile compounds. α-pinene (18.79%), caryophyllene (11.10%), germacrene D (10.94%), and β-pinene (7.47%) were identified as the major compounds. Monoterpene hydrocarbons constituted the major compound class across all age groups. Additionally, it was determined that the levels of some sesquiterpene compounds tended to increase with age. While catechin was the phenolic compound present in the highest amount, epicatechin and p-coumaric acid were detected only in the 25-year-old age group. PCA results revealed that the age groups were distinguishable from one another in terms of their volatile compound profiles and that age is a significant factor influencing chemical composition. Conclusions The findings indicate that the volatile compound profile of Scots pine needles changes with age. These results contribute to a better understanding of the species’ chemical properties. Furthermore, they provide a basis for studies aimed at determining the appropriate age group for the extraction of volatile compounds for pharmacological, aromatic, and industrial applications.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Nacakcı, F. M., Öğüt, N. (2026). Pinus sylvestris L. ibrelerinin uçucu bileşik ve fenolik profillerinde yaşa bağlı değişimler. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı: 13. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1976626

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