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Dergiler / SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2

FARKLI BRANŞLARDAKİ ADÖLESAN KADIN SPORCULARIN BESLENME DURUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

EVALUATION OF THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ADOLESCENT FEMALE ATHLETES IN DIFFERENT SPORTS DISCIPLINES

Dilek Kendir(Türkiye Olimpiyat Hazırlık Merkezi)0000-0001-9486-2952
Demet Önen(GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-1221-129X
Efsun Karabudak(SANKO ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-4210-1657
Sayfa
412–427
Yayın Tarihi
2026-06-30
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bulgular, spor branşına özgü beslenme periyotlamasının, sporcu diyetisyeni tarafından kişiselleştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Bu çalışma, farklı branşlarındaki (halter ve atletizm) sporcuların besin tüketim durumları, vücut kompozisyonları, antropometrik ölçümleri, vücut algıları ve yeme tutum durumlarını değerlendirerek branşlar arası farklılıkları ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Çalışmaya 14–18 yaş aralığında 32 adölesan kadın sporcu [16 halterci (16.3 ± 1.18 yıl) ve 16 atlet (15.9 ± 1.54 yıl)] dahil edilmiştir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Bulgular, spor branşına özgü beslenme periyotlamasının, sporcu diyetisyeni tarafından kişiselleştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Adölesan · beslenme · halter

Özet

Bu çalışma, farklı branşlarındaki (halter ve atletizm) sporcuların besin tüketim durumları, vücut kompozisyonları, antropometrik ölçümleri, vücut algıları ve yeme tutum durumlarını değerlendirerek branşlar arası farklılıkları ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya 14–18 yaş aralığında 32 adölesan kadın sporcu [16 halterci (16.3 ± 1.18 yıl) ve 16 atlet (15.9 ± 1.54 yıl)] dahil edilmiştir. Sporcuların antropometrik ölçümleri ile vücut kompozisyonları araştırmacı tarafından gerçekleştirilmiş ve vücut kompozisyonu Biyoelektrik İmpedans Analizi cihazı ile kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Üç günlük (iki antrenman yapılan, bir istirahat günü) besin tüketimi (24 saatlik kayıt yöntemi) ile fiziksel aktivite kayıtları alınmıştır. Yeme bozukluk riski Yeme Tutum Testi (EAT-40) ile, vücut algısı ise Vücut Algısı Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Haltercilerin vücut yağ oranı (%21.1 ± 6.40) ve yağ kütlesi (11.7 ± 4.70 kg), atletlere göre (sırasıyla %17.5 ± 3.88; 8.5 ± 2.44 kg) daha yüksektir (p=0.040, p=0.040). EAT-40 puanı ≥30 olan sporcu oranı halterde %18.7 ve atletizmde %12.5’dir (p=0.999). Diyet protein alımı ise haltercilerde (1.7 ± 0.34 g/kg) atletlere (1.3 ± 0.33 g/kg) göre yüksektir (p=0.018). Haltercilerin diyetle referans alım (DRI) karşılama yüzdelerine göre enerji (%97.0 ± 14.84), toplam protein (%190.4 ± 33.35) ve vücut ağırlığına (kg) göre protein alım (%194.5 ± 40.29) değerleri atletlere (sırasıyla, %83.4 ± 13.07; %143.9 ± 32.77; %158.1 ± 38.42) göre daha yüksektir (p=0.009, p=0.000, p=0.003). Her sporcu grubunda folat, potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum ve demir alımı yetersizdir. Bulgular, spor branşına özgü beslenme periyotlamasının, sporcu diyetisyeni tarafından kişiselleştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the food consumption status, body composition, and anthropometric measurements of athletes from different disciplines (weightlifting and athletics) and to clarify the interrelationships among these parameters, as well as to identify differences between the branches. The study included 32 adolescent female athletes aged 14–18 years (16 weightlifters and 16 athletics). Demographic information, health status, branch characteristics were determined via a questionnaire. Three-day (two training days, one rest day) food consumption (24-hour record) and physical activity records were obtained. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40) was administered to assess eating disorder risk, and the Body Cathexis Scale was administered to assess body image. Anthropometric measurements and body composition analyses were conducted by the researcher. Weightlifters had significantly higher body fat percentage (21.1±6.40%) and fat mass (11.7 ± 4.70 kg) compared to athletics (17.5 ± 3.88; 8.5 ± 2.44 kg, respectively) (p=0.040, p=0.040). The proportion of athletes with an EAT-40 score ≥30 was 18.7% in weightlifting and 12.5% in athletics (p>0.05). Dietary protein intake was significantly higher in weightlifters (1.7 ± 0.34 g/kg) than in athletics (1.3 ± 0.33 g/kg) (p=0.018). The weightlifting group's percentage of fulfillment the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for energy (97.0 ± 14.84%), total protein (190.4 ± 33.35%), and protein intake per body weight (kg) (194.5 ± 40.29%) was significantly higher than that of the athletics group (83.4 ± 13.07%, 143.9 ± 32.77%, and 158.1 ± 38.42%, respectively) (p=0.009, p=0.000, p=0.003). In both groups, folate, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron intake were inadequate. Findings indicate that sports-specific nutrition periodization should be personalized by the sports dietitian.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Kendir, D., Önen, D., Karabudak, E. (2026). FARKLI BRANŞLARDAKİ ADÖLESAN KADIN SPORCULARIN BESLENME DURUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 412–427. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1799821

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