Journals / Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası / 2019 / Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 56

Humanities in Medical Education and The Potentiality of Narrative Medicine

Tıp Eğitiminde İnsani Boyut ve Anlatı Tıbbının İmkânları

Pages
123–137
Publication Date
2019-12-30
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Narrative competencies gained with learning activities like close reading and narrative writing can contribute to raise more qualified doctors whose humanistic awareness has increased.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Flexner report is the turning point in terms of establishing of biomedical perspective in medical education.
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Key Findings & Data:An integrated/biopsychosocial approach, which not only cares for patients’ bodies but also psychic lives and social context is supported.
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Conclusion & Impact:Narrative competencies gained with learning activities like close reading and narrative writing can contribute to raise more qualified doctors whose humanistic awareness has increased.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Biyomedikal Yaklaşım · Tıpta İnsan Bilimleri · Tıp ve Edebiyat

Abstract

Flexner report is the turning point in terms of establishing of biomedical perspective in medical education. Biomedical perspective in medical education gains power during the term after Flexner but humanistic and socio-cultural aspects in health education and health care processes are lost. Human and ill individuals are reduced to biological and even molecular level. That people also live a meaning focused life is neglected. Over time, a meaningful resistance against biomedical perspective regarded as “integration-loss” begins to appear. An integrated/biopsychosocial approach, which not only cares for patients’ bodies but also psychic lives and social context is supported. Academicians draw attention to the role that social and humanistic sciences play in terms of hermeneutics paradigm. The integration of social and humanistic sciences into medical education programs accelerates over time and “human in medicine” education develops on this contextual ground. Medicine and literature studies, together with biopsychosocial approach, which are among human in medicine make narrative medicine appear with the engagement of interpersonal experiences including doctor-patient narrative interaction. As a consequence of holistic/humanistic approach, narrative medicine develops as a result of the efforts to integrate humanities into medical education against the reductionist approach of the biomedical perspective. Narrative medicine, in the context of medicine and literature, aims to embed the artistic discourse of literature in medical education. The narrative medicine, which is defined as the capacity of recognizing, internalizing and interpreting narratives of disease, gives the possibility of improving the loss of integrity in medical education. Narrative competencies gained with learning activities like close reading and narrative writing can contribute to raise more qualified doctors whose humanistic awareness has increased.

Özet

Flexner raporu, biyomedikal görüşün tıp eğitimine yerleşmesi açısından dönüm noktası olur. Flexner sonrası dönemde tıp eğitiminde biyomedikal yaklaşım güçlenir ancak sağlık eğitiminde ve sağlık bakım süreçlerinde insani ve sosyokültürel yön kaybedilir. İnsan ve hasta bireyler biyolojik ve hatta moleküler düzeye indirgenir. İnsanların aynı zamanda anlam odaklı hayat yaşadıkları gözden kaçırılır. Zaman içerisinde “bütünlüğün kaybı” olarak değerlendirilen biyomedikal görüşe karşı anlamlı bir direnç ortaya çıkmaya başlar. Yalnızca hastaların bedenlerini değil aynı zamanda onların psişik yaşamlarını ve sosyal bağlamlarını da dikkate alan bütüncül bir yaklaşım olan “biyopsikososyal perspektif” savunulur. Tıp akademisyenleri, yorumlayıcı paradigma çerçevesinde sosyal ve insani bilimlerin sağlık hizmetlerinde oynayabileceği role dikkat çekerler. Sosyal ve insani bilimlerin tıp eğitimi programlarına entegrasyonu süreç içerisinde hız kazanır ve tıp eğitiminde “tıpta insan bilimleri” bu bağlamsal zeminde gelişir. Tıpta insan bilimleri içerisinde yer alan tıp ve edebiyat çalışmaları, biyopsikososyal yaklaşımla birlikte, doktor-hasta anlatı etkileşimi dâhil olmak üzere, kişilerarası deneyimlerin devreye girmesiyle anlatı tıbbını ortaya çıkarır. Dolayısıyla anlatı tıbbı, tıp eğitiminde biyomedikal perspektifin göz ardı ettiği insanı bütün olarak değerlendirme yaklaşımına karşı tıpta insan bilimlerinin tıp eğitimine entegre edilmesi çalışmalarının bir sonucu olarak gelişir. Tıp ve edebiyat bağlamında anlatı tıbbı, edebiyatın sanatsal söyleminin tıp eğitimine yedirilmesi amacını güder. Hastalık hikâyelerini tanıma, özümseme, yorumlama kapasitesi olarak tanımlanan anlatı tıbbı, tıp eğitiminde bütünlüğün kaybının iyileştirilmesi imkânı doğurur. Yakın/derinlikli okuma ve anlatısal/reflektif yazım gibi eğitim etkinlikleri ile kazanılan anlatı yeterlikleri, insani duyarlılığı artmış daha nitelikli hekimler yetişmesine katkı sağlayabilir.

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Cite This Article

YILDIZ, M., GÜLPINAR, M. A. (2019). Humanities in Medical Education and The Potentiality of Narrative Medicine. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 56, 123–137. https://ajindex.com/articles/92990

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