Journals / Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi / 2006 / Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 2

Diffuculties in the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder with comorbid anxiety symptoms

Anksiyete belirtilerinin eşlik ettiği majör depresif bozukluğun tanı ve sağaltımındaki güçlükler

Pages
139–146
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Given the burden of illness caused by MDD, and given that anxiety is a common component of MDD and that full symptom resolution should be the goal of antidepressant therapy, efficacy in treating the symptoms of anxiety associated with depression may be an important component of the overall treatment of depression.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and costly disorder.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The presence of anxiety has been associated with greater severity of depression and functional impairment, as well as increased suicide risk.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Given the burden of illness caused by MDD, and given that anxiety is a common component of MDD and that full symptom resolution should be the goal of antidepressant therapy, efficacy in treating the symptoms of anxiety associated with depression may be an important component of the overall treatment of depression.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Depresif bozukluk · majör · Antidepresif ajanlar

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and costly disorder. MDD often occurs with comorbid symptoms of anxiety. While symptoms of anxiety are not part of the diagnosis criteria of MDD, it has been recognized for many years that anxiety may play a critical role in depressive illness. The presence of anxiety has been associated with greater severity of depression and functional impairment, as well as increased suicide risk. Moreover, anxiety symptoms have been associated with reduced antidepressant response, in addition to greater risk of relapse and chronicity. Recently, emphasis has been placed on remission as the goal in the treatment of MDD. Patients who achieve remission have more favorable long-term outcomes than those who have appreciable improvement, but still have residual symptoms. Given the burden of illness caused by MDD, and given that anxiety is a common component of MDD and that full symptom resolution should be the goal of antidepressant therapy, efficacy in treating the symptoms of anxiety associated with depression may be an important component of the overall treatment of depression. Treatment of anxious depression presents unique challenges, optimally involving pharmacological agents that are effective for both depression and anxiety. The likely role of abnormal serotonergic neurotransmission in anxiety is widely supported, while the role of norepinephrine is less clear. A large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that a perturbation in norepinephrine neurotransmission contributes to the symptoms of anxiety. It has been suggested that agents with dual reuptake inhibition of 5-HT and norepinephrine may be particularly effective in treating anxiety.

Özet

Majör depresif bozukluk (MDB) sık görülen ve topluma maliyeti yüksek olan yıkıcı bir bozukluktur. Veriler, depresyonda en sık görülen belirtinin anksiyete olduğunu ve neredeyse tüm depresif kişilerde farklı şiddetlerde bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Depresyon tanısı koymak için anksiyete belirtilerine ihtiyaç yoktur. Bir anksiyete bozukluğunun ölçütlerini karşılamayan anksiyete belirtileri, depresif bozukluğun bir parçası olarak kabul edilir. MDB’de anksiyete belirtilerinin varlığı şiddetli bir seyir, işlevsellik kaybı, özkıyım riskinin artması ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Son yıllarda MDB sağaltımındaki ana hedefin düzelme olduğu üzerinde durulmaktadır. Düzelme gösteren kişilerde gidiş, kalıntı belirtiler gösterenlere göre daha iyidir. Anksiyete belirtileri MDB’nin sık görülen bir bileşeni olduğuna göre antidepresan ile sağaltımın ana amacı olan düzelmeye ulaşabilmek için MDB’ye eşlik eden anksiyete belirtilerinin etkin bir şekilde giderilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu durumda anksiyete giderici etkisi olan bir antidepresanın etkinliğinin daha iyi olacağı düşünülebilir. Dolayısıyla antidepresan etkinlikleri birbirine benzer olan antidepresanların, anksiyete giderici etkilerinin farklı olup olmadığını bilmek önemlidir. Son yıllarda noradrenerjik sistemin anksiyete patofizyolojisinde serotonerjik sistem kadar önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir. MDB’ye eşlik eden anksiyete belirtilerinin sağaltımında serotonin ve noradrenalin gerialımını engelleyen ilaçlar, tek sistem üzerinden etki eden diğer antidepresanlara göre daha etkili olabilirler.

🔖

Cite This Article

AKKAYA, C. (2006). Diffuculties in the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder with comorbid anxiety symptoms. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 2, 139–146. https://ajindex.com/articles/91971

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. Aguglia E, Casacchia M, Cassano GB ve ark. (1993) Double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline versus fluoxetine in major depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 8: 197-202.
  2. Akkaya C, Eker S, Yazıcıoğlu B ve ark. (2004) Majör depresyona eşlik eden anksiyete belirtilerinin Venlafaksin XR’ın tedavi sonuçlarına etkisi. Yeni Symposium, 42: 189-196.
  3. Angst J (1992) Epidemiology of depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 106: 71-74.
  4. Baca E, Gonzalez de Chavez M, Garcia-Toro M ve ark. (2003) Sertraline is more effective than imipramine in the treatment of non-melancholic depression: results from a multicentre, randomized study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 27: 493-500.
  5. Bakish D (1999) The patient with comorbid depression and anxiety: the unmet need. J Clin Psychiatry, 60(Suppl 6): 20-24.
  6. Bakish D (2001) New standart of depression treatment: remission and full recovery. J Clin Psychiatry, 62(suppl 26): 5-9.
  7. Beasley CM Jr, Nilsson ME, Koke SC ve ark. (2000) Efficacy, adverse events and treatment discontinuations in fluoxetine clinical studies of major depression: a meta-analysis of the 20-mg/day dose. J Clin Psychiatry, 61: 722-728.
  8. Bech P, Allerup P, Gram LF ve ark. (1981) The Hamilton depression scale. Evaluation of objectivity using logistic models. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 63:290-299.
  9. Boerner RJ, Moller HJ (1999) The importance of new antidepressants in the treatment of anxiety/depressive disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry, 32: 119-126.
  10. Boyer W, Feighner JP (1998) The utility of SSRIs in anxious depression. SSRIs In Depression and Anxiety, 1. baskı, Montgomery SA, Den Boer JA (Ed), Chichester. John Wiley&Sons Ltd, s. 101-114.
  11. Coplan J, Tiffon L, Gorman JM (1993) Therapeutic strategies for the patient with treatment-resistant anxiety. J Clin Psychiatry, 54 (Suppl): 69-74.
  12. Danacı AE, Şen FS, Aydemir Ö ve ark. (2000) Depresif bozukluk tanılı hastalarda benzodiazepin kullanımı. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni, 10:16-20.
  13. Davidson JR, Meoni P, Haudiquet V ve ark. (2002) Achieving remission with venlafaxine and fluoxetine in major depression: its relationship to anxiety symptoms. Depress Anxiety, 16:4-13.
  14. Davis JM, Glassman AH (1989) Antidepressant drugs. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry, 5. baskı, cild 2, Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ (Ed), Baltimore. Williams and Wilkins, s. 1627-1655.
  15. Delgado PL, Moreno FA (2000) Role of norepinephrine in depression. J Clin Psychiatry, 61(suppl 1): 5-12.
  16. De Nayer A, Geerts S, Ruelens L ve ark. (2002) Venlafaxine compare