Journals / Ilahiyat Studies / 2015 / Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 2

Muslim Responses to the Crusades – An Analysis of the Muslim Ideological, Military, and Diplomatic Responses to the Medieval Christian Crusades –

Pages
219–252
Publication Date
2016-06-17
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This paper attempts to highlight and explore the Muslim ideological, religious, military, and diplomatic responses to the Crusaders.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Muslim responses to the Crusades have been a focus of modern scholarship in both Crusades studies and medieval Islamic history over the last decade or so.
📊
Key Findings & Data:This important aspect of the Crusades had been largely, if not entirely, ignored by Western scholars owing to their particular Western academic environment.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:This paper attempts to highlight and explore the Muslim ideological, religious, military, and diplomatic responses to the Crusaders.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Muslim response · Crusades · crusaders

Abstract

Muslim responses to the Crusades have been a focus of modern scholarship in both Crusades studies and medieval Islamic history over the last decade or so. This important aspect of the Crusades had been largely, if not entirely, ignored by Western scholars owing to their particular Western academic environment. One of the common misconceptions about the Muslim understanding of and response to the Crusaders is the view that the Muslims knew little, if anything, about them and were confused about the difference between the Byzantines and the Franks (Crusaders). Consequently, it took the Muslims approximately a half century to organize a unified Muslim front to fight against the Crusaders. Despite this view, Muslim sources reveal that Muslim intellectuals and religious figures closely observed the Crusaders’ actions and motives, and they did, in various ways, respond to this hitherto unimagined flood of people from the West. This paper attempts to highlight and explore the Muslim ideological, religious, military, and diplomatic responses to the Crusaders.

Özet

Muslim responses to the Crusades have been a focus of modern scholarship in both Crusades studies and medieval Islamic history over the last decade or so. This important aspect of the Crusades had been largely, if not entirely, ignored by Western scholars owing to their particular Western academic environment. One of the common misconceptions about the Muslim understanding of and response to the Crusaders is the view that the Muslims knew little, if anything, about them and were confused about the difference between the Byzantines and the Franks (Crusaders). Consequently, it took the Muslims approximately a half century to organize a unified Muslim front to fight against the Crusaders. Despite this view, Muslim sources reveal that Muslim intellectuals and religious figures closely observed the Crusaders’ actions and motives, and they did, in various ways, respond to this hitherto unimagined flood of people from the West. This paper attempts to highlight and explore the Muslim ideological, religious, military, and diplomatic responses to the Crusaders.

🔖

Cite This Article

GADA, D. M. Y. (2016). Muslim Responses to the Crusades – An Analysis of the Muslim Ideological, Military, and Diplomatic Responses to the Medieval Christian Crusades –. Ilahiyat Studies, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 2, 219–252. https://ajindex.com/articles/852392

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (12)

  1. Abū Shāma al-Maqdisī, Abū l-Qāsim Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ismāʿīl, ʿUyūn al-rawḍatayn fī akhbār al-dawlatayn al-Nūriyya wa-l-Ṣalāḥiyya, 5 vols., (ed. Ibrāhīm al-Zaybaq; Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risāla, 1997).
  2. Akbar, M. J., The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict between Islam and Christianity (London & New York: Routledge, 2002).
  3. Atiya, Azīz Suryal, Crusade, Commerce, and Culture (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962). Azzām, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Saladin (Harlow, England & New York: Pearson Longman, 2009). al-Bayhaqī, Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī, Shuʿab al-īmān, 14 vols., (Riyadh: Maktabat al-Rushd, 2003).
  4. Bonner, Michael, Jihād in Islamic History: Doctrines and Practices (Princeton & Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006). al-Bukhārī, al-Imām Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 9 vols., (translated into English by Muḥammad Muḥsin Khān; Riyadh: Dār al-Salām, 1997).
  5. Christie, Niall, The Book of the Jihād of ʿAli ibn Tahir al-Sulami (d. 1106): Text, Translation and Commentary (Farnham, England: Ashgate Publishing, 2015).
  6. Christie, Niall, Muslims and Crusades: Christianity’s Wars in the Middle East 1095-1382: From the Islamic Sources (New York, NY: Routledge, 2014).
  7. Cobb, Paul M., The Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014).
  8. Dajani-Shakeel, Hadia, “A Reassessment of Some Medieval and Modern Perceptions of the Counter-Crusade,” in Hadia Dajani-Shakeel and Ronald A. Messier (eds.), The Jihād and Its Times: Dedicated to Andrew Stefan Ehrenkreutz (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Near Eastern and North African Studies, 1991), 41-70.
  9. Dajani-Shakeel, Hadia, “Diplomatic Relations between Muslim and Frankish Rulers 1097-1153 A.D.,” in Maya Shatzmiller (ed.), Crusaders and Muslims in Twelfth-Century Syria (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993), 190-215. Dajani­Shakeel, Hadia, “Some Medieval Accounts of Salah al­Din's Recovery of Jerusalem (Al­Quds),” in Hisham Nashab (ed.), Studia Palaestina: Studies in honour of Constantine K. Zurayk (Beirut: Beirut Institute for Palestine Studies, 1988), 83-113, retrieved from http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/med/salahdin.asp
  10. Elad, Amikam, Medieval Jerusalem and Islamic Worship: Holy Places, Ceremonies, Pilgrimage (2nd edn., Leiden: Brill, 1999).
  11. Foss, Michael, People of the First Crusade: The Truth about the Christian-Muslim War Revealed (New York: Arcade Publishing, 1997).
  12. Gabrieli, Francesco, The Arab Historians of the Crusades