Journals / Econder Uluslararası Akademik Dergi / 2020 / Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 2

American Central Bank FED’s Monetary Policy Tools and Independence

Amerikan Merkez Bankası FED’in Para Politikası Araçları ve Bağımsızlığı

Pages
421–447
Publication Date
2020-12-30
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Those defending the independence of the Fed argue that, contrary to political authority, the Fed will implement long-term policies that are far from popular; and those who objected to the fact that the Fed did not come to the polls as anti-democratic and dictated the decisions to the public as unconstitutional.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The Fed has two main tasks, such as ensuring price stability and increasing employment.
📊
Key Findings & Data:To achieve these targets, the Fed implements four different monetary policy instruments: open market operations, reserve interest rates, discount rate and payment of interest to reserves.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Those defending the independence of the Fed argue that, contrary to political authority, the Fed will implement long-term policies that are far from popular; and those who objected to the fact that the Fed did not come to the polls as anti-democratic and dictated the decisions to the public as unconstitutional.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Amerikan Merkez Bankası · Merkez Bankaları · Fed

Abstract

The Fed has two main tasks, such as ensuring price stability and increasing employment. To achieve these targets, the Fed implements four different monetary policy instruments: open market operations, reserve interest rates, discount rate and payment of interest to reserves. The Fed's independence is not absolute, but it is based on mutual cooperation between the President and Congress. The Fed's independence has four sources: legal, financial, federal and public. The Fed's monetary policy instruments have been the subject of controversy from time to time and there have been differences of opinion between the Fed and the US president or Congress. Those defending the independence of the Fed argue that, contrary to political authority, the Fed will implement long-term policies that are far from popular; and those who objected to the fact that the Fed did not come to the polls as anti-democratic and dictated the decisions to the public as unconstitutional.

Özet

Fed ’in fiyat istikrarını sağlamak ve istihdamı artırmak gibi iki temel görevi bulunmaktadır. Fed, söz konusu hedeflerine ulaşmak için açık piyasa işlemleri, rezerv faizleri, iskonto oranı ve rezervlere faiz ödenmesi olmak üzere dört farklı para politikası aracı uygulamaktadır. Fed ’in bağımsızlığı mutlak anlamda olmayıp bu bağımsızlık, Başkan ve Kongre arasındaki işbirliğine dayanmaktadır. Fed’ in bağımsızlığının hukuki, mali, federal sistem ve kamuoyu olmak üzere dört kaynağı vardır. Fed’ in para politikası araçları zaman zaman tartışma konusu olmuş ve Fed ile ABD başkanı ve Kongre arasında görüş ayrılıkları yaşanmıştır. Fed ’in bağımsızlığını savunanlar, Fed’ in popülerlikten uzak, uzun vadeli politikalar uygulayacağını savunurken; karşı çıkanlar ise Fed ’in seçimle gelmemiş olmasını anti demokratik olarak nitelendirmiş ve bu durumu anayasaya aykırı bulmuştur.

🔖

Cite This Article

KOÇ, A., GÜRSOY, S. (2020). American Central Bank FED’s Monetary Policy Tools and Independence. Econder Uluslararası Akademik Dergi, Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 2, 421–447. https://ajindex.com/articles/829207

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (6)

  1. Acemoglu D. Johnson S ve Diğerleri, 2008. "When Does Policy Reform Work? The Case of Central Bank Independence," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 351-429.Acharya, V. V. (2018), On the Importance of Independent Regulatory Institutions–The Case of the Central Bank, Current Statistics 67, 21. Afsar B. (2006), Seçilmiş Dünya Merkez Bankalarına Örnekler (ABD Merkez Bankası-Almanya Merkez Bankası-İngiltere Merkez Bankası İtalya Merkez Bankası-Fransa Merkez Bankası- Japonya Merkez Bankası Hollanda Merkez Bankası, Konya Ticaret Odası Etüt-Araştırma Servisi, http://docplayer.biz.tr/1430718-Arastirma-raporu-konya-ticaret-odasi-etud-arastirma-servisi-tarih-01-02-2006.html (18.07.2019)
  2. Akyazı, H. (2001), T.C. Merkez Bankası ile Federal Rezerv Sisteminin (FED) Karşılaştırması, bankacılar dergisi sayı: 36. https://www.tbb.org.tr/Dosyalar/Arastirm a_ve_Raporlar/HaydarAkyazis.3_Mart2001.doc (29.05.2019).
  3. Aldrich, P., “American History from Revoluaiton to Reconstruction and Beyond”, http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/essays/general/a-brief-history-of-central-banking/aldrich-plan-(1910).php., (21.09.2019).
  4. Barria, C., (2019), https://theconversation.com. https://theconversation.com/why-federal-reserve-independence-matters-119215: https://theconversation.com/why-federal-reserve-independenc e-matters-119215 (15.07.2019).
  5. Buffie, E. F., Airaudo ve M., Zanna, F. (2018), “Inflation targeting and exchange rate management in less developed countries”. Journal of International Money and Finance. Vol. 81. ss. 159-184. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261560617301900 / 10/09/2018 (06.06.2019) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2019), Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bsd-monetary-policy-tools-201808.htm (26.07.2019) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2019). Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: https://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/structure-federal-reserve system.htm (26.09.2019) Board Of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2019). https://www.federalres erv e.gov/aboutthefed/structure-federal-reserve-system.htm (15.08.2019) Board Of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2019), Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomc. (05.08.2019)
  6. Bull, A. (2019),https://www.bloomberg.com, https://www.bloomb erg.com/news/article