Journals / Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 26 - Sayı: 2

Osteosarcopenia: Clinical Perspective

Osteosarkopeni: Klinik Perspektif

Pages
47–57
Publication Date
2022-11-06
DOI
—
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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This review summarises the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcopenia in the light of the relevant literature.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterised by the co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, two chronic musculoskeletal conditions associated with ageing.
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Key Findings & Data:This syndrome may lead to falls and fractures, increased morbidity, mortality and disability, and reduced quality of life.
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Conclusion & Impact:This review summarises the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcopenia in the light of the relevant literature.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterised by the co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, two chronic musculoskeletal conditions associated with ageing. This syndrome may lead to falls and fractures, increased morbidity, mortality and disability, and reduced quality of life. The etiopathogenesis of osteosarcopenia is multifactorial; mechanical, biochemical, genetic and lifestyle factors all play important roles. Its prevalence has been reported between 5% and 37%. The varied prevalence is likely due to the heterogeneous populations or non-unified diagnostic criteria for this syndrome. Osteosarcopenia can be diagnosed by detailed clinical assessment (e.g. screening and risk calculation tools, grip strength, physical performance tests), laboratory tests and imaging methods. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is the most common method used in measuring bone mineral density for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. The imaging techniques used to detect loss of skeletal muscle mass in sarcopenia are dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment options for osteosarcopenia include exercise, nutritional supplements (protein, vitamin D, calcium and creatine), life style modifications and pharmacological therapy. With increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms of osteosarcopenia, the development of therapeutic agents targeting both muscle and bone has become a new area of investigation. This review summarises the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcopenia in the light of the relevant literature.

Özet

Osteosarkopeni yaşlanma ile ilişkili iki kronik kas iskelet sistemi sorunu olan osteoporoz ve sarkopeninin birlikteliğini tanımlayan bir geriatrik sendromdur. Bu sendrom düşmelere ve kırıklara, morbidite, mortalite ve yeti yitiminde artışa ve yaşam kalitesinde azalmaya yol açabilir. Osteosarkopenin etiyopatogenezi multifaktöriyeldir; mekanik, biyokimyasal, genetik ve yaşam tarzı ile ilişkili faktörler ortaya çıkmasında önemli rollere sahiptir. Prevalansı %5 ile %37 arasında bildirilmiştir. Prevalanstaki bu değişkenlik, muhtemelen çalışma popülasyonlarındaki heterojeniteye veya farklı tanı kriterlerin kullanılmasına bağlıdır. Osteosarkopeni tanısı detaylı klinik değerlendirme (örneğin; tarama ve risk hesaplama araçları, kavrama kuvveti ölçümü, fiziksel performans testleri), laboratuvar testleri ve görüntüleme yöntemleri ile konulabilir. Osteoporoz tanısına yönelik olarak kemik mineral yoğunluğunu ölçmek için en sık kullanılan dual enerjili X-ışını absorbsiyometri yöntemidir. Sarkopenide meydana gelen iskelet kas kütlesindeki kaybı saptamak amacıyla kullanılan görüntüleme teknikleri ise dual enerjili X-ışını absorbsiyometri, bilgisayarlı tomografi, ultrasonografi ve manyetik rezonans görüntülemedir. Osteosarkopeninin tedavi seçenekleri arasında egzersiz, besin takviyeleri (protein, D vitamini, kalsiyum ve kreatin), yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve farmakolojik tedaviler yer almaktadır. Osteosarkopeni gelişiminin altında yatan mekanizmalar daha iyi anlaşıldıkça hem kası hem de kemiği hedef alan terapötik ajanların geliştirilmesi, yeni bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Bu derlemede, konuyla ilgili güncel literatür ışığında, osteosarkopenin epidemiyolojisi, patogenezi, tanı ve tedavisi özetlenmiştir.

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Cite This Article

KÜÇÜKDEVECİ, A., ÖZDEMİR, O., SARIDOĞAN, M., GÜNENDİ, Z., KİRAZLI, Y., MERAY, J., KUTSAL, Y. G. (2022). Osteosarcopenia: Clinical Perspective. Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi, Cilt: 26 - Sayı: 2, 47–57. https://ajindex.com/articles/639632

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