Journals / Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi / 2018 / Cilt: 27 - Sayı: 2

Warfarin-Induced Skin Necrosis Due to Protein C Deficiency in a Dialysis Patient

Diyaliz Hastasında Protein C Eksikliğine Bağlı Warfarin-İlişkili Deri Nekrozu

Pages
214–217
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Skin lesions promptly and completelyrecovered after the treatment.PC deficiency should be considered in dialysis patients with multiple thromboses, vascular accessproblems and warfarin-induced skin necrosis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Protein-C (PC) is a vitamin-K-dependent anticoagulant proenzyme produced by the liver.
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Key Findings & Data:In patients with PC deficiency, warfarin furtherdecreases PC activity and causes thrombosis of skin arterioles leading to skin necrosis.A 59-year-old female was admitted with dyspnea, cough, hoarseness and edema in her neck and arms.She had chronic kidney disease for 20 years.
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Conclusion & Impact:Skin lesions promptly and completelyrecovered after the treatment.PC deficiency should be considered in dialysis patients with multiple thromboses, vascular accessproblems and warfarin-induced skin necrosis.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Protein-C (PC) is a vitamin-K-dependent anticoagulant proenzyme produced by the liver. PC deficiencymay cause both venous and arterial thromboses. In patients with PC deficiency, warfarin furtherdecreases PC activity and causes thrombosis of skin arterioles leading to skin necrosis.A 59-year-old female was admitted with dyspnea, cough, hoarseness and edema in her neck and arms.She had chronic kidney disease for 20 years. She had been on hemodialysis for 8 years but had beenswitched to peritoneal dialysis due to vascular access problems caused by multiple venous thromboses.With a pre-diagnosis of Superior Vena Cava (SVC) syndrome, cavography was performed and neartotalocclusion of the SVC was detected. Balloon dilatation was performed and warfarin 5 mg andenoxoparin 40 mg were started. Within a day, necrotic and well-demarcated lesions 4x5 cm in sizeappeared on the arm. Warfarin was stopped and enoxoparin was continued. After 2 weeks, plasmaPC activity was found to be significantly low (40% of normal). The diagnosis of “warfarin-inducedskin necrosis in a patient with PC deficiency” was established. Skin lesions promptly and completelyrecovered after the treatment.PC deficiency should be considered in dialysis patients with multiple thromboses, vascular accessproblems and warfarin-induced skin necrosis.

Özet

Protein-C (PC), karaciğer tarafından üretilen, vitamin-K’ya bağımlı antikoagülan bir pro-enzimdir. PC eksikliği hem venöz hem arteriyel trombozlara neden olabilir. Warfarin, PC eksikliği olan hastalarda PC seviyesini daha da düşürerek, derideki arteriollerde trombozlara yol açar ve deri nekrozlarına sebep olur. Elli dokuz yaşında kadın hasta nefes darlığı, öksürük, ses kısıklığı, boyunda ve kollarda şişlik nedeniyle başvurdu. Yirmi yıldır kronik böbrek yetersizliği tanısı olan hasta 8 yıl hemodiyalize girmiş fakat birden çok vasküler trombozları olması nedeniyle damar giriş yolu problemi dolayısıyla periton diyalizine geçilmiş. Superior vena kava (SVK) sendromu ön tanısıyla yapılan venokavografisinde SVK proksimalinde tama yakın tromboz saptandı. Balon anjiyoplasti yapılarak stenoz genişletildi. Warfarin 5 mg ve enoksaparin 40 mg bid tedavisi başlandı. Bir gün sonra, sol kolda 4x5 cm keskin sınırlı, çevresi eritemli, ağrılı, hemorajik büllöz nekrotik lezyon gelişti. Warfarin tedavisi hemen kesildi, enoksaparine devam edildi. İki hafta sonra yapılan tetkiklerde plazma PC aktivitesi düşük bulundu (normalin %40’ı). “PC eksikliği olan hastada warfarine bağlı deri nekrozu” tanısı kondu. Tedavi sonucunda hastanın deri lezyonları tamamen geriledi. PC eksikliği, birden çok trombozu ve damar giriş yolu problemleri olan ve warfarine bağlı deri nekrozları gelişen diyaliz hastalarında mutlaka akla gelmelidir.

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Cite This Article

ODABAŞ, A. R., YILDIZ, B. Ş., BOYRAZ, M., BAHAT, K. A., ÖZPORTAKAL, H., ÖZKÖK, S., ÖZKÖK, A., GÖNENLİ, G., AŞIK, M., ALKAN, Ö. (2022). Warfarin-Induced Skin Necrosis Due to Protein C Deficiency in a Dialysis Patient. Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi, Cilt: 27 - Sayı: 2, 214–217. https://ajindex.com/articles/636030

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