Journals / Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi / 2016 / Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 2

Antisense Oligonucleotids and Antibacterial Use

Antisens Oligonükleotitler ve Antibakteriyel Kullanımları

Pages
51–57
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

General properties of these molecules, mode of action and studies involving the use of these molecules in bacterial eradication are summarized in this review.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The antisense treatment strategy is to use oligodeoxyribonucleotides for the purpose of silencing various genes before they start producing proteins.
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Key Findings & Data:The antisense treatment strategy which is not affected by antibiotic resistance mechanisms, attracts the attention of many scientist.
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Conclusion & Impact:General properties of these molecules, mode of action and studies involving the use of these molecules in bacterial eradication are summarized in this review.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The antisense treatment strategy is to use oligodeoxyribonucleotides for the purpose of silencing various genes before they start producing proteins. The antisense mechanism is established by binding oligonucleotide strands to the target mRNA by way of Watsons-Crick base pairing. After binding, two basic pathways prevent the relevant gene from producing protein. The first of these is the formation of RNase H-mediated degradation by the oligonucleotide at the site of binding. Production of protein is hindered because translation becomes impossible from the gene strand that was broken down by the RNase enzyme. The second occurs when the oligonucleotide binds and closes the relevant gene site. In this way, ribosome is sterically hindered from reading the gene strand, posttranscriptional procedures are hindered and the gene cannot make production. Various chemical modifications of these molecules to protect them from nucleases was performed. According to these modifications antisense oligonucletoides (ASO) can be divided into generations. Despite the protection from nucleases with modifications they have limited access to the cell interior. In order to eliminate this restriction it is necessary to use various methods such as peptide conjugates, lipid based carrier systems. ASO sequences can be used as antibacterials by inhibition of essential genes for bacteria. Besides bacteria can be made susceptible by oligonucleotides targeting the resistance genes. The antisense treatment strategy which is not affected by antibiotic resistance mechanisms, attracts the attention of many scientist. General properties of these molecules, mode of action and studies involving the use of these molecules in bacterial eradication are summarized in this review.

Özet

Antisens tedavi stratejisi, çeşitli genlerin protein oluşturmadan susturulması amacıyla oligodeoksiribonükleotidlerin kullanılmasıdır. Antisens mekanizma, hedef mRNA'ya oligonükleotid dizisinin Watsons-Crick baz eşleşme yoluyla bağlanması sonucu gerçekleşmektedir. Bağlanmadan sonra iki temel yolak, ilgili genin protein oluşumunu engeller. Bunlardan ilki, oligonükleotidin bağlandığı bölgede RNaz H aracılı degredasyon oluşturmasıdır. RNaz enzimi ile parçalanan gen dizisinden translasyon olası olmadığı için protein oluşumu engellenir. İkincisi ise oligonükleotidin bağlanarak ilgili gen bölgesini kapatmasıyla oluşur. Böylece ribozomun gen dizisini okuması sterik olarak engellenir, posttranskripsiyonel işlemler inhibe edilir ve gen, ürün oluşturamaz. Bu moleküllerin nükleazlardan korunmaları için çeşitli modifikasyonlar yapılmıştır. Bu modifikasyonlara göre antisens oligonükleoititler (ASO) kuşaklara ayrılabilirler. Modifikasyonlar ile nükleazlardan korunmalarına rağmen, hücre içlerine girişleri sınırlıdır. Bu kısıtlılığı giderebilmek amacıyla konjuge peptidler ve lipid bazlı taşıyıcı sistemler gibi çeşitli yöntemler kullanılması gerekmektedir. Bakteri için esansiyel olan genlerin inhibisyonuyla ASO dizileri antibakteriyel olarak kullanılabilir. Ayrıca direnç genlerini hedef alan diziler sayesinde bakteriler duyarlı hale getirilebilirler. Antibiyotik direnç mekanizmalarından etkilenmeyen antisens tedavi stratejisinin pek çok bilim insanının ilgisini çekmektedir. Bu moleküllerin genel özellikleri, çalışma prensipleri ve bakteri eradikasyonu amacıyla kullanımını içeren çalışmalar bu derlemede özetlenmiştir

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Cite This Article

DEMİR-DORA, D., TEKİNTAŞ, Y., HOŞGÖR-LİMONCU, M. (2022). Antisense Oligonucleotids and Antibacterial Use. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 2, 51–57. https://ajindex.com/articles/635910

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