Journals / Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi / 2013 / Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 4

SHOULD WE GIVE UP HORMONE TREATMENT IN MENOPAUSE ?

MENOPOZDA HORMON TEDAVİSİNİ TERK ETMELİ MİYİZ ?

Pages
242–249
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

If HT was introduced, there are valuable recommendations to keep the duration of therapy less than 5 years.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Hormone treatment (HT) is an add back regimen of declining hormone or hormones in a postmenopausal woman in order to eliminate unfavorable conditions caused by hormone deficiency, although it does not meet the actual levels secreted from the ovary.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Vaginal atrophy, genitourinary symptoms like urinary incontinence, increased risk for osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are the other main concerns of HT.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:If HT was introduced, there are valuable recommendations to keep the duration of therapy less than 5 years.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Hormone treatment (HT) is an add back regimen of declining hormone or hormones in a postmenopausal woman in order to eliminate unfavorable conditions caused by hormone deficiency, although it does not meet the actual levels secreted from the ovary. Leading indications are hypoestrogenemia and disturbing symptoms related to hypoestrogenic state. Vaginal atrophy, genitourinary symptoms like urinary incontinence, increased risk for osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are the other main concerns of HT. On the other hand, postmenopausal women who were treated with HT protocols including estrogen preparations as well as estrogen/progestogen combinations have been indicated as being exposed to increased risk for breast cancer development. Moreover, HT preparations were demonstrated to be ineffective in protection from cardiovascular diseases and thromboembolic events, in contrast to the prior beliefs. Therefore, today in the light of new data, use of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women seems to lose its relevance. Nevertheless, alternative therapies have been developed to serve for the relief of menopausal disorders. Among them, tibolone, micronized testosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone, selective serotonine noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors (SNRIs), selective estrogen receptor modulators, combined oral contraceptives and fitoestrogens could be preferred. For all that, the most efficacious treatment on menopausal and genitourinary symptoms seems to be HT, yet. Furthermore, HT was indicated to be effective on osteoporosis and reducing postmenopausal bone fractures. HT should be the first choice of treatment in patients with premature ovarian failure and early onset menopause without any familial history of cancer. At the present time, it is advised to use hormone treatment choosing the appropriate preparation with the lowest effective dose with respect to above mentioned indications. If HT was introduced, there are valuable recommendations to keep the duration of therapy less than 5 years.

Özet

Hormon tedavisi (HT); postmenopozal bir kadının azalan hormon ya da hormonlarının, overlerden salgılanan düzeylerde olmasa da yerine konulması ile hormon yetmezliğine bağlı gelişen olumsuz durumların ortadan kaldırılmasını hedeşeyen tedavi biçimidir. En temel endikasyon hipoöstrojenemi ve ona bağlı görülen olumsuz durumlardır. Vajinal atrofi, idrar inkontinansı gibi genitoüriner semptomlar, osteoporoz ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar için yüksek risk varlığı HT için öngörülen diğer ana endikasyonlardır. Ancak, hem östrojenlerin hem de östojen/progestajen kombinasyonlarının kullanıldığı HT protokolleri postmenopozal kadınlarda artmış meme kanseri gelişim riski ile ilişiklendirilmektedir. Ayrıca, HT preparatlarının, düşünüldüğünün aksine kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve tromboembolik olaylarla ilişkili koruyucu etkilerinin bulunmadığı gösterilmiştir. Günümüzde yeni verilerin ışığı altında, HT'ne eskiden olan ilgi kaybolmaktadır. Bununla birlikte HT'ne alternatif tedaviler geliştirilmiştir. Bunların arasında Tibolon, mikronize testosteron, dihidroepiandrosteron, selektif serotonin noradrenalin geri alım inhibitörleri (SNRI), selektif östrojen reseptör modülatörleri, kombine oral kontraseptişer ve fitoöstrojenler gösterilebilir. Ancak, menopozal semptomlar ve genitoüriner atrofi üzerinde en etkin tedavi olarak HT görülmektedir. Yine, osteoporoz ve postmenopozal kemik kırıklarının önlenmesinde HT'nin etkin olduğu bildirilmektedir. Ailesel kanser hikayesi olmayan prematür overyan yetmezlik olgularında ve erken menopozda HT ilk düşünülmesi gereken tedavi seçeneğidir. Günümüzde, belirttiğimiz endikasyonlarla, menopozal HT'nde mümkün olan en düşük doz tercih edilmelidir. HT'ne karar verilmişse, toplam sürenin 5 yıldan kısa tutulmasında fayda vardır.

🔖

Cite This Article

TÜFEKÇİ, M., ATALAY, M. A., DURUSOY, E. E. (2022). SHOULD WE GIVE UP HORMONE TREATMENT IN MENOPAUSE ?. Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi, Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 4, 242–249. https://ajindex.com/articles/631503

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (12)

  1. Beral V, Million Women Study Collaborators. Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet 2003 Aug 9;362(9382):419-27
  2. Barrett-Connor E, Grady D, Sashegyi A, Anderson PW, Cox DA, Hoszowski K, et al. Raloxifene and cardiovascular events in osteoporotic postmenopausal women: four-year results from the MORE (Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation) randomized trial. JAMA 2002 Feb 20;287(7):847-57
  3. Martino S, Cauley JA, Barrett-Connor E, Powles TJ, Mershon J, Disch D, et al. Continuing outcomes relevant to Evista: breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal osteoporotic women in a randomized trial of raloxifene. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004 Dec;96(23):1751-61
  4. Barrett-Connor E, Slone S, Greendale G, Kritz-Silverstein D, Espeland M, Johnson SR, et al. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/ Progestin Interventions Study: primary outcomes in adherent women. Maturitas 1997 Jul;27(3):261-74
  5. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998 Aug 19;280(7):605-13
  6. Dupond WD, Page DL. Menopausal estrogen replacement therapy and breast cancer. Arch Intern Med 1991 Jan;151(1); 67-72
  7. Colditz GA, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Willett WC, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, et al. The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1995 Jun 15;332(24);1589-93
  8. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, LaCroix AZ, Kooperberg C, Stefanick ML, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002 Jul;288(3):321-33
  9. Gompel A. Micronized progesterone and its impact on the endometrium and breast vs. progestogens. Climacteric 2012 Apr;15 Suppl 1:18-25
  10. Cerne JZ, Stegel V, Gersak K, Novakovic S. KRAS rs61764370 is associated with HER2-overexpressed and poorly-differentiated breast cancer in hormone replacement therapy users: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2012 Mar 22; 12:105
  11. Gadducci A, Guerrieri ME, Genazzani AR. Benign breast diseases, contraception and hormone replacement therapy. Minerva Gynecol 2012 Feb;64(1):67-74
  12. Ernster VL, Bush TL, Huggins GR, Hulka BS, Kelsey JL, Schottenfeld D. Benefits and risks of menopausal estrogen and/or progestin horm