Journals / Türk Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Dergisi / 2004 / Cilt: 32 - Sayı: 2

Subanalgesic dose of ketamine added to tramadol does not reduce analgesic demand

Tramadole, subanaljezik dozda ketamin ilavesi analjezik gereksinimini azaltmıyor

Pages
106–112
Publication Date
2022-11-04
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Subanalgesic dose of ketamine did not augment tramadol induced analgesia so these findings may suggest that tramadol does not have NMDA receptor activating property like morphine.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Tramadol is an analgesic with agonistic properties on opioid receptors.
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Key Findings & Data:Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2-2.5 mg kg-1 and was maintained with sevoflurane in N2O/O2 mixture.
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Conclusion & Impact:Subanalgesic dose of ketamine did not augment tramadol induced analgesia so these findings may suggest that tramadol does not have NMDA receptor activating property like morphine.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Tramadol is an analgesic with agonistic properties on opioid receptors. In this study we investigated the effect of systemic coadministration of subanalgesic dose of ketamine with tramadol on postoperative tramadol consumption. By this way we intended to find a clue whether tramadol also have opioid induced algesic effect like morphine via NMDA receptors. Thirty patients undergoing abdominal surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, placebo controlled, double blind study. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2-2.5 mg kg-1 and was maintained with sevoflurane in N2O/O2 mixture. Muscle relaxation was provided by vecuronium. Analgesia was maintained by iv remifentanyl infusion. Infusion of remifentanyl was stopped 15 min before the end of operation, and 10 min later patients were randomly administered either 75 mg kg-1 ketamine (5 mL) and 1 mg kg-1 tramadol (ketamin group) or normal saline (5 ml) and 1 mg kg-1 tramadol bolus (placebo group). Intravenous PCA with tramadol was started on th e arrival at postoperative recovery room, and continued for 24 hours in all patients. Pain and sedation scores were evaluated in the recovery room every 15 min until the time of discharge to the ward. Aldrete Post Anesthesia Recovery Scores (?9) were used as discharge criteria. Total tramadol consumptions at the 6th and 24th hours were recorded. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to Visual Analog Scale (6.1±1.1 vs 6.6±1.1) and total tramadol consumption (51.5±26.4 vs 53.7±18.3 mg) at the end of recovery period (p>0.05). Also the total tramadol consumptions at 6th and 24th hours (188.9±82.9 vs 215.3±104.7 and 365.0±118.6 vs 403.8±243.8 respectively) were not different between groups (p>0.05). Subanalgesic dose of ketamine did not augment tramadol induced analgesia so these findings may suggest that tramadol does not have NMDA receptor activating property like morphine.

Özet

Tramadol opiyoid reseptörleri üzerinde agonistik etki gösteren bir analjeziktir. Bu çalışmada tramadol ile birlikte subanaljezik dozda ketamin uyuglamasının, postoperatif analjezik ihtiyacına olan etkisi araştırılmış, dolaylı olarak tramadolün NMDA reseptörleri üzerinde morfin uyarısına benzer bir aljezik etkiye neden olup olmadığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Genel anestezi altında alt karın ameliyatı olacak 30 hasta bu plasebo kontrollü, prospektif, çift kör çalışmaya dahil edildi. Anestezi indüksiyonu 2-2.5 mg kg-1 propofol ile yapıldı, idamesinde N2O/O2 içinde sevofluran kullanıldı. Kas gevşemesi veküronyum ile, analjezi ise remifentanil infüzyonu ile sağlandı. Ameliyatın bitiminden 15 dk önce remifentanil infüzyonu durduruldu. Anestezinin sonlandırılmasından 5 dk önce hastalar rastgele intravenöz bolus 1 mg kg-1 tramadol ve 75 mg kg-1 ketamin (5 mL) (ketamin grubu) veya 1 mg kg-1 tramadol ve izotonik sodyum klorür (5 mL) solüsyonu (plasebo grubu) verilmek üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grup hastaya da derlenme odasında, 24 saat süreyle kullanılmak üzere tramadol içeren hasta kontrollü analjezi cihazı bağlandı. Hastalar derlenme odasından servise yollanıncaya kadar 15 dk aralıklarla sedasyon dereceleri ve ağrı skorları kayıt edildi. Derlenme odasından çıkarılma kriteri olarak Aldrete Post Anesthesia Recovery skoru (?9) kullanıldı. 6. ve 24. saatlerde, kullanılan toplam tramadol miktarları saptandı. Derlenme odasından çıkışta grupların Vizüel Analog Skala değerleri (6.1±1.1 ve 6.6±1.1) ve kullanılan toplam tramadol miktarları (51.5±26.4 ve 53.7±18.3 mg) bakımından fark yoktu (p>0.05). 6. ve 24. saatlerdeki toplam tramadol kullanımları da her iki grupta istatistiksel olarak benzer bulundu (6. saat 188.9±82.9 ve 215.3±104.7; 24.saat 365.0±118.6 ve 403.8±243.8) (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak subanaljezik dozda ketaminin tramadolün analjezik etkisini artırmadığı gözlendi. Bu bulgular tramadolün NMDA reseptörleri üzerinde morfin gibi aktive edici (aljezik) özelliğinin olmadığını düşündürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

SAKARYA, M., YENTÜR, E. A., TOĞÇU, İ., KELEŞ, T. G., TAŞYÜZ, T. (2022). Subanalgesic dose of ketamine added to tramadol does not reduce analgesic demand. Türk Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Dergisi, Cilt: 32 - Sayı: 2, 106–112. https://ajindex.com/articles/620174

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