Journals / Türk Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Dergisi / 2006 / Cilt: 34 - Sayı: 5

Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine and magnesium in traumatic brain injury

Travmatik beyin hasarında serebral korumada deksmedetomidin ve magnezyumun etkilerinin karşılaştırılması

Pages
275–282
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The effects of magnesium and dexmedetomidine in brain cell protection may occur through different mechanisms but not by enzymes because the biochemical results are in contradiction with the histopathological analysis.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: Prevention of secondary serebral injury plays a major role in intensive care of head injury patients.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, the effects of dexmedetomidine and magnesium to prevent brain injury in head trauma are compared.Materials and Methods: Diffuse head injury was induced in 30 adult Wistar albino male rats by Marmarou method after anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg kg-1 sodium thiopental.
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Conclusion & Impact:The effects of magnesium and dexmedetomidine in brain cell protection may occur through different mechanisms but not by enzymes because the biochemical results are in contradiction with the histopathological analysis.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Aim: Prevention of secondary serebral injury plays a major role in intensive care of head injury patients. In this study, the effects of dexmedetomidine and magnesium to prevent brain injury in head trauma are compared.Materials and Methods: Diffuse head injury was induced in 30 adult Wistar albino male rats by Marmarou method after anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg kg-1 sodium thiopental. Rats were divided randomly into 3 groups, each consisting of 10 rats: 2 mL saline to Group I, 2 mL 100 µg kg-1 dexmedetomidine to Group II and 2 mL 750 µmol kg-1 magnesium sulphate to Group III were administered by intraperitoneal route. Rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 120 minutes after the drug administration and brain tissues were obtained without damaging the brains. Brain tissue samples were divided into two by interhemispheric incision for biochemical and histological analysis. Brain tissues were fixed in 10 % formalin solution and embedded in paraffin and examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining for morphological alterations. Sections were stained via TUNEL method in order to detect apoptosis. The tissue concentration of malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in brain tissue was also measured.Results: Hematoxylin-eosin-stained brain sections are compared; dexmedetomidine is more effective than magnesium in reducing brain cell injury caused by head trauma. Evaluation of apoptosis by the TUNEL method revealed that magnesium is more effective than dexmedetomidine in preventing cell death. Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels of Group I was found significantly lower than Group II and III (p< 0.05). Also the decrease in the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Group I was found significantly higher than Group II and III. There was no difference in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels between the groups.Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine reduces secondary cerebral injury significantly; however, magnesium prevents apoptosis more effective than dexmedetomidine in experimental models of diffuse traumatic brain injury. The effects of magnesium and dexmedetomidine in brain cell protection may occur through different mechanisms but not by enzymes because the biochemical results are in contradiction with the histopathological analysis.

Özet

Amaç: Sekonder serebral hasardan koruma, kafa travmalı hastaların yoğun bakım tedavilerinin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, deksmedetomidin ve magnezyumun travmada beyin hasarını önlemeye yönelik etkilerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: 30 erişkin Wistar albino erkek ratta 30 mg kg-1 intraperitoneal tiyopental ile anestezi uygulandıktan sonra Marmarou yöntemiyle diffüz kafa travması oluşturuldu. Ratlar randomize olarak 3 eşit gruba ayrıldı; Grup I = 2 mL serum fizyolojik, Grup II= 2 mL 100 µg kg-1 deksmedetomidine ve Grup III = 2 mL 750 µmol kg-1 magnezyum sülfat intraperitoneal yolla uygulandı. İlaç uygulamasından 120 dk. sonra ratlar servikal dislokasyonla sakrifiye edildi ve beyin dokuları travmatize edilmeden çıkarıldı. Beyin dokuları biyokimyasal ve histolojik incelemeler için interhemisferik kesi ile ikiye ayrıldı. % 10 formalin ile tespit edilip rutin parafin takibinden sonra hematoksilen-eosin ile boyandı ve morfolojik değişiklikleri incelendi. Apoptozis incelemesi için kesitler TUNEL yöntemi kullanılarak boyandı. Ayrıca beyin dokusunda malondialdehit (MDA), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) ölçümleri yapıldı.Bulgular: Hematoksilen-eozin ile boyanan beyin dokularının gruplar arasındaki karşılaştırması sonucunda deksmedetomidinin kafa travmasından sonra hücre hasarını magnezyumdan daha etkin olarak azalttığı saptandı. TUNEL tekniği ile yapılan incelemede ise, apoptozisi magnezyum kadar etkili engelleyemediği sonucu çıkarıldı. Biyokimyasal değerlendirmede MDA Grup I'de Grup II ve III'e göre anlamlı oranda düşük saptandı (p< 0.05). SOD düzeyinde azalma, Grup I'de Grup II ve Grup III'den daha fazlaydı. Gruplar arasında GSH-Px değerleri arasında fark saptanmadı.Sonuç: Deneysel diffüz kafa travmasında deksmedetomidin, sekonder serebral hasarı daha belirgin olarak azaltırken, magnezyum ise, apopitozisi daha fazla önleyebilmektedir. Biyokimyasal sonuçların histopatolojik bulgularla çelişkili olması ise magnezyum ve deksmedetomidinin serebral koruma üzerine etkilerinin enzimler üzerinden değil daha farklı mekanizmalarla ortaya çıkmış olabileceğini düşündürmektedir

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Cite This Article

VAR, A., SAKARYA, M., ÇAVUŞ, Z., TOPÇU, İ., VATANSEVER, S. (2022). Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine and magnesium in traumatic brain injury. Türk Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Dergisi, Cilt: 34 - Sayı: 5, 275–282. https://ajindex.com/articles/620079

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