Journals / Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 25 - Sayı: 3

Percentages of Drug Resistance Detected in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated From Pulmonary Samples

Akciğer Örneklerinden İzole Edilmiş Tüberküloz Dışı Mikobakterilerde Saptanan İlaç Direnci Yüzdeleri

Pages
372–382
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Amikacin, moxifloxacin or tigecycline could be used instead of clarithromycin for M. fortuitum.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) infections have recently increased significantly in the world.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, it was aimed to determine the resistance percentages of antimicrobials by performing drug susceptibility tests(DST) for NTM isolated from lower respiratory tract samples.Materials and Methods: Sputum and other lower respiratory tract samples sent to the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratoriesfrom various provinces in Turkey between January 2014 and December 2015 were studied.
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Conclusion & Impact:Amikacin, moxifloxacin or tigecycline could be used instead of clarithromycin for M. fortuitum.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2014 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Introduction: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) infections have recently increased significantly in the world. Especially, lung diseases caused by various NTM are noteworthy. Susceptibility to antimicrobials can vary greatly by species, geographic region and timefor NTMs. In this study, it was aimed to determine the resistance percentages of antimicrobials by performing drug susceptibility tests(DST) for NTM isolated from lower respiratory tract samples.Materials and Methods: Sputum and other lower respiratory tract samples sent to the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratoriesfrom various provinces in Turkey between January 2014 and December 2015 were studied. Among them, 121 NTM were considered asinfectious agent, and identification at species level was performed using GenoType Mycobacterium CM/AS kit (Ver 1.0) (HAIN Lifescience,Germany). For rapid growing mycobacterium (RGM), RAPMYCO- and for slow growing mycobacterium (SGM), SLOMYCO-SENSITITRE BrothMicrodilution (MIC) (Trek Diagnostic Systems Limited, UK) were used to study DSTs according to the recommendations of the manufacturer.Results: In the study, RGM (n= 81) were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus (n= 36), Mycobacterium chelonae (n= 26),Mycobacterium fortuitum (n= 19), while SGM (n= 40) were Mycobacterium avium (n= 16), Mycobacterium kansasii (n= 14),Mycobacterium intracellulare (n= 10). The highest susceptibility percentages for M. abscessus were found as amikacin 97%, clarithromycin 94%, tigecycline 97%; for M. chelonae, clarithromycin 92%, tigecycline 89%; and for M. fortuitum, amikacin, moxifloxacin,tigecycline 100%. Clarithromycin susceptibility was the highest for M. avium 94%, M. intracellulare 90% and M. kansasii 100%, whilefor M. fortuitum 58%. M. kansasii was detected susceptible to rifabutin 100%, linezolid 100% and etioniamid 86%.Conclusion: The drugs to be selected in treatment should show differences specific to our country based on these susceptibilitypercentages, as following: for empirical treatment, clarithromycin would be better to be added to combined therapy until speciesidentification. Amikacin, moxifloxacin or tigecycline could be used instead of clarithromycin for M. fortuitum.

Özet

Giriş: Tüberküloz dışı mikobakteri (TDM) infeksiyonları son zamanlarda dünyada önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Özellikle, çeşitli TDM’lerin neden olduğu akciğer hastalıkları kayda değerdir. TDM’ler için antimikrobiyallerin duyarlılığı türlere, coğrafik bölgeye ve zamana göre büyük ölçüde değişebilir. Bu çalışmada alt solunum yolu örneklerinden izole edilmiş TDM’ler için ilaç duyarlılık testleri (İDT) yapılarak antimikrobiyallerin direnç yüzdelerinin saptanması amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metod: Ocak 2014-Aralık 2015 yılları arasında Türkiye’deki çeşitli illerden Ulusal Tüberküloz Referans Laboratuvarına gönderilen balgam ve diğer alt solunum yolu örnekleri çalışıldı. Onlar arasında 121 TDM infeksiyöz ajan olarak değerlendirildi ve "GenoType Mycobacterium CM/AS kiti (Ver 1.0)" (HAIN Lifescience, Almanya) kullanılarak tür seviyesinde identifikasyon yapıldı. Hızlı üreyen mikobakteriler (HÜM) için RAPMYCO- ve yavaş üreyen mikobakteriler (YÜM) için "SLOMYCO-SENSITITRE Broth Microdilution (MIC)" (Trek Diagnostic Systems Limited, İngiltere) firma önerilerine göre İDT çalışmak için kulanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmada, HÜM (n= 81) Mycobacterium abscessus (n= 36), Mycobacterium chelonae (n= 26) ve Mycobacterium fortuitum (n= 19) olarak tanımlanırken YÜM (n= 40) ise Mycobacterium avium (n= 16), Mycobacterium kansasii (n= 14) Mycobacterium intracellulare (n= 10) idi. M. abscessus için en yüksek duyarlılık yüzdeleri amikasin %97, klaritromisin %94, tigesiklin %97; M. chelonae için, klaritromisin %92, tigesiklin %89 ve M. fortuitum için amikasin, moksifloksasin ve tigesiklin %100 bulundu. Klaritromisin duyarlılığı M. avium %94, M. intracellulare %90 ve M. kansasii %100 ile en yüksek iken, M. fortuitum için %58 bulundu. M. kansasii rifabutin %100, linezolid %100 ve etioanimide %86 duyarlı saptandı. Sonuç: Tedavide seçilecek olan ilaçlar bu duyarlılık yüzdelerine dayanarak ülkemize özgü farklılıklar göstermelidir. Şöyle ki, ampirik tedavi için klaritromisinin tür tanımı yapılıncaya kadar kombine tedaviye eklenmesi daha iyi olacaktır. M. fortuitum için klaritromisin yerine amikasin, moksifloksasin ya da tigesiklin kullanılabilir.

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Cite This Article

ŞİMŞEK, H., ÇAĞATAY, M., ÖZDEMİR, H., ÇÖPLÜ, N. (2022). Percentages of Drug Resistance Detected in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated From Pulmonary Samples. Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 25 - Sayı: 3, 372–382. https://ajindex.com/articles/517105

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