Journals / Eskiyeni / 2021 / Cilt: 0 - Sayı: 43

Is William James’s Analysis of Mystic Experience Phenomenological or Philosophical?

William James’in Mistik Tecrübe Tahlili Fenomenolojik mi Yoksa Felsefi midir?

Journal
Eskiyeni
Pages
213–236
Publication Date
2022-10-12
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This claim of James is rooted in the objec-tive/phenomenological analysis of mystic experience.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The concept of mystical experience is defined today as an experience of uniting with the Ultimate Reality, which is named as Absolute, God and Nothingness, in a pure and direct way.
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Key Findings & Data:The aforementioned definition is relatively new since this concept had been used by Christian saints to mean “attaining religious truths” until about the 19th century.
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Conclusion & Impact:This claim of James is rooted in the objec-tive/phenomenological analysis of mystic experience.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:William James · Mistik Tecrübe · Bilinç Durumu

Abstract

The concept of mystical experience is defined today as an experience of uniting with the Ultimate Reality, which is named as Absolute, God and Nothingness, in a pure and direct way. The aforementioned definition is relatively new since this concept had been used by Christian saints to mean “attaining religious truths” until about the 19th century. In the 19th century, mystical experiences were associated with psychosomatic illnesses and that mystics were considered as being part of deviant religious movements. By the 20th century, however, new academic debates emerged claiming that mystical experience was a universal phenomenon and that it could be understood independent of religion as a separate a phenomenon. Undoubtedly, William James (1842-1910) was the leading philosopher who uniquely contributed to these debates claiming that mystical experi-ence, which had been accepted as a state of illness, was a valuable element of human experience. In an age where materialistic naturalism was rising and the understanding that science and religion contradict one another was prevalent, James asserted that the idea of an individual religion against materialism, which depends on mystical experience and does not conflict with the idea of nature in his well-known work, The Varieties of Reli-gious Experience: A Study in Human Nature. This claim of James is rooted in the objec-tive/phenomenological analysis of mystic experience.

Özet

Mistik tecrübe kavramı bugün Mutlak, Tanrı, Hiçlik, Boşluk gibi farklı biçimlerde isimlen-dirilen Nihai Gerçeklik ile saf, dolaysız bir birleşme tecrübesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu tanımlama görece yenidir, zira kavram, yaklaşık 19. yüzyıla kadar Hristiyan azizleri tara-fından “dini hakikatlere ulaşma” anlamında kullanılmaktadır. 19. yüzyılda mistik tecrübe psikosomatik hastalıklarla ilişkilendirilmis ve mistikler, sapkın dini hareketlerin bir par-çası olarak görülmüştür. Ancak 20 yüzyıla gelindiğinde, mistik tecrübenin evrensel bir fenomen olduğunu ve bir fenomen olması bakımından dinden bağımsız olarak ele alınıp anlaşılabileceğini savunan çalışmalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Şüphesiz William James (1842-1910), hastalık hali olarak kabul edilen mistik tecrübenin aslında insanlık tecrübesinin değerli bir unsuru olduğunu iddia ederek bu tartışmalara önemli bir katkı sağlayan öncü bir filozoftur. Materyalist doğa anlayışının hâkim olduğu ve dinin bilimle çelişiği kabul edildiği bir dönemde James, en bilinen eserlerinden biri olan The Varieties of Religious Expe-rience: A Study in Human Nature (Dinsel Deneyimin Çeşitleri: İnsan Doğası Üzerine Bir İnceleme) İnsanlık kitabında, doğalcılıkla çelişmeyen mistik tecrübeye dayalı bireysel bir din fikrini temellendirir. Bu temellendirme mistik tecrübenin nesnel/fenomenolojik tahliline daya-nır.

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Cite This Article

Süleyman, B. A. (2022). Is William James’s Analysis of Mystic Experience Phenomenological or Philosophical?. Eskiyeni, Cilt: 0 - Sayı: 43, 213–236. https://ajindex.com/articles/506462

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