Journals / Ekoloji / 2005 / Cilt: 14 - Sayı: 55

Toxic heavy metal (Cd,Pb,Ni and As) concentration in phosphate rock,phosphoric acid and phosphorous fertilizers abstract

Fosfat kayası,fosforik asit ve fosforlu gübrelerdeki toksit ağır metal (Cd,Pb,Ni,As) konsantrasyounu

Journal
Ekoloji
Pages
1–5
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These results show that the Cd concentrations were above the standard value of 8 mg/kg fertilizer in 10 of total of 14 fertilizers analyzed, and were close to this value in 2 fertilizers (7.5 mg/kg fertilizer).

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:In this study, samples taken from phosphorous fertilizers, phosphoric acid and phosphate rocks used as raw materials for the production of phosphorous fertilizers were analyzed for their total Cd, Pb, Ni and As contents.
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Key Findings & Data:According to our results, maximum Cd, Pb, Ni and As concentrations of phosphate rocks imported from other countries were determined to be 358, 335, 386 ve 531 mg $kg^{-1}$ P, respectively.
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Conclusion & Impact:These results show that the Cd concentrations were above the standard value of 8 mg/kg fertilizer in 10 of total of 14 fertilizers analyzed, and were close to this value in 2 fertilizers (7.5 mg/kg fertilizer).
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In this study, samples taken from phosphorous fertilizers, phosphoric acid and phosphate rocks used as raw materials for the production of phosphorous fertilizers were analyzed for their total Cd, Pb, Ni and As contents. The samples were obtained from a total of six fertilizer plants (five private and one state owned) which produce phosphorous fertilizers in Turkey. According to our results, maximum Cd, Pb, Ni and As concentrations of phosphate rocks imported from other countries were determined to be 358, 335, 386 ve 531 mg $kg^{-1}$ P, respectively. Phosphate rocks were observed to contain the highest concentrations of Cd (358 mg/kg-P) and As (531 mg/kg P) compared to other fertilizers. Samples from phosphoric acid, which has replaced phosphate rocks in the production of phosphorous fertilizers in recent years, were found to contain maximum Cd, Pb, Ni and As concentrations of 114,11, 201 and 81 mg/L P, respectively. The metal contents of phosphoric acid and phosphate rocks showed variations depending on the exporter country. Toxic metal concentrations of fertilizers (TSP, DAP and compose) used in agricultural soils were compared with the current fertilizer metal standards of China and Japan. These results show that the Cd concentrations were above the standard value of 8 mg/kg fertilizer in 10 of total of 14 fertilizers analyzed, and were close to this value in 2 fertilizers (7.5 mg/kg fertilizer). Pb concentration was about five times above the standard value of 100 mg/kg fertilizer in 15:15:15 compose fertilizer (510 mg/kg fertilizer). As concentrations were found to be above the Standard value of 50 mg/kg fertilizer in 4 of total of 10 compose fertilizers analyzed. Finally, our results also indicate that the heavy metal concentrations of phosphorous fertilizers are heavily dependent on the heavy metal contents of raw materials (phosphoric acid or phosphate rocks) used in the production of phosphorous fertilizers.

Özet

Ülkemizde fosforlu gübre üreten biri kamu, beşi özel olmak üzere toplam altı gübre fabrikasından fosforlu gübre, fosforlu gübre üretiminde ham madde olarak kullanılan fosfat kayası ve ara ürün olarak kullanılan fosforik asit numuneleri alınarak toplam Cd, Pb, Ni ve As konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgulara göre fosforlu gübre üretmek için tamamen yurt dışından ithal edilen ham fosfat kayasının maksimum Cd, Pb, Ni ve As konsantrasyonu sırayla 358, 335, 386 ve 531 mg $kg^{-1}$ P olarak belirlenmiştir. Diğer gübrelere kıyasla fosfat kayası en yüksek Cd (358 mg/kg P) ve As (531 mg/kg P) konsantrasyonuna sahip bulunmuştur. Son yıllarda fosforlu gübre üretiminde ham kaya fosfatının yerini alan fosforik asitin maksimum Cd, Pb, Ni ve As konsantrasyonu ise sırayla 114,11, 201 ve 81 mg/L P'dir. Ham kaya fosfatı ve fosforik asitin metal içeriği, ithal edildikleri ülkelere göre farklılık göstermiştir. Tarım toprağına uygulanan gübrelerin (TSP, DAP ve kompoze) toksik metal içeriği Çin ve Japonya'da yürürlükte olan Gübre Metal Standart Değerleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Buna göre toplam 14 gübrenin 10'unda Cd konsantrasyonu sınır değer olan 8 mg/kg gübre değerinin üzerinde, 2'sinde ise bu değere çok yakın (7,5 mg/kg gübre) bulunmuştur. Pb konsantrasyonu yalnızca 15:15:15 kompoze gübrede sınır değerin (100 mg/kg gübre) yaklaşık 5 katına (510 mg/kg gübre) ulaşmıştır. Toplam 10 kompoze gübrenin 4'ünde As konsantrasyonu sınır değer olan 50 mg/kg gübre değerinin üzerinde bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, maksimum toksik metal konsantrasyonu yüksek olan fabrikalarda üretilen fosforlu gübrelerin toksik,ağır metal konsantrasyonunun (Ni hariç), ham madde olarak kullanılan materyalin içerdiği toksik metal konsantrasyonuna bağlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

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Cite This Article

KANTAR, Ç., KÖLELİ, N. (2022). Toxic heavy metal (Cd,Pb,Ni and As) concentration in phosphate rock,phosphoric acid and phosphorous fertilizers abstract. Ekoloji, Cilt: 14 - Sayı: 55, 1–5. https://ajindex.com/articles/499319

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