Journals / Çevre, Bilim ve Teknoloji / 2004 / Cilt: 2 - Sayı: 2

Metal adsorption and transport modeling in subsurface systems

Yeraltı sistemlerinde metal adsorpsiyonunun ve taşınımının modellenmesi

Pages
139–147
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This paper reviews and discusses modeling approaches taken for modeling metal-ion sorption and transport in the subsurface.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Predicting the transport of metals in groundwater requires a model that incorporates chemical processes into the advection-dispersion equations.
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Key Findings & Data:The accuracy of these models depends on how well the chemical processes are described and incorporated into the transport equations.
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Conclusion & Impact:This paper reviews and discusses modeling approaches taken for modeling metal-ion sorption and transport in the subsurface.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Predicting the transport of metals in groundwater requires a model that incorporates chemical processes into the advection-dispersion equations. The accuracy of these models depends on how well the chemical processes are described and incorporated into the transport equations. Historically, the majority of transport models developed to simulate and predict metal-ion transport have incorporated either linear (e.g., the $K_d$, approach) or non-linear (e.g., Freundlich, Langmuir) isotherms to account for the interaction of metal ions with immobile particle surfaces. However, isotherm parameters are conditional on the chemical composition of the system of interest, and for many contaminated sites, chemical conditions vary in time and space, and therefore the number of parameters needed to describe the system may become too large to employ simple isotherm parameters. Alternatives to isotherm parameters are the surface complexation models (SCM) that explicitly describe adsorption processes taking place at solid/water interface in terms of solution- and surface phase reactions. By considering adsorption processes in this manner, solution- and surface phase reactions of a metal can be taken into account within the same geochemical framework. The main characteristic of surface complexation models is their ability to account for the influence of variable chemistry on sorption processes and simulate sorption processes in complex and chemically variable geochemical systems. However, surface complexation models are very complex and it is more difficult to mathe-matically describe SCMs in advection-dispersion equations compared to isotherm models. This paper reviews and discusses modeling approaches taken for modeling metal-ion sorption and transport in the subsurface.

Özet

Metallerin yeraltısuyunda taşınımının doğru bir şekilde modellenmesi için taşınım modellerinin kimyasal reaksiyonlarla adveksiyon-dispersiyon denklemleri arasında doğrudan bağ kurması gerekmektedir. Bir modelin doğruluğu yukarıda adı geçen faktörlerin modellerde ne kadar iyi tanımlandığına bağlıdır. Günümüzde yeraltı suyu metal taşımın modellerinde kimyasal reaksiyonlar (örnek: adsorpsi-yon) lineer ($K_d$ adsorpsiyon denge sabiti) veya lineer olmayan izoterm (örnek: Langmuir, Freundlich) parametreleri ile ifade edilmektedir. Ancak, bu parametreler yeraltısuyu kimyasal koşullarına bağlı olup zamana ve yere bağlı olarak değişken koşullar altında farklı değerler almaktadır. Bu da gerekli izoterm parametre sayısını artırmakta ve dolayısıyla izoterm modellerinin kullanımını zorlaştırmaktadır. İzoterm modellerine alternatif olarak geliştirilen yüzey kimyası modelleri (YKM) toprak/su ara fazında gerçekleşen adsorpsiyon prosesinin bir takım yüzey ve su reaksiyonları ile ifade edilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Böylece bir metalin hem suda hem de toprak yüzeyinde gerçekleşen reaksiyonları aynı jeokimyasal çatı altında toplanmış olmaktadır. Bu tip modellerin en büyük özelliği, değişken koşullarda metal adsorpsiyonunu ve taşımınım tahmin edebilme kapasitesine sahip olmalarıdır. Ancak YKM'Ier çok karışık modeller olup, adveksiyon-dispersiyon denklemi içerisinde matematiksel olarak tanımlanmaları izoterm modellerine göre daha zordur. Bu makalede literatürde çok yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan modellerin geniş bir özeti bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca mevcut modellerin birbirlerine karşı avantajları ve dezavantajları tartışılmıştır.

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Cite This Article

KANTAR, Ç. (2022). Metal adsorption and transport modeling in subsurface systems. Çevre, Bilim ve Teknoloji, Cilt: 2 - Sayı: 2, 139–147. https://ajindex.com/articles/483290

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