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Journals / Akademik Gıda / 2020 / Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 1

3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and Glycidyl Esters Formed in Vegetable Oils

Bitkisel Yağlarda 3-Monokloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ve Glisidil Esterleri Oluşumu ve Azaltılması

Kübra EMEKTAR
Meryem NUR KANTEKİN ERDOĞAN
Aziz TEKİN
Pages
96–104
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this review, factors affecting 3-MCPD and glycidyl ester formation and the mitigation strategies of these contaminants are discussed.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidol, which can exist in both free or bound forms, are process contaminants that can form during heat processes.
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Key Findings & Data:The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified free 3-MCPD and glycidol under Group 2B (possible carcinogenic to humans) and Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans), respectively.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this review, factors affecting 3-MCPD and glycidyl ester formation and the mitigation strategies of these contaminants are discussed.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:2018 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidol, which can exist in both free or bound forms, are process contaminants that can form during heat processes. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified free 3-MCPD and glycidol under Group 2B (possible carcinogenic to humans) and Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans), respectively. Due to its toxicity JECFA recommended a maximum tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 2 µg/kg body weight for free 3-MCPD. Furthermore, the maximum level of glycidyl esters in refined vegetable oil was determined as 1 mg/kg in the regulation of European Commission in 2018. Precursors such as monodiglycerides and chlorine are responsible for the formation of 3-MCPD and glycidol. Additionally, it has been found that the formation of these contaminants can be significantly influenced by temperature and time applied during the refining processes of vegetable oils. In this review, factors affecting 3-MCPD and glycidyl ester formation and the mitigation strategies of these contaminants are discussed.

Özet

3-Monokloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ve glisidol, serbest veya esterleşmiş formlarda bulunabilen ısıl işlem kaynaklıgıda bulaşanlarıdır. Uluslararası Kanser Araştırma Ajansı (IARC) 3-MCPD’yi Grup 2B (insanlar için olası karsinojen)glisidolü ise Grup 2A (insanlar için muhtemel karsinojen) olarak sınıflandırmıştır. Toksisitesinden dolayı serbest 3-MCPD için maksimum tolere edilebilir günlük alım (TDI) miktarı JECFA tarafından 2 µg/kg vücut ağırlığı olarakbelirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Avrupa Komisyonu’nun 2018 yılında yaptığı son düzenleme ile bitkisel yağlarda glisidil esterlerilimit değeri 1 mg/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Mono ve digliseritler ile klor iyonu gibi prekürsörlerin rafine bitkisel yağlarda3-MCPD ve glisidil ester bulaşanlarının oluşumundan sorumlu olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bunun yanında bitkisel yağlarınrafinasyonu sırasında uygulanan sıcaklık ve sürenin de bu bulaşanların oluşumunu önemli ölçüde etkilediği tespitedilmiştir. Bu derlemede, ilgili güncel literatür ışığında bitkisel yağlarda 3-MCPD ve glisidil esterleri oluşumuna sebepolan faktörler ve bu bulaşanların azaltılmasında kullanılan yöntemler incelenmiştir.

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Cite This Article

EMEKTAR, K., ERDOĞAN, M. N. K., TEKİN, A. (2022). 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and Glycidyl Esters Formed in Vegetable Oils. Akademik Gıda, Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 1, 96–104. https://ajindex.com/articles/432481

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