Journals / Türk Psikoloji Dergisi / 2015 / Cilt: 30 - Sayı: 75

Does Semantic Association Play a Role in Post-Event Misinformation Effect?

Görgü Tanıklığında Olay Sonrası Yanlış Bilginin Etkisi Kategori Kuvvetine Göre Değişir mi?

Pages
36–46
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Findings were discussed in terms of Fuzzy Trace Theory and the “developmental reversals” approach by Brainerd and Reyna (2012).

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:According to one of the most prominent false memory theories (Fuzzy Trace Theory), false memories stem from the semantic association between the original information and post-event misinformation.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Analysis revealed that semantically strong and weak distractors were significantly more likely to be accepted as original information than the semantically unrelated item.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Findings were discussed in terms of Fuzzy Trace Theory and the “developmental reversals” approach by Brainerd and Reyna (2012).
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2012 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

According to one of the most prominent false memory theories (Fuzzy Trace Theory), false memories stem from the semantic association between the original information and post-event misinformation. Furthermore, the strength of this association predicts the probability of accepting the post-event misinformation as original information. In order to test this prediction within the eyewitness testimony framework, the current study used a video of a mock-theft and a narrative of the event in which some original information was changed as post-event misinformation. To that end, the strong and the weak members of the category to which original information belongs to, and semantically unre- lated options were given as distractors in addition to the original information in a recognition test. Analysis revealed that semantically strong and weak distractors were significantly more likely to be accepted as original information than the semantically unrelated item. Semantically strong distractors were accepted as original information more than weak distractors, although the difference did not reach significance. Findings were discussed in terms of Fuzzy Trace Theory and the “developmental reversals” approach by Brainerd and Reyna (2012).

Özet

Görgü tanıklığında bellek yanılmalarını açıklamak için en çok başvurulan kuramlardan birisi olan Fuzzy Trace Theoryye göre, ancak orijinal olayla anlamsal ortaklığı olan bir “olay sonrası yanlış bilgi” onun yerine yanlışlıkla kabul edilebilir; dahası, bu bağlantı ne kadar kuvvetli olursa, olay sonrası bilginin orijinal olay yerine kabul edilme olasılığı o kadar yüksek olur. Mevcut araştırmada bu kestirim, görgü tanıklığı literatürü çerçevesinde bir hırsızlık olayını betimleyen bir video ile test edilmiştir. Olay sonrası yanlış bilgi olarak kritik maddelerin ait olduğu kategori- nin kuvvetli üyesi, zayıf üyesi ve kategori dışı seçenek bir hikaye içinde verilmiştir. Tanıma testinde kritik maddenin kendisi, ait olduğu kategorinin kuvvetli üyesi, zayıf üyesi ve ilişkisiz seçenek yer almıştır. Orijinal olay ile anlamsal bağlantısı olan yanlış bilgi, olmayandan daha fazla kabul edilmiş, kategorinin kuvvetli üyesi ile zayıf üyesi arasın- daki fark ise, anlamlılık düzeyine erişememiştir. Bulgular Fuzzy Trace Theory ile Brainerd ve Reynanın (2012) “gelişimsel karşıtlık” kavramı açısından tartışılmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

GÖZ, İ., TEKİN, S., DİNN, A. A. (2015). Does Semantic Association Play a Role in Post-Event Misinformation Effect?. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 30 - Sayı: 75, 36–46. https://ajindex.com/articles/357536

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (13)

  1. Anastasi, J. S., Lewis, S. ve Quinlan, F. (2008). Examining dif- ferences in the levels of false memories in children and adults using child-normed lists. Developmental Psychol- ogy, 44, 889-894.
  2. Belli, R. F. (1989). Influences of misleading postevent informa- tion: Misinformation interference and acceptance. Jour- nal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 72-85.
  3. Bergen, V., Horselenberg, R., Merckelbach, H., Jelicic, M. ve Beckers, R. ( 2010). Memory distrust and acceptance of misinformation. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24, 885- 896. Bodner, G. E., Musch, E. ve Azad, T. (2009). Reevaluating the potency of the memory conformity effect. Memory & Cognition, 37, 1069-1076.
  4. Brainerd, C. J., Forrest, T. J.; Karibian, D. ve Reyna, V. F. (2006). Development of the false-memory illusion. De- velopmental Psychology, 42, 962-979.
  5. Brainerd, C. J. ve Reyna, V. F. (2002). Fuzzy-trace theory and false memory. Current Directions in Psychological Sci- ence, 11, 164-169.
  6. Brainerd, C. J. ve Reyna, V. F. (2004). Fuzzy-trace theory and memory development. Developmental Review, 24, 396- 439. Brainerd, C. J. ve Reyna, V. F. (2012). Reliability of children’s testimony in the era of developmental reversals. Develop- mental Review, 32, 224-267.
  7. Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F. ve Brandse, E. (1995). Are chil- dren’s false memories more persistent than their true memories? Psychological Science, 6, 359-364.
  8. Campos, L. ve Alonso-Quecuty, M. L. (2006). Remembering a criminal conversation: Beyond eyewitness testimony. Memory, 14, 27-36.
  9. Carneiro, P., Albuquerque, P., Fernandez, A. ve Esteves, F. (2007). Analyzing false memories in children with asso- ciative lists specific for their age. Child Development, 78, 1171-1185.
  10. Connolly, D. A. ve Price, H. L. (2006). Children’s suggestibil- ity for an instance of a repeated event versus a unique event: The effect of degree of association between vari- able details. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 93, 207-223.
  11. Dewhurst, S. A., Howe, M. L., Berry, D. M. ve Knott, L. M. (2011). Test-induced priming increases false recognition in older but not younger children. Journal of Experimen- tal Child Psychology, 111, 101-107.
  12. Er, N., Alpar, G. ve Uçar, F. (2005). Görgü tanığının bellek yanılsamaları ve güven kararları: Bağımsız bellek bildi- rimlerinden sonraki sonraki test ve soru türü değişken- lerinin etkisi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 20, 45-56.
  13. Fazio, L. K. ve Marsh, E. J. (2008). Older, not younger, chil- dren learn more false facts from