Journals / Praksis / 2016 / Cilt: 1 - Sayı: 40

The "Security State", Surveillance-Policing Networks and their Effects on University Campuses in Turkey throughout the 20005: An Evaluation Based on the Kurdish Liberation Movement

"Güvenlik Devleti", özetim-Polislik Ağları ve 2000'Ii Yıllarda Türkiye'de Üniversite Kampüslerine Yansımaları: Kürt Özgürlük Hareketi Özelinde Bir Değerlendirme

Journal
Praksis
Pages
121–151
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In the paper, this process is analyzed by relying on the semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with 7 students who engage in the Kurdish Liberation Movement and have gone through several penal processes, 7 private security guards and 2 former students who had been politically active in the 1990s as well as the secondary sources.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Throughout the 2000s, university campuses in Turkey have been re-configured by means of new "security measures" that incorporate the employment of private security guards on campuses, deployment of CCTV cameras and uniformed/undercover police officers, establishment of close cooperation mechanisms between the police organization/governors, private security guards and university administrations and the efforts to make families and fellow students part of this configuration.
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Key Findings & Data:Throughout this process, besides the re-arrangement of campuses with what can be called surveillance-policing networks, there has been a sharp increase in the number of disciplinary investigations and cases filed against oppositional students in heavy penal courts which have been frequently activated via "anti-terrorism regulations".
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Conclusion & Impact:In the paper, this process is analyzed by relying on the semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with 7 students who engage in the Kurdish Liberation Movement and have gone through several penal processes, 7 private security guards and 2 former students who had been politically active in the 1990s as well as the secondary sources.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2002 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Throughout the 2000s, university campuses in Turkey have been re-configured by means of new "security measures" that incorporate the employment of private security guards on campuses, deployment of CCTV cameras and uniformed/undercover police officers, establishment of close cooperation mechanisms between the police organization/governors, private security guards and university administrations and the efforts to make families and fellow students part of this configuration. Throughout this process, besides the re-arrangement of campuses with what can be called surveillance-policing networks, there has been a sharp increase in the number of disciplinary investigations and cases filed against oppositional students in heavy penal courts which have been frequently activated via "anti-terrorism regulations". The aim of this paper is to examine the surveillance-policing networks that are established at university campuses in Turkey and the new technologies of power employed for the pacification of student opposition as part of the restructuring process of the state under the Justice and Development Party governments (2002- ) which have arguably taken place in accordance with a new governmental rationality. Within the paper, it is argued that throughout the 2000s while public institutions are re-organized in Turkey around a neoliberal governmental rationality and a new order of governance based on the elimination of "risks" are established under the hegemony of financial capital, a new state form which is designated as the "security state" has also emerged in a way similar to the experiences of advanced capitalist countries such as the US, Canada. Within this new state form, a newly devised security dispositif steered by a logic of "preemptive security" has acquired dominance. In the paper, the workings of these networks, which are arguably an important part of this dispositif, are examined as they operate against the students who engage in the Kurdish Liberation Movement within the spaces of higher education and have become their primary targets. It is argued that these surveillance-policing networks have been functioning to extensively monitor the campuses, inflict psychological violence for repressive and disciplinary purposes and to implement preemptive "risk" elimination techniques by means of the disciplinary investigations and the frequent activation of heavy penal courts. In the paper, this process is analyzed by relying on the semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with 7 students who engage in the Kurdish Liberation Movement and have gone through several penal processes, 7 private security guards and 2 former students who had been politically active in the 1990s as well as the secondary sources.

Özet

Türkiye'de üniversite kampüsleri, 2000'li yıllarda çesitli "güvenlik" tedbirleriyle yeniden düzenlenmis; bu mekanlara özel güvenlik görevlileri, elektronik kameralar, sivil ve üniformalı polisler yerlestirilmis; polis teskilatı/valilikler, özel güvenlik görevlileri ve üniversite idareleri arasında daha yakın isbirligi kurulmus; bu isbirligi mekanizmalarına aileler ve ögrenciler de dahil edilmeye çalısılmıstır. Gözetim-polislik agları olarak tanımlanabilecek bu yapılanmanın yanı sıra, disiplin sorusturmaları artmıs, "terörle mücadele" düzenlemeleri yoluyla agır ceza mahkemeleri de sıklıkla aktive edilmeye baslanmıstır. Bu makalenin amacı, Türkiye'de üniversite kampüslerinde olusturulan gözetim-polislik aglarını ve bu aglar yoluyla ögrenci muhalefetini pasifize etmeye yönelik uygulanan yeni iktidar teknolojilerini, Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi hükümetleri döneminde (2002- ) devletin içine girdigi yeniden yapılanma süreci ve yönetim rasyonalitesinin dönüsümü çerçevesinde incelemektir. Çalısmada, Türkiye'de, AKP hükümetleri döneminde, kamu kurumlarının neoliberal yönetim rasyonalitesi çerçevesinden yeniden kurgulandıgı, finans sermayesinin hakimiyeti altında "risk önleme" amacının yönetim rasyonalitesinin basat bilesenlerinden biri haline geldigi ve bu süreçte, Amerika, Kanada gibi ileri kapitalist ülkelerin tecrübelerine benzer sekilde, "güvenlik devleti" olarak adlandırılan yeni bir devlet formunun ortaya çıktıgı iddia edilmektedir. Bu devlet formu içerisinde "önleyici güvenlik" anlayısı çerçevesinde olusturulan yeni bir "güvenlik" tertibatı (dispositif) hakim bir konum edinmistir. Makalede, söz konusu tertibatın önemli bir parçası oldugu iddia edilen gözetim-polislik aglarının isleyisi, Kürt Özgürlük Hareketi içerisinde faaliyet gösteren ve bu agların öncelikli hedefi haline gelen muhalif ögrencilerin pasifize edilmesine yönelik uygulanan stratejiler üzerinden incelenmektedir. İncelemeye göre, bu aglar yoluyla, ögrencilerin sürekli gözetim altında tutulması ve genis çapta istihbarat toplanması saglanmakta; toplanan istihbarat üzerinden, baskıcı ve disipliner amaçlara yönelik psikolojik siddet uygulanmakta; hem disiplin sorusturmaları hem de agır ceza mahkemelerinin aktivasyonu sayesinde önleyici "risk" bertaraf etme teknikleri devreye sokulmaktadır. Çalısmada, bu süreç, cezai alanın çesitli safhalarından geçmis ve Kürt Özgürlük Hareketi içerisinde faaliyet gösteren 7 ögrenci, 7 özel güvenlik görevlisi ve 1990'larda ögrenci olmakla birlikte siyasi olarak aktif olan 2 kisi ile yapılan yarı-yapılandırılmıs derinlemesine görüsmelere ve ikincil kaynaklara dayanılarak analiz edilmistir.

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Cite This Article

BERKSOY, B. (2016). The "Security State", Surveillance-Policing Networks and their Effects on University Campuses in Turkey throughout the 20005: An Evaluation Based on the Kurdish Liberation Movement. Praksis, Cilt: 1 - Sayı: 40, 121–151. https://ajindex.com/articles/302994

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