Journals / Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2

Public Diplomacy in the European Union: Education Diplomacy and the Erasmus+ Program

Avrupa Birliği’nde Kamu Diplomasisi: Eğitim Diplomasisi ve Erasmus+ Programı

Pages
187–203
Publication Date
2026-10-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The study employed qualitative research methods.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The study examines the role of international scholarship programmes in public diplomacy.
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Key Findings & Data:The concept of soft power was introduced into the foreign affairs lexicon in the 1960s to define various aspects of international relations beyond traditional diplomacy.
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Conclusion & Impact:The study employed qualitative research methods.
🔬Design:Derleme
📍Scope:2004 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Yumuşak Güç · Kamu Diplomasisi · Eğitim Diplomasisi

Abstract

The study examines the role of international scholarship programmes in public diplomacy. In this regard, the present study employs a comprehensive analysis of Western Balkan countries through the lens of the European Union’s long-standing Erasmus+ Programme. The concept of soft power was introduced into the foreign affairs lexicon in the 1960s to define various aspects of international relations beyond traditional diplomacy. It is now widely regarded as a fundamental component of public diplomacy. The concept of “soft power”, as proposed by Joseph Nye in 2004, has emerged as a seminal concept in the domain of power studies in international relations, offering an alternative to traditional forms of coercive influence. In their discussion, Wojciuka et al. (2015) delve more profoundly into the role of education in the context of soft power, asserting that education has become a universal value in the contemporary world and plays a pivotal role in the construction of a nation's soft power. In this context, a country that utilises and instrumentalises education as soft power can also strengthen its political legitimacy and develop the country's future potential by appealing to future generations. In the contemporary geopolitical context, education diplomacy has emerged as a pivotal instrument in the public diplomacy arsenal of various nations. In pursuit of enhancing their global standing, these nations, or unique international actors such as the EU, seek to augment their international presence, expand their sphere of influence through the dissemination of their culture and understanding, and thereby evolve into effective actors within the international system. This endeavour entails the strategic utilisation of elements of soft power to achieve these objectives. The study evaluates the EU’s cultural, political and social influence in four countries in the Western Balkans region (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro) through the conceptual framework of soft power and public diplomacy via education diplomacy. The study employed qualitative research methods.

Özet

Çalışma, Avrupa Birliği’nin uzun yıllardır sürdürmekte olduğu Erasmus+ Programı üzerinden bir inceleme sunarak uluslararası burs programlarının kamu diplomasisi üzerindeki rolünü Batı Balkanlar bölgesinde yer alan ülkeleri inceleyerek değerlendirmektedir. Geleneksel diplomasi dışındaki uluslararası ilişkilerin çeşitli yönlerini tanımlamak için 1960’larda dışişleri sözlüğüne girmiş bir kavram olarak kamu diplomasisinin temel bileşenlerinden birisi yumuşak güçtür. Joseph Nye (2004) tarafından ortaya atılan “yumuşak güç kavramı”, zorlayıcı etki biçimlerine alternatif sunarak uluslararası ilişkilerde güç tartışmalarının temel taşlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Wojciuka ve diğerleri (Wojciuk, Michałek, & Stormowska, 2015) ise eğitimin yumuşak güç içerisindeki konumunu daha derinlemesine tartışarak, eğitimin günümüzde evrensel bir değer olduğunu ve bir ulusun yumuşak gücünü oluşturmak için çok önemli olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Bu bağlamda eğitimi yumuşak güç olarak kullanan ve araçsallaştıran bir ülke, siyasi meşruiyetini de güçlendirebilir ve gelecek nesillere hitap ederek ülkenin gelecekteki potansiyelini de geliştirebilir (Mammen, Dinoop, Jayakumar, & Kumar, 2022). Bu noktada eğitim diplomasisi, ülkelerin kamu diplomasisi için de son derece önemli bir araç haline gelmiş ve ülkeler ya da AB gibi nevi şahsına münhasır uluslararası aktörler, küresel düzeyde varlıklarını güçlendirmek, kültür ve anlayışlarının yayılımını yumuşak güç unsurlarını kullanarak yaygınlaştırarak etki çerçevesini genişletmeyi ve böylece uluslararası sistemde etkin bir aktör olmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, yumuşak güç ve kamu diplomasisi kavram çerçevesi üzerinden eğitim diplomasisi vasıtasıyla AB’nin kültürel, siyasi ve toplumsal etkinliğinin Batı Balkanlar bölgesinde yer alan dört ülkeye (Bosna Hersek, Arnavutluk, Kosova ve Karadağ) odaklanarak değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.

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Cite This Article

Bulut, G. (2026). Public Diplomacy in the European Union: Education Diplomacy and the Erasmus+ Program. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 187–203. https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.1858073

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